9 research outputs found
Effect of dietary crude protein concentration on milk productivity traits in early lactation dairy cows
Received: January 30th, 2021 ; Accepted: April 24th, 2021 ; Published: April 29th, 2021 ; Correspondence: [email protected] evaluation and control of nitrogen balance at the farm and its relation to milk
productivity traits are becoming essential in dairy farming. Increasing in milk productivity
farmers tend to increase protein content in feed. The research complied into three (A, B, C) dairy
cow groups (8 cows in each group) with LB and HM breedβs cows in the early lactation period
divided into three phases (I, II, III) from 10 till 30 lactation days and lasting to 90 lactation days.
Each group cows were feeders with total mixed ration (TMR) with different CP content (approx.
17.0%; 16.0%; 15.0% accordingly). The amount of feed consumed by each cow were recorded
and feed samples collected during the study. Feed samples were analysed for CP and other feed
quality descriptive traits. Milk yield ( kg d
-1
) and milk samples were collected at day 21 of each
phase for analysis. Milk samples were analysed for fat (%), total protein (%), casein (%), and
urea content (mg dL-1
). The statistical analyses were conducted using ANOVA and descriptive
parameters. To evaluate the feed CP conversion efficiency estimated part of that in the yield of
milk protein for each cow and on average for the study group in each study phase. The conversion
efficiencies of feed CP in milk were ranged from 28.5% to 40.7% in study phase I, and from
33.0% to 39.9% in phase II, and the differences were statistically significant. In phase III, the
range from 30.4% to 36.3% were not statistically significant.
The objective of this study was to evaluation of feed protein conversion efficiency for dairy cows
in the early lactation phase and define the optimal crude protein (CP) content in the feed
The influence of dietary inclusion of peas, faba bean and lupin as a replacement for soybean meal on pig performance and carcass traits
ArticleThe effect of peas, faba
bean and lupin seed inclusion in growing and finishing pig
diets was evaluated. The control diet included soybean meal at 15%, but in the trial groups diets
peas were 15 or 28%, faba bean 20 or 25%, lupin seed 12 or 15%, completely replacing soybean
meal.
Diets formulated to be isoenergetic for ME and with the same crude protein content. The
faba bean and, especially, lupin seed meal inclusion in pig diets for growing per
iod significantly
reduced ADG
P
=
0.02 and 0.01
), and G : F was
also
signi
fi
cantly
influ
enced
(
P
=
0.02
) for pigs
in lupin seed meal groups. There were no effects on finisher pigs average daily gain, inclusion
peas or faba bean, daily gain were, respectively 892
Β±
19 and 915
Β±
11, 867
Β±
12 and 828
Β±
11,
except lupin seed meal (
P
=
0.04
) inclu
sion. There were no
significantly
effects on carcass quality
and to pork chemical content, but pigs fed the diets with peas 28% and faba bean 25% had less
of lean meat content, greater backfat thickness and internal fat than other groups which have a
simil
ar results. The muscle chemical content show that inclusi
o
n of pulses increased the total fat
content in pork. In conclusion, results from this experiment suggest that pigs fed peas and faba
bean have equal or slightly lower growth performance and carcass
traits than pigs fed soybean
meal, except lupin seed meal
Evaluation of feed conversion efficiency for different dairy cows breeds by milk yield, milk content and faecal amount
The objective of this study was to evaluation of feed conversion efficiency for Latvian
Brown (LB) and Holstein Black and White (HM) dairy cows breeds to define optimal crude
protein (CP) content in the feed. In the research study were completed three (A, B, C) dairy cows
group (8 cows in each group) with LB and HM breedβs cows in the early lactation period, from
10 till 30 lactation days. Each groups cows were feeder with total mixed ration (TMR) with
different CP content (approx. 18.0%, 17.5%, 17.0% accordingly). In the research period were
controlled the amount of feed fed and regularly collected feed samples. After 21 days feeding
was controlled milk yield, collected milk samples for content testing, and faecal amount and
samples. Milk samples were analysed for fat, total protein (%) and urea content (mg dL-1
). Milk
samples for content parameters were analysed in an accredited milk quality laboratory. The
statistical analyses were performed with the SPSS program package. The results acquired show
that in all studied parameters were not significant differences between study groups. To evaluate
the feed conversion efficiency during the study, we used the energy corrected milk (ECM) and
the feed dry matter content during research and calculated the coefficient for each cow individually
and on average in the study group. Milk yield, protein and faecal amount were significantly
different among breeds. Milk urea content was average 28.5 mg dL-1
for all LB breed cows in all
groups, for HM breeds it was 23.6 mg dL-1
. These results show that LB breed cows did not
converse feed proteins wholesome. Total milk and faecal amount were decreased in a group with
CP 17% in feed by 10% and 7% accordingly. By using this data, the farmer may make evaluations
and forecast of farming efficiency; cows breed preference and environmental threats
Longevity and milk production efficiency of Latvian local breeds during last decades
The aim of the study was to analyse the longevity and the amount of energy-corrected
milk (ECM) per day of local dairy cattle breeds Latvian Brown (LB) and Latvian Blue (LZ). The
study was based on the data of LB genetic resources (LB) 1770 and LZ 921 cows, which were
born from January 1st, 2000 till December 31st year 2015. Milk productivity and longevity of the
LB and LZ cows were analysed by birth year periods: 2000β2005, 2006β2010 and 2011β2015.
