Culture and Compliance:Evidence from the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme

I study the role of culture in firms’ compliance decisions in the context of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme, an international regulation implemented in multiple countries with different levels of cultural indicators. To probe causality, I look within countries and exploit the differences in the locations of central headquarters of multinational firms. Using trust as a main cultural indicator, this exercise reveals that installations owned by firms headquartered in high-trust countries were more likely to comply with the regulation than those owned by firms headquartered in low-trust countries, even when they operated in the same geographic area. Using other relevant indicators of culture such as morality and civic virtue yields similar results, which suggests that culture, measured by several indicators, exerts influence on the compliance behavior of firms

Firm Heterogeneity, Industry Dynamics and Climate Policy

We develop a dynamic general equilibrium model to quantify the interaction between climate policy, industry dynamics, and the elasticity of substitution between clean and dirty energy in the economy. The model incorporates empirical observations that firms differ substantially in their potential for energy substitution and that the economy is growing more capable of substituting clean for dirty energy over time as environmental regulation becomes more stringent. Our model highlights the effect of dynamic industry response on increasing the average elasticity of substitution in the economy due to the exit of least flexible firms in response to climate policy. The higher average elasticity of substitution increases the effectiveness of the policy at reducing emissions, resulting in a 35 percent decrease in the size of the carbon tax required to achieve carbon neutrality

Firm Heterogeneity, Industry Dynamics and Climate Policy

We develop a dynamic general equilibrium model to quantify the interaction between climate policy, industry dynamics, and the elasticity of substitution between clean and dirty energy in the economy. The model incorporates empirical observations that firms differ substantially in their potential for energy substitution and that the economy is growing more capable of substituting clean for dirty energy over time as environmental regulation becomes more stringent. Our model highlights the effect of dynamic industry response on increasing the average elasticity of substitution in the economy due to the exit of least flexible firms in response to climate policy. The higher average elasticity of substitution increases the effectiveness of the policy at reducing emissions, resulting in a 35 percent decrease in the size of the carbon tax required to achieve carbon neutrality.<br/

Between the Fantastic and the Phantasmagoric in Crônica Da Casa Assassinada

This paper aims to establish relations between the fantastic realism and the representation of commodities fetish procedure described by Karl Marx The proposal is to show the fantastic representation can drive to phantasmagoric deepen more the knowledge about the social reality By Cr nica da Casa Assassinada it will be possible to develop a materialist analyze which conceive the literary art as able to represent the objet as a new perspective and as recognition on the first aspect the experiment can be tuition for what was known in face of a new characterization However it does not make art something uncritical on the contrary revels its shades whose origins are in the society organizatio

Essays in environmental and cultural economics

This thesis approaches the global cooperation problem of climate change mitigation from a cultural standpoint. The research is inspired by the observation that voluntary efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions exist and more interestingly that there is heterogeneity in the level of voluntary action across countries. To what extent could this be explained by cultural differences? In Chapter 1, I argue the within-country culture of cooperation sustained by trust – the expectation that a random member of society is trustworthy – positively affects cooperative behavior in the international arena via reputation effects. I theoretically motivate this hypothesis and provide empirical evidence that countries associated with high trust have reduced greenhouse gas emissions more substantially than countries that display low levels of social trust. I further explore this line of argument in Chapter 2 by looking at how trust affects compliance. This chapter provides empirical evidence that trust facilitates firms’ compliance decisions in an international climate change regulation (EU ETS), which makes enforcement less costly in high-trust countries. In Chapter 3, I turn my attention to potential determinants of trust. The paper focuses on the effect of migration on trust among neighbors in the context of Mexico. The findings suggest that migration negatively affects the formation of trust between individuals due to the expected short-term nature of the relationship

Relat?rio de est?gio de mestrado desenvolvido na equipa de futebol feminino da Associa??o Desportiva e Cultural da Correlh?

