14,438 research outputs found
Dithering Strategies and Point-Source Photometry
The accuracy in the photometry of a point source depends on the point-spread
function (PSF), detector pixelization, and observing strategy. The PSF and
pixel response describe the spatial blurring of the source, the pixel scale
describes the spatial sampling of a single exposure, and the observing strategy
determines the set of dithered exposures with pointing offsets from which the
source flux is inferred. In a wide-field imaging survey, sources of interest
are randomly distributed within the field of view and hence are centered
randomly within a pixel. A given hardware configuration and observing strategy
therefore have a distribution of photometric uncertainty for sources of fixed
flux that fall in the field. In this article we explore the ensemble behavior
of photometric and position accuracies for different PSFs, pixel scales, and
dithering patterns. We find that the average uncertainty in the flux
determination depends slightly on dither strategy, whereas the position
determination can be strongly dependent on the dithering. For cases with pixels
much larger than the PSF, the uncertainty distributions can be non-Gaussian,
with rms values that are particularly sensitive to the dither strategy. We also
find that for these configurations with large pixels, pointings dithered by a
fractional pixel amount do not always give minimal average uncertainties; this
is in contrast to image reconstruction for which fractional dithers are
optimal. When fractional pixel dithering is favored, a pointing accuracy of
better than pixel width is required to maintain half the advantage
over random dithers
A ’Millipede’ scanner model - Energy consumption and performance
This short report (1) describes an energy model for the seek and read/write operations in a mass-balanced Y-scanner for parallel-probe storage by IBM [1] and (2) updates the settings of the MEMS model in DiskSim with recent published figures from this XY-scanner. To speedup system simulations, a straight forward second-order model is used without control loop. Read/write operation is modeled by quasi-static calculations. To approximate seek behavior, ’bang-bang’ control is assumed; the result is close to the actual behavior with control loop [2]. Unfortunately, no energy measurements were available to validate the model. Using the proposed energy model, we are able to study the energy consumption of a MEMS-based storage device for different application areas and file systems
Effective Field Theories in Nuclear Particle and Atomic Physics
These are the proceedings of the workshop on ``Effective Field Theories in
Nuclear, Particle and Atomic Physics'' held at the Physikzentrum Bad Honnef of
the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft, Bad Honnef, Germany from December 13
to 17, 2005. The workshop concentrated on Effective Field Theory in many
contexts. A first part was concerned with Chiral Perturbation Theory in its
various settings and explored strongly its use in relation with lattice QCD.
The second part consisted of progress in effective field theories in systems
with one, two or more nucleons as well as atomic physics. Included are a short
contribution per talk.Comment: 56 pages, mini proceedings of the 337. WE-Heraeus-Seminar "Effective
Field Theories in Nuclear Particle and Atomic Physics," Physikzentrum Bad
Honnef, Bad Honnef, Germany, December 13 -- 17, 200
Finite-Blocklength Bounds on the Maximum Coding Rate of Rician Fading Channels with Applications to Pilot-Assisted Transmission
We present nonasymptotic bounds on the maximum coding rate achievable over a
Rician block-fading channel for a fixed packet size and a fixed packet error
probability. Our bounds, which apply to the scenario where no a priori channel
state information is available at the receiver, allow one to quantify the
tradeoff between the rate gains resulting from the exploitation of
time-frequency diversity and the rate loss resulting from fast channel
variations and pilot-symbol overhead
Signature of a universal statistical description for drift-wave plasma turbulence
This Letter provides a theoretical interpretation of numerically generated
probability density functions (PDFs) of intermittent plasma transport events.
Specifically, nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations of ion-temperature-gradient
turbulence produce time series of heat flux which exhibit manifestly
non-Gaussian PDFs with enhanced tails. It is demonstrated that, after the
removal of autocorrelations, the numerical PDFs can be matched with predictions
from a fluid theoretical setup, based on the instanton method. This result
points to a universality in the modeling of intermittent stochastic process,
offering predictive capability.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
On the Accuracy of Equivalent Antenna Representations
The accuracy of two equivalent antenna representations, near-field sources
and far-field sources, are evaluated for an antenna installed on a simplified
platform in a series of case studies using different configurations of
equivalent antenna representations. The accuracy is evaluated in terms of
installed far-fields and surface currents on the platform. The results show
large variations between configurations. The root-mean-square installed
far-field error is 4.4% for the most accurate equivalent representation. When
using far-field sources, the design parameters have a large influence of the
achieved accuracy. There is also a varying accuracy depending on the type of
numerical method used. Based on the results, some recommendations on the choice
of sub-domain for the equivalent antenna representation are given. In
industrial antenna applications, the accuracy in determining e.g. installed
far-fields and antenna isolation on large platforms are critical. Equivalent
representations can reduce the fine-detail complexity of antennas and thus give
an efficient numerical descriptions to be used in large-scale simulations. The
results in this paper can be used as a guideline by antenna designers or system
engineers when using equivalent sources
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FARM SIZE AND THE TECHNICAL INEFFICIENCY OF PRODUCTION OF WHEAT FARMERS IN THE EASTERN FREE STATE
Some comments are required to put in perspective the results obtained by Ngwenya, Battese and Fleming (1997). In particular, it is necessary to examine their main conclusion that in 1988/89 there was a significant inverse relationship between the technical inefficiency of wheat farmers in the Eastern Free State and farm size, because this is in direct contrast with the findings of Van Zyl, Binswanger and Thirtle (1995) who used the same dataset.Crop Production/Industries,
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