It Might Have Been

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/3630/thumbnail.jp

An Evaluation of New Scottish Chemistry Syllabuses

During the early 1960's new syllabuses in Chemistry were intro-:duced into Scottish schools. A research programme was begun to evaluate these new syllabuses by comparing the performance and attitudes of university students reared on the old and new systems. Differences were found in favour of the new syllabus students. Initially, as a subsidiary part of this investigation, a study was made of the syllabus areas which the students reported to be difficult. On analysis, these difficulties fell into two well defined groups (a) topics associated with formulae, equations and the mole, and, (b) organic topics related to hydrolysis and condensation reactions. To trace the source of these problems the investigation moved into schools at 'O' grade, 'H' grade and Sixth Year Studies levels. The same problem areas became evident at all of these levels and as far down as Third Form. Almost all of the calculations were based on the operation of simple proportion, a skill which was taught in primary school. The difficulties with organic were all related to spatial arrangements of molecular models and their corresponding representations as formulae. Remedies were sought in terms of syllabus rearrangements and changes in method and these investigations ore continuing. A close examination of the problems in the light of the developmental work of Piamet has shorn that they are almost certainly linked with maturity barriers. The operation of simple proportion introduced at primary school well before the child has reached the necessary level of maturity (approx. 13) may well be at the root of the trouble with calculations. When this was then brought into contact with the multivariate thinking involved in writing chemical formulae, it was not surprising that problems occurred. When the investigation was being carried out at Sixth Year Studies level the opportunity was taken to gather the views of both students and teachers as to how well the course was fulfilling the objectives around which it was designed. The findings, on the whole, were very favourable towards the syllabus. The work embodied in this entire investigation is now actively being used by the Consultative Committee on the Curriculum in its planning of the "second generation" of new syllabuses

The Measurement of Sporting Performance using Mobile Physiological Monitoring Technology

Coaches are constantly seeking more ecologically valid and reliable data to improve professional sporting performance. Using unobtrusive, valid and reliable mobile physiological monitoring devices may assist in achieving this aim. For example, there is limited information regarding professional fast bowlers in cricket and understanding this role during competitive in-match scenarios rather than in simulated bowling events could enhance coaching and physical conditioning practices. The BioharnessTM is a mobile monitoring device and assesses 5 variables (Heart rate [HR], Breathing frequency [BF], Accelerometry [ACC], Skin temperature [ST] and Posture [P]) simultaneously. Therefore, the aims of this research were to assess the effectiveness of the BioharnessTM mobile monitoring device during professional sporting performance using fast bowlers in cricket and this was to be achieved in five research studies. Study 1 presented the physiological profile of professional cricketers reporting fitness data with other comparable professional athletes, with a specific interest in fast bowlers who were to be the focus of this work. The 2nd and 3rd study assessed the reliability and validity of the BioharnessTM through controlled laboratory based assessment. For validity, strong relationships (r = .89 to .99, P .89, P 79.2 beat.min-1) and BF (> 54.7 br.min-1). ACC presented excellent precision (r = .94, P .97, P 10 km.h-1) variables became more erroneous. HR and ACC were deemed as valid and reliable to be assessed during in-match sporting performance in study 5. This final study sought to utilise and assess the BioharnessTM device within professional cricket, assessing physiological responses of fast-medium bowlers within a competitive sporting environment, collected over three summer seasons. The BioharnessTM presented different physiological profiles for One Day (OD) and Multi Day (MD) cricket with higher mean HR (142 vs 137 beats.min-1, P < .05) and ACC (Peak acceleration (PkA) 227.6 vs 214.9 ct.episode-1, P < .01) values in the shorter match format. Differences in data for the varying match states of bowling (HR, 142 vs 137 beats.min-1, PkA 234.1 vs 226.6 ct.episode-1), between over (HR, 129 vs 120beats.min-1, PkA 136.4 vs 126.5 ct.episode-1) and fielding (115 vs 106 beats.min-1, PkA 1349.9 vs 356.1 ct.episode-1) were reported across OD and MD cricket. Therefore, this information suggests to the coach that the training regimes for fast bowlers should be specific for the different demands specific to the format of the game employed. Relationships between in-match BioharnessTM data and bowling performance were not clearly established due to the complexities of uncontrollable variables within competitive cricket. In conclusion, the BioharnessTM has demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability in the laboratory and the field setting for all variables (Heart rate, Breathing frequency, Accelerometry, Skin temperature and Posture) but with limitations for heart rate and breathing frequency at the more extreme levels of performance. Furthermore, taking these limitations into account it has successfully been utilised to assess performance and provide further insight into the physiological demands in the professional sport setting. Therefore, this work suggests that coaches and exercise scientists working together should seek to utilise new mobile monitoring technology to access unique insights in to sporting performance which may be unobtainable in the laboratory or a simulated field based event

