Perfil Característico de Indicadores de Aptidão Física de Participantes do Jocoara/2003

O conhecimento do comportamento da aptidão física tem sido observado em diferentes âmbitos como academias, clínicas, clubes e escolas, com objetivos variados, desde detecção de talentos a estabelecimento de perfis para a população. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho visa conhecer perfil de indicadores de aptidão física de indivíduos de diversas faixas etárias praticantes das modalidades de atletismo, futsal e handebol, masculino e feminino. As unidades observacionais constituíram-se de participantes dos Jogos Colegiais de Araraquara / JOCOARA (220 do sexo masculino e, 120 feminino). A avaliação física foi executada antes do início das partidas, no próprio local das competições, envolvendo as seguintes variáveis: i) idade; ii) peso e estatura; iii) flexibilidade, utilizando Banco de Wells; iv) impulsão vertical, segundo protocolo Jump Test e v) agilidade, pelo teste de Shuttle Run. A homogeneidade dos procedimentos de coleta foi preservada pela adoção dos mesmos examinadores, sempre submetido a supervisão direta e proximal. Os resultados obtidos são apreciados na perspectiva descritiva apresentados sob forma tabular e discutidos de acordo com achados da literatura

Utilização da discriminação grafica de Fisher para indicação dos dermatoglifos como referencial de potencialidade de atletas de basquetebol

Orientador: Carlos Roberto PadovaniTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação FisicaDoutorad

Monitoring and Behavior of Biomotor Skills in Futsal Athletes During a Season

Futsal is a sport that presents alternation of high and low intensity moments, which lacks investigations regarding the effects of the organization of the training load on biomotor skills. In this sense, this study aims to verify the monitoring of the training load throughout the season and the behavior of biomotor skills in futsal athletes. Twelve futsal athletes (24.5 ± 4.9 years, 1.79 ± 0.6 m, 72.4 ± 9.4 kg, and 9.4 ± 4.3% fat) from the adult category who competed in the first division of the Paulista championship participated in the study. Throughout the season the internal training load (ITL) was calculated, through the relationship between volume (minutes) and the rate of perceived exertion (RPE), monotony, and training strain. The training periods were divided into: preparatory, competitive and competitive II, for a total of four moments of evaluation: M1: at the beginning of the preparatory period; M2: 5th week, at the end of the preparatory period; M3: 13th week, in the middle of the competitive period; and M4: at the start of the competitive period II. The tests used were: (i) Power of lower limbs: counter movement jump (CMJ); (ii) Displacement speed, over the 10-meter distance (V10m); and (iii) Aerobic power, by the Carminatti test (T-CAR). The variables analyzed were compared at the different moments of evaluation, normally distributed variables (Volume, S-RPE, strain, and monotony) were analyzed using the ANOVA ONE-WAY variance test followed by the Tukey. Variables that did not show normality (lower limb power, speed, and aerobic power) were compared using the Friedman test followed by Dunn's multiple comparisons test and was presented by median and interquartile interval. The significance value adopted was p < 0.05. A significant improvement (p < 0.05) was observed in the power of lower limbs from M1 (37.5 ± 5.5 cm) to M3 (40.8 ± 5.7 cm), from M2 (38.9 ± 5.5 cm) to M3 (40.8 ± 5.7 cm), and from M1 (37.5 ± 5.5 cm) to M4 (40.2 ± 5.4 cm). Aerobic power showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) from M1 (12.1 ± 0.7 km/h) to M3 (12.7 ± 7 km/h) and from M1 (12.1 ± 0.7 km/h) to M4 (12.73 ± 1.04 km/h). The internal training load showed a difference between competitive I and II in relation to the preparatory period (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the proposed training organization was sufficient to improve the power of the lower limbs and the aerobic power

Elastic explosive strength alterations in young soccer players in preparatory stage

The explosive strength has been pointed as one of physical capacities present in decisive moments in soccer game. So, the aim of this study was to verify possible alterations in elastic explosive strength performance in ten young soccer players (16.54 ± 0.54 years; 73.10 ± 8.36 kg; 178.10 ± 7.67 cm). During the match in preparatory stage to championship, the elastic explosive strength was evaluated by vertical jump with countermovement aid from arms (CMJa), using contact plataform Jump Test® in 3 moments: before, in the interval and after game. BioEstat 5.0 software produced information in descriptive plan (mean and standard deviation) and in the inferential, Anova one-way for differences between moments and post hoc de Tukey’s for multiple comparisons (p\u3c0.01). The main results indicate values 47.98 ± 4.61 cm before game, 46.46 ± 3.20 cm in the interval and 44.99 ± 3.71 cm after the game. In relation to collected data before game, it was observed a performance fall about 3.3% in elastic explosive strength in the interval and 6.6% after game (p\u3c0.01). These results shoed to be related with competitive actions sequence performed by soccer players during the match. From above, the used methodology seems to properly identify alterations that occur during matches, as an important indicator to monitoring and controlling training

General modeling of vertical jump height with countermovement aids from arms (CMJa) and Squat Jump (SJ) techniques for young soccer players

