Preparation of Highly Dispersed Pd-Supported Catalysts for Hydrogenation Processes by Microemulsion Method

Preparation of nano-dispersed palladium particles on alumina support is described here using reverse microemulsion (water-in-oil) method. This synthesis protocol leads to a narrow Pd particle size distribution with particles of average size, which were significantly smaller compared to those prepared by classical impregnation method. It is shown that the particle size could be effectively controlled both by the microemulsion chemical composition such as concentration of PdCl2 and the water/surfactant molar ratio and by the catalyst reduction process. Under the optimal reaction conditions, a Pd/Al2O3 catalyst with a homogeneous distribution of Pd particles of average size ~2.2 nm was obtained

Alone in a Crowd: Charles Baudelaire and 20th-Century and Contemporary Art

Samota uprostřed davu: Charles Baudelaire a umění 20. století a současnosti Disertační práce s názvem Samota uprostřed davu se věnuje vlivu osobnosti a díla básníka Charlese Baudelaira na umění dvacátého století a současnosti. Vzhledem k oboru studia se jedná především o výtvarné umění, ale ve velké míře je zahrnuta také literatura, hudba, filosofie a film. Práce je rozdělena do čtyř hlavních kapitol. Kapitola Vnitřní poselství blíže seznamuje s básníkovým životem, jeho rodinou a blízkými lidmi, stejně jako s Baudelairovou sbírkou básní Květy zla. Témata zla, ošklivosti, strachu a smrti i téma vztahu k matce, otci a ženám se v přímé či nepřímé návaznosti objevují u umělců dvacátého století i současnosti, z nichž v této kapitole figurují Félicien Rops, James Ensor, Edvard Munch, Hans Bellmer, Francis Bacon, Joel-Peter Witkin, Kurt Cobain, členové skupiny Young British Artist, Lars von Trier a další. Druhá kapitola se věnuje teorii korespondencí, na osobnost švédského filosofa Emanuela Swedenborga a jeho následovníka Williama Blakea navazuje Baudelairovo chápání smyslových a duchovních korespondencí, jehož principy osobitým způsobem přebírají osobnosti moderního umění. Třetí kapitola s názvem Na okraji společnosti zpracovává především fenomén prokletí, baudelairovský spleen a téma osamocení a nudy....Alone in a Crowd: Charles Baudelaire and 20th-Century and Contemporary Art The dissertation called Alone in a Crowd explores the influence of the poet Charles Baudelaire's personality and work on 20th-century and contemporary art. Due to the field of study, the main focus is on the visual arts, but literature, music, philosophy, and film are also included to a large extent. This dissertation is divided into four substantive chapters. The first chapter, The Inner Message, introduces the poet's life, his family and acquaintances, as well as Baudelaire's poetry collection The Flowers of Evil. Themes of evil, ugliness, fear, death, and even a relationship to their mother, father and women are common for 20th-century and contemporary artists. This chapter presents Félicien Rops, James Ensor, Edvard Munch, Hans Bellmer, Francis Bacon, Joel-Peter Witkin, Kurt Cobain, members of the Young British Artists group, Lars von Trier, and others. The second chapter pursues the correspondence theory. The character of the Swedish philosopher Emanuel Swedenborg and his successor, William Blake, is followed by Baudelaire's understanding of sensual and spiritual correspondences, as his principles are adopted by modern artists in a distinct manner. The third chapter called "On the Edge of Society" covers the curse...Ústav pro dějiny uměníInstitute of Art HistoryFaculty of ArtsFilozofická fakult

Precipitated K-promoted Co-Mn-Al mixed oxides for direct NO decomposition: Preparation and properties

Direct decomposition of nitric oxide (NO) proceeds over Co-Mn-Al mixed oxides promoted by potassium. In this study, answers to the following questions have been searched: Do the properties of the K-promoted Co-Mn-Al catalysts prepared by different methods differ from each other? The K-precipitated Co-Mn-Al oxide catalysts were prepared by the precipitation of metal nitrates with a solution of K2CO3/KOH, followed by the washing of the precipitate to different degrees of residual K amounts, and by cthe alcination of the precursors at 500 degrees C. The properties of the prepared catalysts were compared with those of the best catalyst prepared by the K-impregnation of a wet cake of Co-Mn-Al oxide precursors. The solids were characterized by chemical analysis, DTG, XRD, N-2 physisorption, FTIR, temperature programmed reduction (H-2-TPR), temperature programmed CO2 desorption (CO2-TPD), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), and the species-resolved thermal alkali desorption method (SR-TAD). The washing of the K-precipitated cake resulted in decreasing the K amount in the solid, which affected the basicity, reducibility, and non-linearly catalytic activity in NO decomposition. The highest activity was found at ca 8 wt.% of K, while that of the best K-impregnated wet cake catalyst was at about 2 wt.% of K. The optimization of the cake washing conditions led to a higher catalytic activity.Web of Science97art. no. 59

Co-Mn-Al mixed oxides promoted by K for direct NO decomposition: Effect of preparation parameters

