Thermophoretic deposition of particles in fully developed mixed convection flow in a parallel-plate vertical channel: the full analytical solution

In a recent paper (Grosan et al. in Heat Mass Transf 45:503-509, 2009) a mostly numerical approach to the title problem has been reported. In the present paper the full analytical solution is given. Several new features emerging from this approach are discussed in detai

Design, Improvement and Fundamental Studies on Aprotic Lithium-Oxygen Batteries

In the family of rechargeable batteries, the Li-O2 battery has the largest theoretical energy density and thus is considered to be a promising candidate for the next generation of the rechargeable battery. However, there are challenges in the development of Li-O2 batteries, such as the high overpotential and the short cycle-life. Several aprotic Li-O2 battery designs have been reported with a low overpotential; however, their high cost limits the application of those battery designs. Moreover, there is not a full understanding of the discharge products so far. Therefore, our goal is to develop an aprotic Li-O2 battery combining a good performance with a low cost and investigate the mechanism of the cell reactions as well. The objectives of this dissertation are to design a new cathode for the aprotic Li-O2 battery to reduce the overpotential, and to investigate the mechanisms of the discharge reactions in an aprotic Li-O2 battery. In the presented work, the SPPd6 cathode was designed based on a nanoscale Pd catalyst via thermal evaporation and was evaluated with Swagelok testing cells, which reduced the charge overpotential from more than 1V to about 0.2V and increased the cycle-efficiency from 62~70% to 80~84%. Other advantages were also found on this new-kind cathode, such as less degradation and prolonged working life. Behaviors of a SPPd6-based cell were investigated to get an understanding of the issues in an aprotic Li-O2 battery, including the drop of discharge voltage and the capacity fading. Discharge products were probed on the discharged active carbon cathode to study the mechanism of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The results agree with the disproportionation reaction for the formation of Li2O2. An electrochemical-peeling strategy was developed to investigate the composition and structure of the toroid, by which the structure of a toroid with a LiO2-like compound on the surface and Li2O2 in the core was revealed

MOESM1 of Temperature effect on luteinizing hormone secretion of Eurasian Skylark (Alauda arvensis) and Great Tit (Parus major) in China

Additional file 1: Figure S1. The dose–response curves for LH of chicken, Eurasian Skylark and Great Tit

Synthesis and Properties of Naphthobisbenzothiophene Diimides

Laterally extended naphthalene diimides composed of naphthobisbenzothiophene skeleton and two imide groups were synthesized, which exhibit interesting packing arrangements and optoelectrical properties

Synthesis and Properties of Naphthobisbenzothiophene Diimides

Laterally extended naphthalene diimides composed of naphthobisbenzothiophene skeleton and two imide groups were synthesized, which exhibit interesting packing arrangements and optoelectrical properties

Phase Behavior of Aqueous Biphasic Systems Composed of Ionic Liquids and Organic Salts

This study evaluated the effects of ionic liquids (ILs) on the formation of aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) with organic salts. Phase diagrams, tie lines, and respective tie line lengths were determined at 298 K and atmospheric pressure. Using imidazolium-based ILs, the effects of the IL anions and salt anions, as well as the addition of dipolar aprotic solvents (DAS) on ABS formation were investigated. In general, the IL with hydrogen bond basicity ranging between 0.38 and 0.60 formed ABS with organic salts. However, those below this range were insoluble, and those above this range did not undergo phase separation. The salt anion capacity to induce ABS increased with increased valence and decreased Gibbs free energy of hydration. Moreover, the biphasic area for the IL-based ABS reduced with increased DAS concentration

The expression patterns of immune-related genes in sample M and sample T of the Venus clam, <i>Cyclina sinensis</i>.

<p>The selected immune-related genes include alpha-2-macroglobulin(A2M), bactericidal permeability-increasing protein (BPI), cathepsin, leukocyte differentiation antigen (CD36), FAS-associated death domain protein (FADD), galectin, GNBP, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK), Myd88, peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP), scavenger receptor cysteine-rich protein (SRCR), perforin-related protein, toll-like receptor (TLR) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF).</p

Summary of annotations of the transcripts from the Venus clam, <i>Cyclina sinensis</i>.

<p>Summary of annotations of the transcripts from the Venus clam, <i>Cyclina sinensis</i>.</p

Summary of the gene family classification of four related species, <i>Cyclina sinensis</i>, <i>Crassostrea gigas</i>, <i>Lottia gigantea</i> and <i>Capitella teleta</i>.

<p>Only putative peptides were used in <i>Cyclina sinensis</i>, while whole peptides were used in the other species.</p

Summary of the immune-related pathways in <i>Cyclina sinensis</i>.

<p>Summary of the immune-related pathways in <i>Cyclina sinensis</i>.</p