Multi-fuzzy sets and their correspondence to other sets

This paper discusses the properties of multi-fuzzy sets with product order and dictionary order on their membership functions. In particular the relationship between multi-fuzzy sets and other sets such as intuitionistic fuzzy sets, type-2 fuzzy sets, multisets and fuzzy multisets are studied

Multi-fuzzy sets and their correspondence to other sets

This paper discusses the properties of multi-fuzzy sets with product order and dictionary order on their membership functions. In particular the relationship between multi-fuzzy sets and other sets such as intuitionistic fuzzy sets, type-2 fuzzy sets, multisets and fuzzy multisets are studied

Advancements in Automotive Antennas

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Contrast-Induced Neurotoxicity following Cardiac Catheterization

We report a case of probable contrast-induced neurotoxicity that followed a technically challenging cardiac catheterization in a 69-year-old woman. The procedure had involved the administration of a large cumulative dose of an iodinated, nonionic contrast medium into the innominate artery: twelve hours following the catheterization, the patient developed a seizure followed by a left hemiplegia, and an initial computed tomography (CT) scan showed sulcal effacement in the right cerebral hemisphere due to cerebral swelling. The patient’s clinical symptoms resolved within 24 hours, and magnetic resonance imaging at 32 hours showed resolution of swelling. Contrast-induced neurotoxicity should be found in the differential diagnosis of acute neurological deficits occurring after radiological procedures involving iodinated contrast media, whether ionic or nonionic

Tannin Acyl Hydrolase Production by Citrobacter sp. isolated from Tannin rich Environment, using Tamarindus indica seed powder

Bacterial isolate, Citrobacter sp., from tannery effluent loaded sites has proved as a potent producer of tannase. Production of tannase was compared in solid-state and submerged fermentation using tamarind seed as sole carbon source. Two times increase in tannase activity was seen in solid-state fermentation (90 U) than submerged fermentation (50 U) at 48 h from 5 g substrate @ JASE

Supercapacitors Fabrication and Performance Evaluation Techniques

Supercapacitors have surfaced as a promising technology to store electrical energy and bridge the gap between a conventional capacitor and a battery. This chapter reviews various fabrication practices deployed in the development of supercapacitor electrodes and devices. A broader insight is given on the numerous electrode fabrication techniques that include a detailed introduction, principles, pros and cons, and their specific applications to provide a holistic view. Key performance parameters of an energy storage device are explained in detail. A further discussion comprises several electrochemical measurement procedures that are used for the supercapacitor performance evaluation. The performance characterization section helps to determine the correct approach that should be utilized for supercapacitor device performance measurement and assessment

Toxicity Evaluation and Biocompatibility of Nanostructured Biomaterials

Biomaterials have occupied a prominent place in regenerative procedures to restore human health. Moreover, there is a greater need in understanding, analyzing and establishing their toxicity profile. These, when made into nano-sized constructions called nanostructured biomaterials, their regenerative potential is enhanced, which could influence their toxicity nature. This chapter intends to give comprehensive information on their nanotoxicology pathways at the cellular level, their entry pathways into the human body, and their potential consequences on human health. It clearly explains the cytocompatibility and biocompatibility of various nanostructured biomaterials for potential human health applications like drug delivery and tissue engineering. A detailed overview of various in vitro and in vivo evaluation methods of biocompatibility of nanomaterials are outlined in this chapter that researchers should address as they move forward in developing new systems for the field of regeneration

Development of Electrochemical Nanosensor for the Detection of Malaria Parasite in Clinical Samples

In this study, electrochemical nanosensors were developed from the synthesized metal oxide (MO) nanoparticles by supporting it on a gold electrode (Au). The activity of the developed nanosensor toward the detection of malaria biomarker (β-hematin) was determined and the optimum conditions at which the maximum detection and quantification occurred were established. β-Hematin current response at the sensors was higher when compared with the bare Au electrode and followed the order Au-CuO (C) > Au-CuO (M) > Au-Fe2O3 (M) > Au-Fe2O3 (C) > Au-Al2O3 (M) > Au-Al2O3 (C) > bare Au. The developed sensors were stable with a relatively low current drop (10.61–17.35 %) in the analyte. Au-CuO sensor had the best performance toward the biomarker and quantitatively detected P. berghei in infected mice's serum samples at 3.60–4.8 mM and P. falciparum in human blood serum samples at 0.65–1.35 mM concentration

Apelin Is Required for Non-Neovascular Remodeling in the Retina

Retinal pathologies are frequently accompanied by retinal vascular responses, including the formation of new vessels by angiogenesis (neovascularization). Pathological vascular changes may also include less well characterized traits of vascular remodeling that are non-neovascular, such as vessel pruning and the emergence of dilated and tortuous vessel phenotypes (telangiectasis). The molecular mechanisms underlying neovascular growth versus non-neovascular remodeling are poorly understood. We therefore undertook to identify novel regulators of non-neovascular remodeling in the retina by using the dystrophic Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rat and the retinal dystrophy 1 (RD1) mouse, both of which display pronounced non-neovascular remodeling. Gene expression profiling of isolated retinal vessels from these mutant rodent models and wild-type controls revealed 60 differentially expressed genes. These included the genes for apelin (Apln) and for its receptor (Aplnr), both of which were strongly up-regulated in the mutants. Crossing RD1 mice into an Apln-null background substantially reduced vascular telangiectasia. In contrast, Apln gene deletion had no effect in two models of neovascular pathology [laser-induced choroidal neovascularization and the very low density lipoprotein receptor (Vldlr)-knockout mouse]. These findings suggest that in these models apelin has minimal effect on sprouting retinal angiogenesis, but contributes significantly to pathogenic non-neovascular remodeling