Relat?rio de est?gio apresentado para obten??o do grau de Mestre em Treino Desportivo, na Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer do Instituto Polit?cnico de Viana do Castelo.Este relat?rio surge no ?mbito da realiza??o de est?gio integrado no Mestrado em Treino Desportivo na Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer de Melga?o. O est?gio est? integrado no ciclo de estudos, referente ao segundo ano de mestrado, e ? um requisito para a obten??o do grau de mestre e do t?tulo de n?vel II de treinador de futebol. O local de est?gio foi a ADC Correlh?, onde desempenhei os pap?is de treinador adjunto e preparador f?sico na equipa s?nior feminina. A escolha do local de est?gio foi com a expectativa de ir de encontro aos meus objetivos. Como objetivo principal deste est?gio pretendia desempenhar um papel dentro da equipa em que estivesse inserido na equipa t?cnica, a desempenhar fun??es de planeamento e estrutura dos treinos e da competi??o ao longo da ?poca. Foram-me assim atribu?das v?rias tarefas para a presente temporada, dentro das fun??es assumidas tais como, por exemplo, o planeamento da sess?o de treino em conjunto com a equipa t?cnica, controlo dos aquecimentos pr?-treino e pr?-jogo e a lideran?a da equipa na aus?ncia do treinador. Estas tarefas que me foram atribu?das, foram de encontro com as minhas expectativas, uma vez que me permitiam tomar as minhas pr?prias decis?es e assim crescer com o sucesso ou insucesso das mesmas, ao mesmo tempo que estava inserido no contexto e percebia melhor formas diferentes de trabalhar. Este est?gio permitiu-me tamb?m desenvolver aptid?es como, por exemplo, a lideran?a, o planeamento e estrutura??o de treino e tomada de decis?o, sendo estas aptid?es importantes para o crescimento pessoal e profissional enquanto treinador de futebol. O facto do contexto ser de futebol feminino fez-me tamb?m perceber algumas diferen?as e semelhan?as com o contexto de futebol masculino, o que fez com que o crescimento fosse ainda maior, criando ainda mais oportunidades no futuro. Por ?ltimo referir que o facto de desempenhar duas fun??es na equipa t?cnica diferentes da de treinador principal, ajudou-me a perceber e compreender melhor ambos estes pap?is dentro de uma equipa t?cnica, para que no futuro possa tirar o melhor rendimento da minha pr?pria equipa t?cnica

Filtros DGSs baseados na geometria matrioska

Nesta pesquisa ? investigado o desenvolvimento de filtros planares utilizando estruturas com modifica??o no plano terra, DGS, baseados na geometria matrioska, caracterizados pela miniaturiza??o (redu??o da frequ?ncia de resson?ncia) e seletividade (filtros DGS-matrioska). Foram fabricados e caracterizados quatorze filtros DGS-matrioska, considerando diferentes dimens?es, n?mero de an?is, an?is fechados e an?is abertos, assimilando as caracter?sticas da geometria matrioska, incluindo as equa??es iniciais de projeto, seus princ?pios b?sicos e aplica??es. A aplicabilidade das equa??es iniciais de projeto e confirma??o das caracter?sticas da geometria matrioska foram observados e os resultados num?ricos e experimentais para os filtros DGS-matrioska, apresentaram uma boa concord?ncia, confirmando as caracter?sticas esperadas

Entre figurantes e antagonistas: os kaingang no enredo da demarca??o da terra ind?gena Ira?-RS

The present work discusses how the concepts of progress and modernity were used to try to prevent the demarcation of the Indigenous Land by Kaingang people from Ira?. The discourses invested against the Kaingang were based on the rhetoric that Indians weren?t in their traditional territory and promoted the deforestation and the pollution of the hot springs - an important natural resource commercially exploited by tourism. However, to understand historically the process in which these discourses arose, it?s necessary to analyze the airport construction in Ira? city ? over traditional indigenous territory ? and the historical and economic framework associated with it. Beside this, the emergence of the indigenous movement to demarcate its territory reflected in the proposition of a lawsuit by entities that called themselves environmentalists, to prevent the demarcation of indigenous land. This process, as well as some articles published in newspapers, especially the newspaper Zero Hora, were used as main sources of this research. As hypothesis, it?s accepted that the preservationist discourses were triggered from the Kaingang movement for demarcation, with the intention to hiding the real motive: to prevent the demarcation of the Kaingang de Ira? Indigenous Land, and to maintain commercial exploitation of the hot springs by political agents and private companies interested in the profits from this tourist activity.O presente trabalho discute como os conceitos de progresso e modernidade foram usados para tentar impedir a demarca??o da Terra Ind?gena Kaingang de Ira?. Os discursos investidos contra os Kaingang sustentaram-se na ret?rica de que os ind?genas n?o estavam em seu territ?rio tradicional e promoviam o desmatamento e a polui??o das fontes termais ? importante recurso natural explorado comercialmente pela atividade tur?stica. Entretanto, para compreender historicamente o processo em que esses discursos surgiram, ? preciso analisar a constru??o do aeroporto em Ira? ? sobre territ?rio tradicional ind?gena ? e o quadro hist?rico e econ?mico a ele associado. Al?m disso, a emerg?ncia do movimento ind?gena para demarca??o do seu territ?rio refletiu na proposi??o de uma a??o judicial por parte de entidades que se diziam ambientalistas para impedir a demarca??o da terra ind?gena. Esse processo, bem como algumas mat?rias publicadas em jornais, especialmente o jornal Zero Hora, foram usadas como principais fontes dessa pesquisa. Como hip?tese, admite-se que os discursos preservacionistas foram acionados a partir do movimento Kaingang para demarca??o, com a inten??o de ocultar o real motivo: impedir a demarca??o da Terra Ind?gena Kaingang de Ira? e manter a explora??o comercial das fontes termais por agentes pol?ticos e privados, interessados nos lucros provenientes dessa atividade tur?stica