Fundamental research on direct NO decomposition is still needed for the design of a sufficiently active, stable and selective catalyst. Co-based mixed oxides promoted by alkali metals are promising catalysts for direct NO decomposition, but which parameters play the key role in NO decomposition over mixed oxide catalysts? How do applied preparation conditions affect the obtained catalyst's properties? Co4MnAlOx mixed oxides promoted by potassium calcined at various conditions were tested for direct NO decomposition with the aim to determine their activity, stability and selectivity. The catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation of the corresponding nitrates and subsequently promoted by KNO3. The catalysts were characterized by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS)/inductive coupled plasma (ICP), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), XRD, N-2 physisorption, temperature programmed desorption of CO2 (TPD-CO2), temperature programmed reduction by hydrogen (TPR-H-2), species-resolved thermal alkali desorption (SR-TAD), work function measurement and STEM. The preparation procedure affects physico-chemical properties of the catalysts, especially those that are associated with the potassium promoter presence. The addition of K is essential for catalytic activity, as it substantially affects the catalyst reducibility and basicity-key properties of a deNO catalyst. However, SR-TAD revealed that potassium migration, redistribution and volatilization are strongly dependent on the catalyst calcination temperature-higher calcination temperature leads to potassium stabilization. It also caused the formation of new phases and thus affected the main properties-S-BET, crystallinity and residual potassium amount.Web of Science97art. no. 59

K-modified Co-Mn-Al mixed oxide-effect of calcination temperature on N2O conversion in the presence of H2O and NOx

The effect of calcination temperature (500-700 degrees C) on physico-chemical properties and catalytic activity of 2 wt. % K/Co-Mn-Al mixed oxide for N2O decomposition was investigated. Catalysts were characterized by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), temperature-programmed reduction by hydrogen (TPR-H-2), temperature-programmed desorption of CO2 (TPD-CO2), temperature-programmed desorption of NO (TPD-NO), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) and N-2 physisorption. It was found that the increase in calcination temperature caused gradual crystallization of Co-Mn-Al mixed oxide, which manifested itself in the decrease in Co2+/Co3+ and Mn3+/Mn4+ surface molar ratio, the increase in mean crystallite size leading to lowering of specific surface area and poorer reducibility. Higher surface K content normalized per unit surface led to the increase in surface basicity and adsorbed NO per unit surface. The effect of calcination temperature on catalytic activity was significant mainly in the presence of NOx, as the optimal calcination temperature of 500 degrees C is necessary to ensure sufficient low surface basicity, leading to the highest catalytic activity. Observed NO inhibition was caused by the formation of surface mononitrosyl species bonded to tetrahedral metal sites or nitrite species, which are stable at reaction temperatures up to 450 degrees C and block active sites for N2O decomposition.Web of Science1010art. no. 113

Utilization of Ammonium Alum for Manufacture of a Fertilizer.

Utilization of ammonium alum for preparation of a Ca-N-S fertilizer and elimination of thalium from the alum

Direct Decomposition of NO Over Co-Mn-Al Mixed Oxides: Effect of Ce and/or K Promotors.

In this contribution, the effect of K and/or Ce on activity of Co-Mn-Al mixed oxides was stud-ied, as presence of Ce could increase mobility of oxygen in the transition metals oxides.\

Příspěvek k problematice psychické zátěže zdravotních sester na hemodialýzách

Katedra psychologieFilozofická fakult

Gates to the unknown: the theme of doors and gates in art from ancient times to the 20th century

The thesis Gates to the Unknown is concerned with the theme of doors and gates in art, spanning the time from ancient civilizations through the 20th century. In the times of Ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome funerary art prevails, with doors depicted on tombs and sarcophagi. A great deal of emphasis is placed on the biblical parables and scenes where the doors symbol occurs, containing a certain message. The scenes include for instance the Virgin Annunciate and the Last Judgement with its gates of Eden and Hell. The thesis also examines the changes in the concept of doors in the era of the Renaissance, Baroque and Classicism, where we meet the doors motif as a part of tombstones again. In these eras, as well as in 19th century art, the symbolism of doors slightly steps back. An individual part of the thesis follows doors and gateways in paintings of the 15-17th century Dutch masters, and their interiors full of mostly open doors that carry hidden meanings. The symbolism and a different understanding of the element of doors became widespread in 20th century art. From this period there have been selected pieces of artists such as René Magritte, 5 Marcel Duchamp and Salvador Dalí, but also artwork of the Czech artists, Jakub Schikaneder and Frantińek Muzika. In the whole thesis there is an emphasis on the..

Co-Mn Mixed Oxides Preared by Magnetron Sputtering on Meshes as Catalysts for Oxidation of Organic Compounds.

The catalysts with various Mn content were examined by XRD, SEM, FUR. XPS, and Ih-TPR. tested in the gas-phase oxidation of model organic compound (ethanol) and compared with pelletized commercial Co-Mn- Al mixed oxide catalyst (Astin 2-100, Czech Republic, Co:Mn:Al molar ratio of 4:1:1 )