The nature-printed British sea-weeds : a history, accompanied by figures and dissections, of the algae of the British Isles ; in four volumes

1. Rhodospermeae: fam. I. - IX. 2. Rhodospermeae: fam. X. - XIII. 3. Melanospermeae 4. Chlorospermea

Can It Be Love At Last?

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/3943/thumbnail.jp

Interaction of infalling solid bodies with primordial atmospheres of disk-embedded planets

Planets that form early enough to be embedded in the circumstellar gas disk accumulate thick atmospheres of nebular gas. Models of these atmospheres need to specify the surface luminosity (i.e. energy loss rate) of the planet. This luminosity is usually associated with a continuous inflow of solid bodies, where the gravitational energy released from these bodies is the source of energy. However, if these bodies release energy in the atmosphere instead of at the surface, this assumption might not be justified. Our aim is to explore the interactions of infalling planetesimals with primordial atmospheres at an embedded phase of evolution. We investigate effects of atmospheric interaction on the planetesimals (mass loss) and the atmosphere (heating/cooling). We used atmospheric parameters from a snapshot of time-dependent evolution simulations for embedded atmospheres and simulated purely radial, infall events of siliceous planetesimals in a 1D, explicit code. We implemented energy transfer between friction, radiation transfer by the atmosphere and the body and thermal ablation; this gives us the possibility to examine the effects on the planetesimals and the atmosphere. We find that a significant amount of gravitational energy is indeed dissipated into the atmosphere, especially for larger planetary cores, which consequently cannot contribute to the atmospheric planetary luminosity. Furthermore, we examine that planetesimal infall events for cores, $M_\mathrm{C} > 2$M$_{\oplus}$, which actually result in a local cooling of the atmosphere; this is totally in contradiction with the classical model

Delivering integrated and customised service experiences within a heterogeneous cultural organisation

This investigation explores challenges in providing integrated and customised services across a heterogeneous cultural organisation. It contributes to contemporary research which increasingly looks at service experience in a number of contexts including public services (McColl-Kennedy, Janet R. Gustafsson et al., 2015), and emphasises the complexity of customer journeys (Lemon & Verhoef, 2016). This study also aligns with research that considers the heterogeneity of cultural consumption (Marschall, 2014; McCamley & Gilmore, 2017) and tourists’ experiences of intangible and tangible elements across a range of sites, some with connections of individual resonance (Poria & Ashworth, 2009; Poria, Butler, & Airey, 2004)

Tradable Permits

Tradable Permits – a Market-Based Allocation System for the Environment. Tradable Permits and Other Environmental Policy Instruments – Killing one Bird with two Stones. Tradable Permits – Ten Key Design Issues. Tradable Permits with Imperfect Monitoring. Emissions Trading with Greenhouse Gases in the European Union.Umweltzertifikat, Umweltökonomik, Immissionsschutz, Umweltpolitik, Klimaschutz, EU-Umweltpolitik, Wirtschaftspolitische Wirkungsanalyse, EU-Staaten, Vereinigte Staaten, Environmental economics, Emission control, Environmental policy, Climate protection, EU environmental policy, Economic policy analysis, EU countries, United States