«Også spurte han at ‘skal vi være venner?’ også svarte jeg JA!» En kvalitativ studie om hvordan barna opplever skolestarten, og hvordan de voksne legger til rette for de beste forutsetninger for at barna skal mestre sin nye hverdag

Formålet med denne studien var å få innsyn i barnas opplevelser av skolestarten, og de voksnes erfaringer om hvordan barna forberedes for å gi de best mulig forutsetning for å mestre sin nye hverdag. Med dette ønsket jeg at barnas stemme skulle ha en sentral plass i studien, samtidig som de voksne som står barna nærmes også var viktig for å belyse studiens tematikk. Ved hjelp av informasjon hentet fra informantene i studien, og studiens teori, besvarer jeg problemstillingen: «Hvordan oppleves skolestarten av barna og de voksne og hvordan forberedes barna for å gi dem best mulig forutsetning for å mestre sin nye hverdag?» Studiens funn viser at skolen har et stort fokus på trivsel, tilpasning og mestring det første halve året etter skolestart. Elevenes egne fortellinger viser hvordan skolen tilrettelegger for utvikling av gode relasjoner, for forståelse av regler og struktur i hverdagen og det at elevene lærer seg å være skoleelev. Det kommer fram at vennskap, lekestativer og rollelek var viktig for elevene i overgangen

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

«Også spurte han at ‘skal vi være venner?’ også svarte jeg JA!» En kvalitativ studie om hvordan barna opplever skolestarten, og hvordan de voksne legger til rette for de beste forutsetninger for at barna skal mestre sin nye hverdag

Formålet med denne studien var å få innsyn i barnas opplevelser av skolestarten, og de voksnes erfaringer om hvordan barna forberedes for å gi de best mulig forutsetning for å mestre sin nye hverdag. Med dette ønsket jeg at barnas stemme skulle ha en sentral plass i studien, samtidig som de voksne som står barna nærmes også var viktig for å belyse studiens tematikk. Ved hjelp av informasjon hentet fra informantene i studien, og studiens teori, besvarer jeg problemstillingen: «Hvordan oppleves skolestarten av barna og de voksne og hvordan forberedes barna for å gi dem best mulig forutsetning for å mestre sin nye hverdag?» Studiens funn viser at skolen har et stort fokus på trivsel, tilpasning og mestring det første halve året etter skolestart. Elevenes egne fortellinger viser hvordan skolen tilrettelegger for utvikling av gode relasjoner, for forståelse av regler og struktur i hverdagen og det at elevene lærer seg å være skoleelev. Det kommer fram at vennskap, lekestativer og rollelek var viktig for elevene i overgangen

Efficacy and safety of baricitinib in hospitalized adults with severe or critical COVID-19 (Bari-SolidAct): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial

International audienceAbstract Background Baricitinib has shown efficacy in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, but no placebo-controlled trials have focused specifically on severe/critical COVID, including vaccinated participants. Methods Bari-SolidAct is a phase-3, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, enrolling participants from June 3, 2021 to March 7, 2022, stopped prematurely for external evidence. Patients with severe/critical COVID-19 were randomised to Baricitinib 4 mg once daily or placebo, added to standard of care. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality within 60 days. Participants were remotely followed to day 90 for safety and patient related outcome measures. Results Two hundred ninety-nine patients were screened, 284 randomised, and 275 received study drug or placebo and were included in the modified intent-to-treat analyses (139 receiving baricitinib and 136 placebo). Median age was 60 (IQR 49–69) years, 77% were male and 35% had received at least one dose of SARS-CoV2 vaccine. There were 21 deaths at day 60 in each group, 15.1% in the baricitinib group and 15.4% in the placebo group (adjusted absolute difference and 95% CI − 0.1% [− 8·3 to 8·0]). In sensitivity analysis censoring observations after drug discontinuation or rescue therapy (tocilizumab/increased steroid dose), proportions of death were 5.8% versus 8.8% (− 3.2% [− 9.0 to 2.7]), respectively. There were 148 serious adverse events in 46 participants (33.1%) receiving baricitinib and 155 in 51 participants (37.5%) receiving placebo. In subgroup analyses, there was a potential interaction between vaccination status and treatment allocation on 60-day mortality. In a subsequent post hoc analysis there was a significant interaction between vaccination status and treatment allocation on the occurrence of serious adverse events, with more respiratory complications and severe infections in vaccinated participants treated with baricitinib. Vaccinated participants were on average 11 years older, with more comorbidities. Conclusion This clinical trial was prematurely stopped for external evidence and therefore underpowered to conclude on a potential survival benefit of baricitinib in severe/critical COVID-19. We observed a possible safety signal in vaccinated participants, who were older with more comorbidities. Although based on a post-hoc analysis, these findings warrant further investigation in other trials and real-world studies. Trial registration Bari-SolidAct is registered at NCT04891133 (registered May 18, 2021) and EUClinicalTrials.eu ( 2022-500385-99-00 )