The Unicellular State as a Point Source in a Quantum Biological System.

A point source is the central and most important point or place for any group of cohering phenomena. Evolutionary development presumes that biological processes are sequentially linked, but neither directed from, nor centralized within, any specific biologic structure or stage. However, such an epigenomic entity exists and its transforming effects can be understood through the obligatory recapitulation of all eukaryotic lifeforms through a zygotic unicellular phase. This requisite biological conjunction can now be properly assessed as the focal point of reconciliation between biology and quantum phenomena, illustrated by deconvoluting complex physiologic traits back to their unicellular origins

Sceloporus woodi

Number of Pages: 2Integrative BiologyGeological Science

A systematic approach to cancer: evolution beyond selection.

Cancer is typically scrutinized as a pathological process characterized by chromosomal aberrations and clonal expansion subject to stochastic Darwinian selection within adaptive cellular ecosystems. Cognition based evolution is suggested as an alternative approach to cancer development and progression in which neoplastic cells of differing karyotypes and cellular lineages are assessed as self-referential agencies with purposive participation within tissue microenvironments. As distinct self-aware entities, neoplastic cells occupy unique participant/observer status within tissue ecologies. In consequence, neoplastic proliferation by clonal lineages is enhanced by the advantaged utilization of ecological resources through flexible re-connection with progenitor evolutionary stages

The Northern Anchovy reduction fishery for the 1978-79 through 1981-82 seasons

Nearly 49,000 metric tons (MT) of anchovies were taken during the 1978-79 season, followed by 32,390 MT in 1979-80, 60,678 MT in 1980-81 and 45,150 MT in 1981-82. A total of 14,076 fish was sampled during the four seasons for age, length and sex. The fishery during the four seasons consisted mainly of young-of-the-year and age groups I and II fish. The 1978 and 1979 yr classes comprised the major share of the catch. Seasonal mean lengths varied from 112 mm standard length (SL) in the 1979-80 season to 122 mm SL for the 1981-82 season. Female to male sex ratios ranged from 1.17:l (1978-79 season) to 1.59:l (1979-80 season). (28pp.

Exotic coactions

If a locally compact group G acts on a C*-algebra B, we have both full and reduced crossed products, and each has a coaction of G. We investigate "exotic" coactions in between, that are determined by certain ideals E of the Fourier-Stieltjes algebra B(G) -- an approach that is inspired by recent work of Brown and Guentner on new C*-group algebra completions. We actually carry out the bulk of our investigation in the general context of coactions on a C*-algebra A. Buss and Echterhoff have shown that not every coaction comes from one of these ideals, but nevertheless the ideals do generate a wide array of exotic coactions. Coactions determined by these ideals E satisfy a certain "E-crossed product duality", intermediate between full and reduced duality. We give partial results concerning exotic coactions, with the ultimate goal being a classification of which coactions are determined by ideals of B(G).Comment: corrected and shortene

Tensor-product coaction functors

For a discrete group $G$, we develop a `$G$-balanced tensor product' of two coactions $(A,\delta)$ and $(B,\epsilon)$, which takes place on a certain subalgebra of the maximal tensor product $A\otimes_{\max} B$. Our motivation for this is that we are able to prove that given two actions of $G$, the dual coaction on the crossed product of the maximal-tensor-product action is isomorphic to the $G$-balanced tensor product of the dual coactions. In turn, our motivation for this is to give an analogue, for coaction functors, of a crossed-product functor originated by Baum, Guentner, and Willett, and further developed by Buss, Echterhoff, and Willett, that involves tensoring an action with a fixed action $(C,\gamma)$, then forming the image inside the crossed product of the maximal-tensor-product action. We prove that composing our tensor-product coaction functor with the full crossed product of an action reproduces the tensor-crossed-product functor of Baum, Guentner, and Willett. We prove that every such tensor-product coaction functor is exact, thereby recovering the analogous result for the tensor-crossed-product functors of Baum, Guentner, and Willett. When $(C,\gamma)$ is the action by translation on $\ell^\infty(G)$, we prove that the associated tensor-product coaction functor is minimal, generalizing the analogous result of Buss, Echterhoff, and Willett for tensor-crossed-product functors.Comment: Minor revisio

The adenomatous polyposis coli protein unambiguously localizes to microtubule plus ends and is involved in establishing parallel arrays of microtubule bundles in highly polarized epithelial cells

Loss of full-length adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein correlates with the development of colon cancers in familial and sporadic cases. In addition to its role in regulating β-catenin levels in the Wnt signaling pathway, the APC protein is implicated in regulating cytoskeletal organization. APC stabilizes microtubules in vivo and in vitro, and this may play a role in cell migration (Näthke, I.S., C.L. Adams, P. Polakis, J.H. Sellin, and W.J. Nelson. 1996. J. Cell Biol. 134:165–179; Mimori-Kiyosue, Y., N. Shiina, and S. Tsukita. 2000. J. Cell Biol. 148:505–517; Zumbrunn, J., K. Inoshita, A.A. Hyman, and I.S. Näthke. 2001. Curr. Biol. 11:44–49) and in the attachment of microtubules to kinetochores during mitosis (Fodde, R., J. Kuipers, C. Rosenberg, R. Smits, M. Kielman, C. Gaspar, J.H. van Es, C. Breukel, J. Wiegant, R.H. Giles, and H. Clevers. 2001. Nat. Cell Biol. 3:433–438; Kaplan, K.B., A. Burds, J.R. Swedlow, S.S. Bekir, P.K. Sorger, and I.S. Näthke. 2001. Nat. Cell Biol. 3:429–432). The localization of endogenous APC protein is complex: actin- and microtubule-dependent pools of APC have been identified in cultured cells (Näthke et al., 1996; Mimori-Kiyosue et al., 2000; Reinacher-Schick, A., and B.M. Gumbiner. 2001. J. Cell Biol. 152:491–502; Rosin-Arbesfeld, R., G. Ihrke, and M. Bienz. 2001. EMBO J. 20:5929–5939). However, the localization of APC in tissues has not been identified at high resolution. Here, we show that in fully polarized epithelial cells from the inner ear, endogenous APC protein associates with the plus ends of microtubules located at the basal plasma membrane. Consistent with a role for APC in supporting the cytoskeletal organization of epithelial cells in vivo, the number of microtubules is significantly reduced in apico-basal arrays of microtubule bundles isolated from mice heterozygous for APC

The Contributory Effect of Latency on the Quality of Voice Transmitted over the Internet

Deployment of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is rapidly growing worldwide due to the new services it provides and cost savings derived from using a converged IP network. However, voice quality is affected by bandwidth, delay, latency, jitter, packet loss e.t.c. Latency is the dominant factor that degrades quality of voice transfer. There is therefore strong need for a study on the effect of Latency with the view to improving Quality of Voice (QoV) in VoIP network. In this work, Poisson probability theorem, Markov Chain, Probability distribution theorems and Network performance metric were used to study the effect of latency on QoS in VoIP network. This is achieved by considering the effect of latency resulting from several components between two points in multiple networks. The NetQoS Latency Calculator, Net-Cracker Professional® for Modeling and Matlab/Simulink® for simulating network were tools used and the results obtained compare favourably well with theoretical facts

Exact large ideals of B(G) are downward directed

We prove that if E and F are large ideals of B(G) for which the associated coaction functors are exact, then the same is true for the intersection of E and F. We also give an example of a coaction functor whose restriction to the maximal coactions does not come from any large ideal.Comment: minor revisio