N′-(1-Phenyl­ethyl­idene)isonicotinohydrazide

The title compound, C14H13N3O, was prepared from hypnone and isoniazid. The dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 12.21 (2)°. In the crystal, N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into chains propagating in [001] and C—H⋯O inter­actions consolidate the packing

Threshold for the Outbreak of Cascading Failures in Degree-degree Uncorrelated Networks

In complex networks, the failure of one or very few nodes may cause cascading failures. When this dynamical process stops in steady state, the size of the giant component formed by remaining un-failed nodes can be used to measure the severity of cascading failures, which is critically important for estimating the robustness of networks. In this paper, we provide a cascade of overload failure model with local load sharing mechanism, and then explore the threshold of node capacity when the large-scale cascading failures happen and un-failed nodes in steady state cannot connect to each other to form a large connected sub-network. We get the theoretical derivation of this threshold in degree-degree uncorrelated networks, and validate the effectiveness of this method in simulation. This threshold provide us a guidance to improve the network robustness under the premise of limited capacity resource when creating a network and assigning load. Therefore, this threshold is useful and important to analyze the robustness of networks.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure

An Improved Method of Intravenous Infusion Exhaust Specialized in Operating Room During Anesthesia

与普通病房静脉输液排气操作比较，手术室麻醉期间静脉输液准备具有特殊性，主要表现在手术室使用管径较粗的输血器代替普通输液器，使用三通阀代替管径很细的头皮针。前者是便于术中必要时快速输液/输血，后者是便于麻醉医生追加药物。另外，手术室麻醉期间的静脉输液操作比较频繁、时间相对紧迫、排气必须成功。鉴于手术室麻醉期间静脉输液准备的特殊性，笔者设计出一套改进的静脉输液排气方法。该方法巧妙地运用流体力学原理，恰当地融入美学元素，将手术室麻醉期间静脉输液排气操作表现得美仑美奂。在保证排气成功的前提下，该方法操作时间短、无液体损失，而且容易掌握，值得在手术室推广。Compared with the procedure of intravenous infusion exhaust in wards, the preparation of intravenous infusion in operating room is kind of particular. The common infusion set is replaced with the transfusion apparatus which is larger in inner diameter, and the thin scalp needle is replaced with the three-way stopcock. The former change is intended to guarantee rapid infusion/transfusion when necessary, and the latter is convenient for anesthesiologists to administer drugs during surgery. Taking the particularity into consideration, we have designed an improved method of intravenous infusion exhaust. By employing fluid mechanics principle and integrating aesthetic elements, this method makes it incredible in operating room during anesthesia. Not only can this method ensure the success of exhaust, but also it takes less time, wastes no drip and is easy to master. Therefore, this improved method is worth of being generalized in operating room

The practicality of an improved method of intravenous infusion exhaust specialized in operating room during anesthesia

目的  评价一套新的静脉输液排气改进方法在手术室麻醉期间的实用性。方法  随机邀请新来手术室的实习护士10位，在培训前、培训后2h和培训后1天这3个时间点，分别进行3次静脉输液排气的测试。记录各位实习护士的操作时间，并观察其在培训前静脉输液排气操作上存在的问题。结果  与培训前比较，实习护士在培训后2h和后1天的静脉输液排气操作时间缩短，差异有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.0001，P＝0.0001），并且测试成绩稳定。结论  经笔者改进的静脉输液排气方法，除了保证排气成功外，能有效缩短排气操作时间，并且易被实习护士掌握。该方法实用价值较高，值得在手术室推广。Objective: We set out to investigate the practicality of an improved method of intravenous infusion exhaust which is specialized in operating room during anesthesia. Methods: Ten student nurses were randomly invited to join in this study, and we tested them at three different time-points, including before training, two hours after training and one day after training. We recorded the time they spent on preparation of intravenous infusion exhaust. In addition, we observed and analyzed the mistakes they made in their tasks before training. Results: Compared with their performances before training, the student nurses steadily spent less time on preparation of intravenous infusion exhaust at the time points of two hours and one day later (P ＜ 0.0001，P＝ 0.0001). Conclusion: The improved method of intravenous infusion exhaust, as well as ensuring the success of exhaust, can efficiently shorten the time of performance and be easily grasped by student nurses, which is worthy of generalization in operating room

A description of the transverse momentum distributions of charged particles produced in heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC energies

By assuming the existing of memory effects and long-range interactions in the hot and dense matter produced in high energy heavy ion collisions, the nonextensive statistics together with the relativistic hydrodynamics including phase transition is used to discuss the transverse momentum distributions of charged particles produced in heavy ion collisions. It is shown that the combined contributions from nonextensive statistics and hydrodynamics can give a good description to the experimental data in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN )= 200 GeV and in Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt(s_NN) )= 2.76 TeV for pi^(+ -) , K^(+ -) in the whole measured transverse momentum region, and for p(p-bar) in the region of p_T<= 2.0 GeV/c. This is different from our previous work, where, by using the conventional statistics plus hydrodynamics, the describable region is only limited in p_T<= 1.1 GeV/c.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, 2 table

DNMT3a in the hippocampal CA1 is crucial in the acquisition of morphine self‐administration in rats

Drug‐reinforced excessive operant responding is one fundamental feature of long-lasting addiction‐like behaviors and relapse in animals. However, the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms responsible for the persistent drug‐specific (not natural rewards) operant behavior are not entirely clear. In this study, we demonstrate a key role for one of the de novo DNA methyltransferase, DNMT3a, in the acquisition of morphine self‐administration (SA) in rats. The expression of DNMT3a in the hippocampal CA1 region but not in the nucleus accumbens shell was significantly up‐regulated after 1‐ and 7‐day morphine SA (0.3 mg/kg/infusion) but not after the yoked morphine injection. On the other hand, saccharin SA did not affect the expression of DNMT3a or DNMT3b. DNMT inhibitor 5‐aza‐2‐deoxycytidine (5‐aza) microinjected into the hippocampal CA1 significantly attenuated the acquisition of morphine SA. Knockdown of DNMT3a also impaired the ability to acquire the morphine SA. Overall, these findings suggest that DNMT3a in the hippocampus plays an important role in the acquisition of morphine SA and may be a valid target to prevent the development of morphine addiction. Includes Supplemental informatio

A Score-based Geometric Model for Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Molecular dynamics (MD) has long been the \emph{de facto} choice for modeling complex atomistic systems from first principles, and recently deep learning become a popular way to accelerate it. Notwithstanding, preceding approaches depend on intermediate variables such as the potential energy or force fields to update atomic positions, which requires additional computations to perform back-propagation. To waive this requirement, we propose a novel model called ScoreMD by directly estimating the gradient of the log density of molecular conformations. Moreover, we analyze that diffusion processes highly accord with the principle of enhanced sampling in MD simulations, and is therefore a perfect match to our sequential conformation generation task. That is, ScoreMD perturbs the molecular structure with a conditional noise depending on atomic accelerations and employs conformations at previous timeframes as the prior distribution for sampling. Another challenge of modeling such a conformation generation process is that the molecule is kinetic instead of static, which no prior studies strictly consider. To solve this challenge, we introduce a equivariant geometric Transformer as a score function in the diffusion process to calculate the corresponding gradient. It incorporates the directions and velocities of atomic motions via 3D spherical Fourier-Bessel representations. With multiple architectural improvements, we outperforms state-of-the-art baselines on MD17 and isomers of C7O2H10. This research provides new insights into the acceleration of new material and drug discovery