Kodėl administraciniam procesui (ne)reikalinga kasacija?

The article analyses the system of administrative courts, its advantages, disadvantages and possible improvements.Straipsnyje analizuojama administracinių teismų sistema, jos privalumai, trūkumai bei patobulinimai

The Criticality Measure of Energy Systems

AbstractNational security, economic growth and population welfare depends on the safe and reliable functioning of various infrastructures very much. The disruptions in one of the infrastructures often are transferred to the other dependent infrastructures. Thus, it could have considerably negative effects for the functionality of the country's basic administration. The critical infrastructure is defined by an asset, system, part thereof or technical networks composed of different sectors. The paper presents the assessment method of critical infrastructure modelling and elements’ criticality of the energy system. The criticality of infrastructure element is described by other systems elements functionality reduction when considered element is affected by disruption or out of order. Assessment of system ability to perform its functions is implemented by authors developed model, when energy supply is interrupted or system element is out of order. In the analysed model energy sector is composed of heat and power systems. The optimization methods were used to simulate real system (to implement allocation of demands of heat and electricity for generation technologies)

Criticality assessment of energy infrastructure

After the last major accidents in the energy sector of the last decade (USA and Canada (2003), India (2012), Russian-Ukrainian (2009)), energy infrastructure criticality assessment has become one of the most important issues. It has become the topical subject of the economy and national security in all countries. There is no single measure unit for the assessment of critical infrastructure with respect to “interdependency” among critical infrastructure sectors. This paper proposes to use criticality of infrastructure element as a measure to assess the importance of considered element to the normal activity of all sectors of infrastructure. The pilot numerical simulation of heat and electricity infrastructure was performed to demonstrate the implementation of the application of developed method for the assessment of infrastructure functionality and criticality

Influence of glass fiber post joint for their retention: a scientific systematic literature review

Relevance of the problem and aim of the work: restoring anatomy and function of endodontically treated teeth using glass fiber posts remains a challenge for dentist because of different clinical situations and the variety in the market of glass fiber posts and materials using for cementing posts. Good retention properties, close elasticity modulus of dentine for teeth restorations are reached using glass fiber posts, which reduces risk of root fracture. However, one of the complication of this technique in the clinic work is a loss of retention of glass fiber post. Therefore, it is important to determine the impact for the glass fiber posts-cement-tooth joint sturdiness using different cementation protocols, surface preparation of glass fiber posts and application of cement technique into the root canal. Material and the methods: an electronic literature search from Pubmed database published from February 15th of 2012 to February 15th of 2017 was conducted. Sequential screening at the title, abstract and full text levels were performed. In vitro studies in the English language that had reported joint strength between glass fiber posts-cement-tooth cementing with dual-curing resin cement with 3 step etch-and-rinse adhesive system or self-etch dual-curing resin cement, the influence of the surface preparation of glass fiber post before cementing and glass fiber post-cement-tooth dependence of an cement application technique were included. Results: the search resulted in 11 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. 10 more articles were used for introduction and discussion. In those studies 225 human teeth, 60 bovine teeth, 525 glass fiber posts, 5 kinds of cements were involved. Conclusions: significantly higher share of the authors denied a statistically significant difference between the glass fiber post-cement-tooth connection strength using dual-curing resin cement with 3 step etch-and-rinse adhesive system or using self-etch dual-curing cement. All authors unambiguously accepted that glass fiber posts surface preparation and application technique of cement into the root canal affects glass fiber post-cement-tooth strength of the joints

