LECHE Y OBESIDAD: ANÁLISIS DE LOS EFECTOS DE LOS DIFERENTES COMPONENTES DE LA LECHE EN LA SALUD METABÓLICA Y LA OBESIDAD

Objective: To examine how milk consumption could favor overweight and obesity when consumed with flavorings; the effect of consuming milk without flavoring on metabolic diseases was also examined. Design/ methodology / approach: The present study consisted in conducting a search of scientific articles in SCOPUS and ScienceDirect using the keywords: milk, obesity, fatty acids, peptides. Results: from fatty acids in milk, linoleic acid has an effect on the composition of body fat and from it, the t10, c12 isomer has been identified as responsible for the decrease in body fat, and the mechanisms by which the t10, c12 isomer affects body fat include reduction of lipid accumulation by adipocytes. Study limitations/implications: In studies previously conducted, the highest dose provided in a human trial was 6.8 g/day (50:50 mix of the t10, c12 and c9, t11 isomers) and it was mentioned that there is insufficient data in humans to determine if higher doses would produce higher weight loss. Findings/conclusions: sheep and buffalo milk had higher content of t10, c12 isomer and a modest reduction in fat loss of approximately 0.09 kg per week was found. Milk proteins also play an important role against metabolic diseases. In this regard, camel milk has peptides with antidiabetic and anti-obesity propertiesObjetivo: examinar como el consumo de leche puede favorecer al sobrepeso y obesidad cuando se consume con saborizantes; por otro lado, se examinó el efecto de consumir leche sin saborizantes sobre las enfermedades metabólicas. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: el presente trabajo consistió en realizar una búsqueda de artículos científicos en SCOPUS y ScienceDirect con las palabras clave leche, obesidad, ácidos grasos, péptidos. Resultados: de los ácidos grasos de la leche, el ácido linoléico tiene un efecto sobre la composición de grasa corporal y de este, el isómero t10, c12 ha sido identificado como el responsable de la disminución de la grasa corporal y que los mecanismos por los cuales el isómero t10, c12 afecta la grasa corporal incluyen la reducción de la acumulación de lípidos por los adipocitos. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: en estudios realizados previamente, la dosis más alta proporcionada en un ensayo en humanos hasta la fecha es de 6.8 g/d (50:50 mezcla de los isómeros t10, c12 y c9, t11) y se mencionó que no hay datos suficientes en humanos para determinar si dosis más altas producirán más pérdida de peso. Hallazgos/conclusiones: la leche de oveja y de búfala presentaron mayor contenido del isómero t10, c12 y se encontró una modesta reducción de la pérdida de grasa de aproximadamente 0.09 kg por semana. Las proteínas de la leche también juegan un papel importante contra enfermedades metabólicas. En este tenor, la leche de camello tiene péptidos con propiedades antidiabéticas y antiobesidad

Multi-component symmetry-projected approach for molecular ground state correlations

The symmetry-projected Hartree--Fock ansatz for the electronic structure problem can efficiently account for static correlation in molecules, yet it is often unable to describe dynamic correlation in a balanced manner. Here, we consider a multi-component, systematically-improvable approach, that accounts for all ground state correlations. Our approach is based on linear combinations of symmetry-projected configurations built out of a set of non-orthogonal, variationally optimized determinants. The resulting wavefunction preserves the symmetries of the original Hamiltonian even though it is written as a superposition of deformed (broken-symmetry) determinants. We show how short expansions of this kind can provide a very accurate description of the electronic structure of simple chemical systems such as the nitrogen and the water molecules, along the entire dissociation profile. In addition, we apply this multi-component symmetry-projected approach to provide an accurate interconversion profile among the peroxo and bis($\mu$-oxo) forms of [Cu$_2$O$_2$]$^{2+}$, comparable to other state-of-the-art quantum chemical methods