LZ culled cows lifespan was in average 2,762.8 Β± 55.14 days, or 7.6 years and it was significantly
higher than for LB. The average lifespan of LB culling cows was 6.7 years. There are cows which
had closed 7β12 lactations. On average, cowsβ lifespan decreased during analysed period. In
general, LZ cows are characterized by higher length of productive life and milking days. LZ cows
produced more EC milk during their productive life; however, they had the lower milking day
ECM productivity than LB cows
Trends in milk yield productivity and emissions from the dairy sector in Latvia
Received: January 31st, 2023 ; Accepted: May 8th, 2023 ; Published: May 26th, 2023 ; Correspondence: [email protected] cow productivity continuously increased in Latvia in recent years. Despite
decreasing numbers of dairy cow population dairy farms have been identified as an important
source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Dairy sector emissions create the largest share of
enteric fermentation emissions as well as emissions from manure in housing facilities, during
long-term storage and field application within agriculture sector total emissions. The main
objective of this study is to present the results of trend analysis in the productivity of the dairy
sector and corresponding emission in Latvia. Research is focused on analysis of dairy cow
productivity and feeding strategies to quantify the effect of increasing milk yield on GHG
emissions. In the framework of this research, emissions were calculated and evaluated for low
and high productivity dairy cows according to the methodology of β2019 Refinement to the 2006
Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventoriesβ. During the last decade dairy cow
productivity in Latvia has increased and the average milk yield in standard lactation was 8,320 kg
per year in 2021. It was observed that 60% of the total number of dairy cows met the requirements
of a high-productivity system, while 40% of the dairy cows belonged to low-productivity systems
in Latvia. Research results show that total GHG emissions for high-productivity system can reach
5.3 kt CO2 eq. per 1,000 cows per year, however, for low-productivity system the total amount
of emissions does not exceed 3.1 kt CO2 eq. per 1,000 cows
Evaluation of the RYR1 gene genetic diversity in the Latvian White pig breed
The ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) is a calcium ion channel in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle. Multiple polymorphic loci have been identified in the RYR1 gene in human and animals and some of them are associated with certain phenotypes. However, there are still few data on the RYR1 genetic variability in pig and only the missense mutation Arg615Cys, associated with the malignant hyperthermia, porcine stress syndrome and meat quality, has been studied in several commercial and local breeds. Aim. To genotype the rs344435545 (C1972T, Arg615Cys), rs196953058 (T8434C, Phe2769Leu) and rs323041392 (G12484A, Asp4119Asn) in the Latvian local pig breed Latvian White and to evaluate the eventual functionality of amino acid substitutions. Methods. Loci were genotyped by the restriction fragment length polymorphism technology in the collection of 8 samples of original Latvian White collected in 2006 and 103 samples of Latvian White collected in three Latvian geographically distant private farms in 2015. SIFT online tool was applied to evaluate a potential effect of the amino acid substitutions on protein functions. Results. The loci rs344435545 and rs196953058 were found to be monomorphic in both collections. On the contrary, the rs323041392 showed a high level of polymorphism in the original Latvian White with GG/GA/AA genotype correlation equal to 3/4/1 and the absence of polymorphism in 2015 collection. From the studied loci, only the rs344435545 was identified as possessing the potential to change functions of the protein. Conclusions. The unfavourable rs344435545 T allele having functional effect on the protein function, appears not to have been introduced in the Latvian White pig breed. A compete loss of the rs323041392 variability in Latvian White happened in nine years of private farming;this could be a message to Latvian and other European livestock industry that the breeding intensification may decrease the genetic diversity, specific features performance and adaptability to the environmental challenges in local breeds of small populations.Π Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ 1 (RYR1) Ρ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΌΡ ΡΠΊΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌ'ΡΠ·ΡΠ². Π£ Π³Π΅Π½Ρ RYR1 Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠ², Π΄Π΅ΡΠΊΡ Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²'ΡΠ·Π°Π½Ρ Π· ΠΏΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ ΠΌΡΠ½Π»ΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡ RYR1 Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ: Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ ΠΌΡΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Arg615Cys, ΠΏΠΎΠ²'ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π° Π·Ρ Π·Π»ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π³ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΡΡΡ, ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΌ'ΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ° . ΠΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ Ρ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ
rs344435545 (C1972T, Arg615Cys), rs196953058 (T8434C, Phe2769Leu) Ρ rs323041392 (G12484A, Asp4119Asn) ΠΌΡΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΡ Π»Π°ΡΠ²ΡΠΉΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ . ΠΠΎΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΠ·ΠΌΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ². ΠΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 8 Π·ΡΠ°Π·ΠΊΡΠ² ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΡΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π»Π°ΡΠ²ΡΠΉΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ, Π·ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π² 2006 ΡΠΎΡΡ Ρ 103 Π·ΡΠ°Π·ΠΊΡΠ² Π»Π°ΡΠ²ΡΠΉΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ, Π²ΡΠ΄ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π² ΡΡΡΠΎΡ
Π»Π°ΡΠ²ΡΠΉΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ
Ρ 2015 ΡΠΎΡΡ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΠ° Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ½Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½-ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ SIFT. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ . ΠΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΈ rs344435545 Ρ rs196953058 ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½Ρ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡ
. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ rs323041392 ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π² Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΠ·ΠΌΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΡΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π»Π°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π· GG / GA / AA Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ β 3/4/1 Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΠ·ΠΌΡ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΡ 2015 ΡΠΎΡΡ. Π Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠ², ΡΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈ rs344435545 ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π» Π·ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ . ΠΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΊΠ° Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»Ρ Π’ Π² rs344435545, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π² Π»Π°ΡΠ²ΡΠΉΡΡΠΊΡΠΉ Π±ΡΠ»ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ° Π΄Π΅Π²'ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ² Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ
Ρ Π»Π°ΡΠ²ΡΠΉΡΡΠΊΡΠΉ Π±ΡΠ»ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΌΡΠ½Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ rs323041392. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΡΠΉ Ρ ΡΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΊΡΠΉ Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ·Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ, ΡΠΎ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ Ρ ΠΌΡΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ Ρ Π½Π΅Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ
.Π Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π° 1 (RYR1) ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠ° ΡΠΊΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΡΡΡ. Π Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ RYR1 ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ², Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ RYR1 Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ: ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Arg615Cys, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Ρ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ. ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π² Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ
rs344435545 (C1972T, Arg615Cys), rs196953058 (T8434C, Phe2769Leu) ΠΈ rs323041392 (G12484A, Asp4119Asn) ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»Π°ΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΎΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ 8 ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»Π°ΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ, ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² 2006 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ 103 ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² Π»Π°ΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
Π»Π°ΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ
Π² 2015 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ½Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½-ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ SIFT. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΡΡΡ rs344435545 ΠΈ rs196953058 ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½Ρ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡ
. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ rs323041392 ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π» Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π² ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»Π°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ Ρ GG / GA / AA Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌ 3/4/1 ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ 2015 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ· ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ rs344435545 ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»Ρ Π’ Π² rs344435545, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π² Π»Π°ΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ° Π΄Π΅Π²ΡΡΡ Π»Π΅Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ
Ρ Π»Π°ΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ rs323041392. ΠΠ°ΠΊ Π»Π°ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ Π² Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ
Influence of ΞΊ-Casein Genotype on Milk Productivity of Latvia Local Dairy Breeds
ΞΊ-casein is one of milk proteins which are very important for milk processing. Genotypes of ΞΊ-casein affect milk yield, fat, and protein content. The main factors which affect local Latvian dairy breed milk yield and composition are analyzed in research. Data were collected from 88 Latvian brown and 82 Latvian blue cows in 2015. AA genotype was 0.557 in Latvian brown and 0.232 in Latvian blue breed. BB genotype was 0.034 in Latvian brown and 0.207 in Latvian blue breed. Highest milk yield was observed in Latvian brown (5131.2 Β± 172.01 kg), significantly high fat content and fat yield also was in Latvian brown (p < 0.05). Significant differences between ΞΊ-casein genotypes were not found in Latvian brown, but highest milk yield (5057 Β± 130.23 kg), protein content (3.42 Β± 0.03%), and protein yield (171.9 Β± 4.34 kg) were with AB genotype. Significantly high fat content was observed in Latvian blue breed with BB genotype (4.29 Β± 0.17%) compared with AA genotypes (3.42 Β± 0.19). Similar tendency was found in protein content β 3.27 Β± 0.16% with BB genotype and 2.59 Β± 0.16% with AA genotype (p < 0.05). Milk yield increases by increasing parity. We did not obtain major tendency of changes of milk fat and protein content according parity
Vasily Sesemannβs theory of knowledge, and its phenomenological relevance
Knygos https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39623-7In his philosophical research, Vasily Sesemann proved that the natural sciences were not the sole domain of knowledge. He criticized Neo-Kantian philosophy and argued that the subject of knowledge could not be an abstract scientific mind. Cognition involves direct intuition. The knowing subject acts directly in the world, which is why knowledge is always related to attitudes. A person knows himself not as a theoretical object, but as a non-objectifiable, personal life. Therefore, man must follow not only reflective knowledge, but also pre-reflective self-consciousness. The knowledge that an incarnate and worldly, agential subject can be connected not only to conscious activity, but unconscious activity as well. Sesemann rejected the Neo-Kantian reduction of being into logical thinking. He argued that rationality is always related to irrationality, and pure knowledge is related to attitudes. I first discuss how Sesemann understands intuition and criticizes the naturalistic account of scientific knowledge. I then analyze how Sesemannβs theory relates knowledge to attitudes. Finally, I discuss the genesis of knowledge as the transcendence of oneβs point of view and how objectifying knowledge is related to linguistic expression and in this context argue that Sesemannβs analysis of knowledge is similar to Husserlβs genetic phenomenologyFilosofijos katedraVytauto DidΕΎiojo universiteta