Mathematical modelling of network systems resistance

Šiame darbe sukurti pavojaus sklaidos tinklinėse sistemose ir tinklo viršūnių pasipriešinimo pavojui (imuniteto) matematiniai modeliai. Išnagrinėti atvejai, kai imunitetas yra apibrėžiamas kaip atsitiktinis dydis arba kaip atsitiktinis procesas (kai jo vidurkis apibrėžiamas iš anksto žinoma funkcine priklausomybe). Pasinaudojant Bajeso metodu sukurtas algoritmas pavojaus pasipriešinimo modelio parametrams įvertinti, kai gaunami pavojaus viršūnėse matavimų duomenys. Atlikta pavojaus kiekio ribinio pasiskirstymo, tinklinėje sistemoje analizė. Darbe pateikiami pavojaus pasiskirstymo tinklinėje sistemoje vertinimo imitaciniai skaitiniai pavyzdžiai.In this thesis developed mathematical model of hazard distribution within network system with resistance feature is presented. The cases, when immunity is defined as random variable and random process (the expected value is expressed as a prior known function) are analyzed. The algorithm for the calculation of parameter estimates of the mathematical model of immunity was developed by using Bayesian approach, and obtained measurements (or observations of hazard level in the nodes). The analysis of the marginal distribution of hazard within network system is performed in this work. Numerical experiment of the evaluation of hazard distribution within network system is presented in this work.Vytauto Didžiojo universiteta

Principle of the rule of law according to the jurisprudence of the eucj

This master thesis provides analysis of the principle of rule of law according to the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union, and as auxiliary sources the practice of both the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Lithuania and the European Court of Human Rights is analysed, as well as findings of scientists. Rule of law – one of the core values on which the European Union is founded. In analysing this master's thesis, the principle of the rule of law is analysed through two of its components: the principle of judicial independence and impartiality, and the principle of legal certainty. The separation of the elements of the rule of law, judicial independence and impartiality, and the principle of legal certainty, analysed in the work is determined by the increased attention to those principles in the recent case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union. Breaches of judicial independence and impartiality in Hungary and Poland are widely known in the whole European Union. However, the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union in recent years shows that other Member States of the European Union also face problems in this area and that the potential threat of rule of law crises may not be limited to only a few Member States. In view of the current crises of the rule of law, and the possibility that this situation may arise in other Member States, the European Union has put in place a mechanism to protect the European Union's financial interests by suspending the provision of European Union funds to countries in breach of the rule of law. As ironic as it may sound, the adoption of such a mechanism has raised doubts as to whether it is itself compatible with the rule of law, a principle from which’s violations the financial interests of the European Union had to be protected

Особенности среды осадконакопления в акватории порта Швянтойи, Литва

The article presents results of water area investigations in the Šventoji port, Lithuania in June 2004. The data obtained showed changes of the sedimentation environment and bottom sediments in the Šventoji port in a different geographical situation. The goals of the investigations were to determine the main geographical factors responsible for the character of sedimentation processes, to distinguish sedimentogenetic zones, to reveal lithological composition patterns of the surface bottom sediments, and to find out whether the water indices are able to reflect changes in sedimentation conditions. The work includes analysis of a new river channel formatting and changing of the contour of the water basin. We have found that water indices reflect changes in sedimentation conditions. New bathymetric and lithological maps were compiled. Silty-clayey mud (26%) and muddy-sandy silt (16%) have been shown to be the most widespread surface bottom sediments in the Šventoji port

Tinklinės sistemos viršūnių imuniteto kitimo modeliavimas

In this paper we analyze the additive hazard distribution modelling in the network system with non-constant nodes’ immunities. Nodes’ immunities depend on number of cycle and unknown parameter that is defined as random variable. Bayesian approach is applied for the updating of the estimate of this random variable. In this study we are interested in how many cycles can system work under influence of the hazard in the network or how many cycles are required to reduce amount of the nodes’ hazard to the safe level. Obtained results can be used in the prediction of system’ lifetime and accident analysis. Numerical experiment was performed to illustrate application of developed algorithm.Šiame darbe nagrinėjama pavojaus sklaida tinklinėse sistemose ir tinklo viršūnių pasipriešinimas sklindančiam pavojui. Darbe apibrėžiama adityvaus pavojaus sklidimas, kiekvienos viršūnės gebėjimas pasipriešinti (imunitetas) priklausomai nuo ciklo skaičiaus. Bajeso metodų realizuota galimybė patikslinti sudarytą modelį, kai gaunami nauji stebėjimai. Patikslintas modelis yra naudojamas prognozavimui, po kiek laiko pavojus viršūnėje bus sumažintas iki leistino lygio. Pasiūlytas algoritmas gali būti taikomi įvairių apsaugos sistemų saugaus eksploatavimo laiko įvertinimui, avarijų analizei ir pan. Sudaryto algoritmo realizacijai buvo atliktas skaitinis eksperimentas