Burbot Early Life History Strategies in the Great Lakes

Burbot Lota lota exhibit four previously known reproductive strategies in the Great Lakes region. In this paper we review those strategies and provide evidence for a fifth one—delayed deepwater spawning. The four known, shallow‐water strategies are as follows: (1) spawning by self‐sustaining, landlocked populations, (2) spawning in tributaries in winter and the exit of larvae to a Great Lake, (3) spawning by residents in a spawning stream with access to a Great Lake, and (4) spawning on unconsolidated and rocky areas in shallow water in winter in the lake proper. Resident, landlocked populations exist in some Michigan and Wisconsin rivers (e.g., the Muskegon River in Michigan). The evidence for winter tributary spawning is the appearance of newly hatched Burbot in the St. Marys and Bark rivers during April–June. Evidence for Burbot juveniles leaving spawning streams is U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service tributory mouth trap data. The evidence for winter nearshore spawning comes from power plant monthly entrainment studies (Mansfield et al. 1983). Our proposed fifth strategy is spring and summer spawning at deep reefs, where there is probably cobble or boulder habitat. Our evidence comes from midlake reefs in Lake Michigan and offshore areas of Lake Huron: (1) we collected adult Burbot at midlake reefs in Lake Michigan, (2) we collected many Burbot larvae (many of which were newly hatched) from Lakes Michigan and Huron in June–August, and (3) we collected a Burbot egg in a PONAR grab in mid‐July from 73 m in southern Lake Huron. An important question remains, namely, which life history strategy provides the highest recruitment success for this species. It may be that adaptability ensures the survival of this important, top‐predator fish during periods of crisis (e.g., encounters with dams, Sea Lamprey Petromyzon marinus predation).Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141895/1/tafs1733.pd

A stereochemical probe of the fate of carbon radicals oxidized by metals

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/22205/1/0000636.pd

The Recent Evolution of the Dwarf Starburst Galaxy NGC 625 from Hubble Space Telescope Imaging

New HST/WFPC2 imaging of the dwarf starburst galaxy NGC 625 is presented. These data, 80% complete to V and I magnitudes of 26.0 and 25.3, respectively, allow us to study the recent star formation history of NGC 625. We derive a tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) distance modulus of 27.95+/-0.07, corresponding to a distance of 3.89+/-0.22 Mpc, and a location on the far side of the Sculptor Group. NGC 625 has a well-defined radial stellar population gradient, evidenced by a central concentration of young MS stars and an RGB/AGB ratio that increases with galactocentric distance. The prominent AGB is very red, and RGB stars are detected far from the central star forming regions. Using H Alpha and H Beta narrow band imaging and previous optical spectroscopy we identify substantial and varying internal extinction (A_V = 0.0 to 0.6 mag) associated with the central active star formation regions. To better understand the effects of internal extinction on the analysis of young stellar populations, synthetic models are presented which, for the first time, examine and account for this effect. Using the luminous blue helium burning stars, we construct a simple model of the recent (< 100 Myr) star formation in which an elevated but declining star formation rate has been present over this entire period. This is at odds with the presence of spectroscopic W-R features in the major star formation region which imply a short duration (<= 5 Myr) for the recent starburst. This suggests that starbursts displaying W-R features are not necessarily all of a short duration. Finally, we speculate on the possible causes of the present burst of star formation in this apparently isolated galaxy, and compare it to other nearby, well-studied dwarf starburst systems.Comment: 56 pages, including 15 figures (2 in color). Scheduled to appear in AJ, December, 2003. Full-resolution version may be obtained at http://www.astro.umn.edu/~Cannon/n625.p

5-Hydroxytryptamine receptors (version 2019.4) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/31555-HT receptors (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on 5-HT receptors [194] and subsequently revised [176]) are, with the exception of the ionotropic 5-HT3 class, GPCRs where the endogenous agonist is 5-hydroxytryptamine. The diversity of metabotropic 5-HT receptors is increased by alternative splicing that produces isoforms of the 5-HT2A (non-functional), 5-HT2C (non-functional), 5-HT4, 5-HT6 (non-functional) and 5-HT7 receptors. Unique amongst the GPCRs, RNA editing produces 5-HT2C receptor isoforms that differ in function, such as efficiency and specificity of coupling to Gq/11 and also pharmacology [40, 482]. Most 5-HT receptors (except 5-ht1e and 5-ht5b) play specific roles mediating functional responses in different tissues (reviewed by [463, 382])

5-Hydroxytryptamine receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1

5-HT receptors (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on 5-HT receptors [198] and subsequently revised [180]) are, with the exception of the ionotropic 5-HT3 class, GPCRs where the endogenous agonist is 5-hydroxytryptamine. The diversity of metabotropic 5-HT receptors is increased by alternative splicing that produces isoforms of the 5-HT2A (non-functional), 5-HT2C (non-functional), 5-HT4, 5-HT6 (non-functional) and 5-HT7 receptors. Unique amongst the GPCRs, RNA editing produces 5-HT2C receptor isoforms that differ in function, such as efficiency and specificity of coupling to Gq/11 and also pharmacology [40, 491]. Most 5-HT receptors (except 5-ht1e and 5-ht5b) play specific roles mediating functional responses in different tissues (reviewed by [471, 387])