Milling Process of Petroleum Coke for Sintered Steel Applications

The effect of milling on different properties of a petroleum coke has been evaluated. The material was subjected to planetary milling at two different rates (400 and 600 rev min-1) for different times up to 48 h. The milled material was characterised by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, sieve analysis, thermal analysis, chemical analysis, specific surface area and compressibility has been undertaken. The results show that the milling produces a very quick loss of the crystal structure of the coke and a rapid comminution, which lead to large increases in specific surface area and compressibility losses. The coke has shown a high activity through the milling process, absorbing a great quantity of oxygen. The increase in milling time shifts its thermal decomposition to lower temperatures.Authors want to acknowledge the financial support of Spanish Education Ministry, through Project PTR1995-0724-OP.Publicad

Symmetry-projected variational approach for ground and excited states of the two-dimensional Hubbard model

We present a symmetry-projected configuration mixing scheme to describe ground and excited states, with well defined quantum numbers, of the two-dimensional Hubbard model with nearestneighbor hopping and periodic boundary conditions. Results for the half-filled 2{\times}4, 4{\times}4, and 6{\times}6 lattices, as well as doped 4 {\times} 4 systems, compare well with available results, both exact and from other state-of-the-art approximations. We report spectral functions and density of states obtained from a well-controlled ansatz for the (Ne {\pm} 1)-electron system. Symmetry projected methods have been widely used for the many-body nuclear physics problem but have received little attention in the solid state community. Given their relatively low (mean-field) computational cost and the high quality of results here reported, we believe that they deserve further scrutiny

Dataset on water–glycerol flow in a horizontal pipeline with and without leaks

The dataset presented in this article was collected in a laboratory flow circuit, which was designed to investigate highviscosity flows. The data set is composed of 1200 s (equivalent to 12,000 samples) of mass flow and pressure measurements taken at five points along the pipeline. The first 300 s were recorded when the flow in the loop was composed only of glycerol. The remaining data were acquired when the flow was composed of a water–glycerol mixture. During the data acquisition, two extractions were produced. The research reported in [1] uses 160 s of the data provided here. This article explains in detail the experimental set-up and the principal instruments used for obtaining the dataset. The dataset is in the form of seven columns: Time, Mass Flow, Pressure 1, Pressure 2, Pressure 3, Pressure 4, Pressure 5, in supplementary Excel and Matlab files

Short-Term Evaluation of Left Ventricular Mass and Function in Children With Growth Hormone Deficiency After Replacement Treatment

Background: Our study was designed to assess the effects of GHD on nutritional and metabolic parameters, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, and left ventricular mass (LVM) in prepubertal children and after short-term GH replacement therapy.Materials and Methods: This prospective study enrolled 81 children. We compared 40 GHD children (16 males and 24 females) to 41 healthy children (control group) (18 males and 23 females). All subjects were at Tanner Stage I (aged 7–11 years). At the baseline, a blood sample was drawn and echocardiographic images were obtained. These tests were repeated on the GHD subjects after 6 months of GH replacement therapy. Body surface, weight, size, blood pressure, heart rate, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, QUICKI, cholesterol, HDLc, LDLc, triglycerides, IGF1, and IGFBP3 were measured. Indexed LVM, diastolic and systolic diameter (dD-sD), diastolic and systolic LV function, isovolumic relaxation time, right ventricle function, and BNP levels were obtained through echocardiography. These parameters were correlated to growth factors. Data were analyzed using Student's t-test or U-Mann–Whitney-test and Pearson's correlation, considering p < 0.05 to be significant.Results: Indexed LVM was smaller in GHD patients than in controls, whereas diastolic and systolic functions, BNP, metabolic, and nutritional profiles were similar. After treatment, nutritional and metabolic profiles significantly improved, though diastolic and systolic functions did not seem to have changed. There was a significant increase in LVM. Indexed LVM was similar to that of controls. Significant correlations were obtained between LVM-IGF1 and sD-IGFBP3.Conclusions: GHD in childhood is associated with a lower indexed LVM. In the short-term, GH increases the indexed LVM, while maintaining normal systolic and diastolic functions, BNP, and an improved lipid profile