In the training of youngest soccer players, the knowledge of components of the explosive strength power as the contractile, elastic series and parallel series is fundamental in the sports preparation. Consequently, it is important to seek general models used as parameter for athletes, whether with morphofunctional characteristics, of sports preparation aspects or structure of competitive activity. So, this study aimed to seek an general model of vertical jump height with countermovement aids from arms (CMJa) and Squat Jump (SJ) techniques for young soccer players. Participants were 164 young soccer players (17.42±1.06 years) of juvenile and junior championship of Soccer Paulista Federation in 2008. They executed the vertical jump with countermovement aids from arms (CMJa) and Squat Jump (SJ) techniques. It was used software and contact plataform Jump Test® for the calculation of the height of the jump CMJa (elastic component in series) and SJ (contractile component). It is worthy to know that for SJ the number of athletes was 88. Then the data was kept in computational bank and it was produced descriptive information (mean and standard deviation). The main results showed values of 32.82±4.02 cm for CMJa and 42.97±4.53 cm for SJ. Finally, the general model presented can serve as a parameter for the juvenile and junior categories in soccer

Evaluation of neuromuscular indicators in volleyball players in different periodization stages

The understanding of athletes’ physical capacities in collective modalities during the training stages is important in the organization of sports preparation. So points up, the skeletal muscle adaptation capacity to systematized training is resulting mostly by neuromuscular alterations. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of a training program on neuromuscular variables, in volleyball athletes, in differents periodization stages. Participated of the study 12 women volleyball athletes, with 18.92±0.76 years, at least two years staff volleyball participation. The total training period was 40 weeks and after initial evaluation clinic and anthropometric, the volunteers were submitted to speed resistance test protocol to determined maximum, average and minimum power, using Forward-Backward (Borin et al, 2003) test, in different moments of periodization: Preparatory stage (M1); Pre-competitive (M2); Competitive-I (M3) and Competitive-II (M4). The collected data were kept in computational bank and produced information in descriptive way (measures of centrality and dispersion) and for inferential (variance analyses for the model with a supplemented factor with the test of multiple comparisons of Tukey). With respect to average power, there was a increase from M1 (53.95±6.85 w) to M2 (61.16±10.32 w), and then a decrease in M3 (58.98±8.64 w); finally a increase in M4 (61.84±7.14 w). The results indicate that there were positive changes in the average power during the training, pointing to the highest values in important stages of the periodization, the competitive phase

O ciclo menstrual tem influência sob a flexibilidade de mulheres treinadas e sedentárias?

Introdução: A literatura acerca do desempenho da flexibilidade e sua relação com o ciclo menstrual é controversa, uma vez que as pesquisas avaliam diferentes populações. Objetivo: comparar o desempenho físico entre mulheres sedentárias e treinadas para a capacidade de flexibilidade durante as fases de dois ciclos menstruais e verificar se o desempenho de fases iguais sofre alterações de um ciclo para o outro. Metodologia: durante dois ciclos menstruais 12 voluntárias divididas nos grupos treinadas: G1 (n=6) e sedentárias: G2 (n=6) participaram de um protocolo de treinamento específico para flexibilidade e foram avaliadas quanto ao desempenho em flexibilidade pelo teste de sentar e alcançar no banco de Wells a cada fase dos ciclos menstruais. Resultados e discussão: O G1 obteve maior desempenho do que o G2 em todas as fases analisadas. Não houve diferença no desempenho entre as fases dos ciclos menstruais avaliados para nenhum dos grupos, além disso, o desempenho entre fases iguais nos diferentes ciclos manteve-se estável. Conclusão: mulheres treinadas em flexibilidade tem melhor desempenho nessa capacidade motora do que mulheres sedentárias e que o desempenho em flexibilidade não é afetado pelo ciclo menstrual em mulheres treinadas em flexibilidade e sedentárias

Efeito do treinamento de resistência de força no sistema neuromuscular em atletas de voleibol

Este estudo objetiva investigar as adaptacoes neuromusculares de programa de treinamento de forca em 9 atletas de voleibol, do sexo feminino - categoria adulta. Durante 11 semanas, as atletas foram submetidas a treinamento de resistencia de forca e avaliadas no início (M1) e final (M2) do periodo. Os dados coletados foram analisados no plano descritivo por meio de medidas de centralidade e dispersao e no inferencial teste T de Student. Os principais resultados apontam diferenca significante, na forca explosiva de membros inferiores e superiores e, na potencia media (W)

Genetic Aspects Of Athletic Performance: The African Runners Phenomenon.

The current dominance of African runners in long-distance running is an intriguing phenomenon that highlights the close relationship between genetics and physical performance. Many factors in the interesting interaction between genotype and phenotype (eg, high cardiorespiratory fitness, higher hemoglobin concentration, good metabolic efficiency, muscle fiber composition, enzyme profile, diet, altitude training, and psychological aspects) have been proposed in the attempt to explain the extraordinary success of these runners. Increasing evidence shows that genetics may be a determining factor in physical and athletic performance. But, could this also be true for African long-distance runners? Based on this question, this brief review proposed the role of genetic factors (mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid, the Y chromosome, and the angiotensin-converting enzyme and the alpha-actinin-3 genes) in the amazing athletic performance observed in African runners, especially the Kenyans and Ethiopians, despite their environmental constraints.5123-