Data on eleven sesquiterpenoids from the cultured mycelia of Ganoderma capense

The data included in this paper are associated with the research article entitled “Sesquiterpenoids from the cultured mycelia of Ganoderma capense” [1]. 1H NMR, 13C NMR, DEPT, HSQC, 1H–1H COSY, HMBC, NOESY, HRESIMS, and IR spectra of Ganodermanol A–H (1–11), together with Mo2(AcO)4-induced CD spectrum of Ganodermanol A, CD spectra of Ganodermanol D–E were included in the Data in Brief article. In addition, the cytotoxicities and anti-HIV-1 activity of isolated compounds were also included in the Data in Brief article

Drying kinetics and attributes of fructus aurantii processed by hot air thin-layer drying at different temperatures

The primary objectives of this study were to evaluate the drying kinetics of Fructus Aurantii (FA), and to investigate how hot air drying at various temperatures affected the surface texture and sensory quality of the volatile fragrance components. The results were best simulated by the Overhults model, and use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Heracles Neo ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose technology allowed for detection of changes in surface roughness and aromatic odors. The limonene content varied from 74.1% to 84.2% depending on the drying temperature, which ranged from 35°C to 75 °C. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the aromatic compound profile underwent considerable changes during the drying process. Overall, the present findings demonstrate that hot air thin-layer drying at 55 °C can significantly enhance the final quality of FA while preserving the taste properties and providing optimum medicinal and culinary characteristics

Hypoglycemic effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract and its mechanism prediction based on network pharmacology

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, which poses a serious threat to human health. Moringa oleifera Lam is a medicinal and edible plant with various physiological functions. However, its main hypoglycemic components and mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, network pharmacology and bioinformatics were used to analyze the potential bioactive substances of M. oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) and its hypoglycemic mechanism. Studies have shown that MOLE has the effect of increasing glucose consumption in insulin resistant-HepG2 cells. MOLE was found to contain 975 compounds by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). Network pharmacology analysis indicated that the main active component was robinetin and the identified core genes were AKT1 and GAPDH. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the hypoglycemic effect of MOLE may be closely related to the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. This study revealed the possible active components and mechanisms of action of M. oleifera for hypoglycemia, laying the theoretical foundation for subsequent studies

Comparison of novel oncology drugs that received dual approval from the US accelerated approval and EU conditional marketing authorisation pathways, 2006–2021: a cross-sectional study

Objective We aimed to provide insight into differences in drug review decisions made by the US Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) accelerated approval (AA) pathway and the European Medicines Agency’s (EMA) conditional marketing authorisation (CMA) pathway, and to add to the current knowledge base of drug approval processes.Design, setting, participants This cross-sectional study thoroughly examines novel oncology drugs with dual approval through FDA AA and EMA CMA between 2006 and 2021. Statistical analysis was performed from June to July 2022.Primary and secondary outcome measures The study examined the regulatory differences between regions for dually approved novel oncology drugs, including approval decisions, pivotal efficacy clinical trials, speed of review and postmarketing obligations.Results During this time period, there was a difference in the use of the FDA AA and the EMA CMA (FDA: EMA: 41.2%: 70.0%, p<0.05). Of the 25 drugs approved by both the FDA AA and the EMA CMA, 22 (88.0%) of the regulatory decisions were based on the same pivotal clinical trials. But there were more differences in the requirements for postmarketing obligations, with the EMA’s postmarketing obligations focusing on the efficacy and safety of the drug (EMA: FDA: 63.0%: 27.0%, p＜0.05) and the FDA’s postmarketing obligations focusing more on the efficacy (FDA: EMA: 73.0%: 23.9%, p＜0.05). In addition, both the USA and EU had some postmarketing obligations completed beyond the schedule (30.4% and 19.2% in the USA and EU, respectively), with the longest delays lasting 3.7 years (0.2–3.7 years) and 3.3 years (0.04–3.3 years) in the USA and EU, respectively.Conclusions The FDA and EMA have different orientations and benefit–risk balance considerations in the use of AA or CMA. It is also the case that the shortcomings in the design and implementation of postmarketing studies have made it a challenge to obtain the evidence needed to confirm a drug’s benefits

Two Furanharzianones with 4/7/5/6/5 Ring System from Microbial Transformation of Harzianone

Furanharzianones A and B (<b>2</b> and <b>3</b>), two new harziane-type diterpenoids with a tetrahydrofuran and unusual 4/7/5/6/5 ring system, were obtained from the microbial transformation of harzianone (<b>1</b>) by a bacterial strain <i>Bacillus</i> sp. IMM-006. The structures, including the stereochemistry, of the two new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configuration of <b>2</b> was unambiguously determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In addition, a plausible bioconversion pathway was proposed

Two Furanharzianones with 4/7/5/6/5 Ring System from Microbial Transformation of Harzianone

Furanharzianones A and B (<b>2</b> and <b>3</b>), two new harziane-type diterpenoids with a tetrahydrofuran and unusual 4/7/5/6/5 ring system, were obtained from the microbial transformation of harzianone (<b>1</b>) by a bacterial strain <i>Bacillus</i> sp. IMM-006. The structures, including the stereochemistry, of the two new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configuration of <b>2</b> was unambiguously determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In addition, a plausible bioconversion pathway was proposed