Possible Luttinger liquid behavior of edge transport in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide crystals.

In atomically-thin two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors, the nonuniformity in current flow due to its edge states may alter and even dictate the charge transport properties of the entire device. However, the influence of the edge states on electrical transport in 2D materials has not been sufficiently explored to date. Here, we systematically quantify the edge state contribution to electrical transport in monolayer MoS2/WSe2 field-effect transistors, revealing that the charge transport at low temperature is dominated by the edge conduction with the nonlinear behavior. The metallic edge states are revealed by scanning probe microscopy, scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy and first-principle calculations. Further analyses demonstrate that the edge-state dominated nonlinear transport shows a universal power-law scaling relationship with both temperature and bias voltage, which can be well explained by the 1D Luttinger liquid theory. These findings demonstrate the Luttinger liquid behavior in 2D materials and offer important insights into designing 2D electronics

P27 deficiency accelerates the development of PTEN-deficiency-induced myeloproliferative disease

PTEN acts as a phosphatase for PIP3 and negatively regulates the PI3K/AKT pathway, and CDKN1B (P27KIP1) is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that regulates G0 to S phase transitions by binding to and regulating the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases. Genetic alternations of Pten or Cdkn1b are common in hematological malignancies. Combined loss of PTEN and P27KIP1 expression is associated with tumor cell proliferation and poor prognosis in prostate cancer. However, it is not so clear how two mutations would cooperate in leukemogenesis. Here, we show that combined inactivation of PTEN or P27KIP1 in the hematopoietic compartment in mice results in a more severe myeloproliferative disease phenotype with shorter lifespan, lower hemoglobin and more enlarged spleen, lever comparted inaction of Pten or p27KIP1 alone

Spatial Correlation and Influencing Factors of Environmental Regulation Intensity in China

In this study, we examined the spatial difference of environmental regulation intensity in 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) of China. It was found that there were significant differences in environmental regulation intensity in the four regions, with a decreasing trend of “west–central–northeast–east” on the whole. Applying the Theil index showed that intra-regional differences accounted for more than 85% of the overall differences in environmental regulation intensity. Goble Moran’s I index was used to verify the spatial correlation of China’s environmental regulation. It was found that the p-value of Goble Moran’s I index was less than 10% in 7 years from 2010 to 2019. It was verified that the environmental regulation intensity in China has had a spatial correlation. In addition, a positive spatial correlation between the environmental regulation intensity in each province was found, indicating that an increase in the environmental regulation intensity of one province will lead to an increase in the intensity of environmental regulation in neighboring provinces. Finally, through the construction of a spatial Markov model to test the spillover effect of environmental regulation intensity in China, it was found that the local environmental regulation intensity will change to different degrees when there are spatial differences in the intensity of environmental regulation in neighboring provinces. This research will be helpful for provincial governments to formulate appropriate environmental regulation targets based on regional characteristics, which is of great significance for China’s and other countries’ green economic development and other countries to solve the contradiction between environmental pollution and economic development

Spatial Correlation and Influencing Factors of Environmental Regulation Intensity in China

In this study, we examined the spatial difference of environmental regulation intensity in 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) of China. It was found that there were significant differences in environmental regulation intensity in the four regions, with a decreasing trend of “west–central–northeast–east” on the whole. Applying the Theil index showed that intra-regional differences accounted for more than 85% of the overall differences in environmental regulation intensity. Goble Moran’s I index was used to verify the spatial correlation of China’s environmental regulation. It was found that the p-value of Goble Moran’s I index was less than 10% in 7 years from 2010 to 2019. It was verified that the environmental regulation intensity in China has had a spatial correlation. In addition, a positive spatial correlation between the environmental regulation intensity in each province was found, indicating that an increase in the environmental regulation intensity of one province will lead to an increase in the intensity of environmental regulation in neighboring provinces. Finally, through the construction of a spatial Markov model to test the spillover effect of environmental regulation intensity in China, it was found that the local environmental regulation intensity will change to different degrees when there are spatial differences in the intensity of environmental regulation in neighboring provinces. This research will be helpful for provincial governments to formulate appropriate environmental regulation targets based on regional characteristics, which is of great significance for China’s and other countries’ green economic development and other countries to solve the contradiction between environmental pollution and economic development

Efficient Electrosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide Using Oxygen-Doped Porous Carbon Catalysts at Industrial Current Densities

Metal-free carbon catalysts (MFCCs) are one of the commonly used catalysts for electrocatalytic two-electron oxygen reduction (2e– ORR) synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Oxygen doping is an effective means to improve the performance of MFCCs, but the performance of oxygen-doped carbon catalysts is still not high enough, and the contribution of different oxygen functional groups (OFGs) to the catalytic performance is still inconclusive. In this paper, carbon-based catalysts with different oxygen contents and ratios of OFGs were prepared, and the high 2e– ORR activity of COOH + C–OH was demonstrated by combining the results of experiments and theoretical calculations. The prepared oxygen-doped carbon-based catalyst C-0.1M80 achieved an onset potential of 0.795 V (vs RHE), a selectivity of up to 98.2% (0.6 V vs RHE), and a H2O2 oxidation current of 1.33 mA cm–2 (0.5 V vs RHE) in a rotating ring-disk electrode test (0.1 M KOH solution), which was an outstanding performance in MFCCs. In a solid electrolyte flow cell, C-0.1M80 achieved a Faraday efficiency of 97.5% at 200 mA cm–2 with a corresponding H2O2 production rate of 123.7 mg cm–2 h–1. In addition, a flow cell stability test was performed at an industrial current density (100 mA cm–2) with an astounding 200 h of uninterrupted operation, also achieving an outstanding average Faradaic efficiency (95.8%)

Endothelial FAT1 inhibits angiogenesis by controlling YAP/TAZ protein degradation via E3 ligase MIB2

The authors report that endothelial protocadherin FAT1 inhibits endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis by promoting degradation of the transcriptional cofactors YAP and TAZ by direct interaction with the E3 ubiquitin ligase Mind Bomb-2 (MIB2)

Possible Luttinger liquid behavior of edge transport in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide crystals.

In atomically-thin two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors, the nonuniformity in current flow due to its edge states may alter and even dictate the charge transport properties of the entire device. However, the influence of the edge states on electrical transport in 2D materials has not been sufficiently explored to date. Here, we systematically quantify the edge state contribution to electrical transport in monolayer MoS2/WSe2 field-effect transistors, revealing that the charge transport at low temperature is dominated by the edge conduction with the nonlinear behavior. The metallic edge states are revealed by scanning probe microscopy, scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy and first-principle calculations. Further analyses demonstrate that the edge-state dominated nonlinear transport shows a universal power-law scaling relationship with both temperature and bias voltage, which can be well explained by the 1D Luttinger liquid theory. These findings demonstrate the Luttinger liquid behavior in 2D materials and offer important insights into designing 2D electronics