Correlación entre variables ante mortem y post mortem en canales de ovinos producidos en México

The objective of the study was to estimate the correlations of the rib-eye area (REA) and the thickness of the dorsal subcutaneous fat (TDSF) with morphometric variables in sheep carcasses produced in Mexico. Seven hundred fifty sheep carcasses were used, which were grouped by genotype (hair, wool and crossed hair ˣ wool), sex (males and females) and production system (intensive and semi-intensive). The normality of the distribution was determined, and simple correlation analyses were performed to estimate the degree of association between the variables. In hair genotypes, REA correlated with the weight of the carcass both hot and cold (r=0.42**; n=328; P<0.001 in males and r=0.48**; n=91; P<0.001 in females), but in females the perimeter (r=0.52**; n=91; P<0.001) and width of the rump (r=0.48**; n=91; P<0.001) were also relevant. In hair animals, the TDSF correlated with slaughter weight (r=0.36**; n=328; P<0.001 in males and r=0.57**; n=91; P<0.001 in females). In wool males, REA showed high correlation with carcass length (r=0.61**; n=116; P<0.001) and rump perimeter (r=0.50**; n=116; P<0.001), while the TDSF correlated with the internal depth of the thorax (r=0.50**; n=116; P<0.01) and its perimeter (r=0.45**; n=116; P<0.001). In crosses hair ˣ wool, REA had the highest correlation with thorax width (r=0.47**; n=215; P<0.001) and hot carcass weight (r=0.43**; n=215; P<0.001), while the TDSF only had a low correlation with slaughter weight (r=0.19**; n=215; P<0.001).El objetivo del trabajo fue estimar las correlaciones del área del ojo de chuleta (AOCh) y el espesor de la grasa subcutánea dorsal (EGSD) con variables morfométricas en canales ovinas producidas en México. Se emplearon 750 canales ovinas que se agruparon por genotipo (pelo, lana y cruzados pelo ˣ lana), sexo (machos y hembras) y sistema de producción (intensivo y semiintensivo). Se determinó la normalidad de la distribución y se realizaron análisis de correlación simple para estimar el grado de asociación entre las variables. En los genotipos de pelo el AOCh se correlacionó con el peso de la canal tanto caliente como fría (r=0.42**; n=328; P<0.001 en machos y r=0.48**; n=91 P<0.001 en hembras), pero en las hembras también tuvo relevancia el perímetro (r=0.52**; n=91; P<0.001) y anchura de la grupa (r=0.48**; n=91; P<0.001). En los animales de pelo, el EGSD se correlacionó con el peso a la matanza (r=0.36**; n=328; P<0.001 en machos y r=0.57**; n=91; P<0.001 en hembras). En los machos de lana el AOCh mostró correlación alta con la longitud de la canal (r=0.61**; n=116; P<0.001) y el perímetro de la grupa (r=0.50**; n=116; P<0.001), en tanto que el EGSD se correlacionó con la profundidad interna del tórax (r=0.50**; n=116; P<0.01) y su perímetro (r=0.45**; n=116; P<0.001). En las cruzas de pelo ˣ lana, el AOCh tuvo la mayor correlación con la anchura del tórax (r=0.47**; n=215; P<0.001) y el peso de la canal caliente (r=0.43**; n=215; P<0.001) mientras que el EGSD solo tuvo una correlación baja con el peso a la matanza (r=0.19**; n=215; P<0.001)

La satisfacción del empleado en organizaciones de servicios públicos federales: Caso de estudio CFE en Nuevo León

In the literature, studies on Employee Satisfaction at Work focus mainly on the motivations and attitudes of the individual in relation to the design of the workplace , the environment team and the adequacy of Employee Rank (or vice versa ) . It is conceivable that the factors affecting the Employee Satisfaction at Work will differ depending on the type of organization and the conditions of their current organizational model. The purpose of this study is to identify whether the level of satisfaction of employees of a Federal Public Service Agency , changes according to gender (male or female) , their occupation ( or field office ) or geographical area found in the state of Nuevo León. Statistical Model for Process Management is used in organizations focused on improving Employee Satisfaction at Work factors as knowledge of Enterprise, Training Plan Life and Career, Leadership Services, Salaries, and Performance Evaluation. The main results show that the level of satisfaction of employees working on a federal agency in Nuevo Leon public services has improved , which is equal between men and women and between field and office staff , just change statistically areas where are laboring.En la literatura consultada, los estudios sobre Satisfacción del Empleado en el Trabajo se centran principalmente en las motivaciones y actitudes del individuo, con relación al diseño del puesto de trabajo, del ambiente del equipo de trabajo y la adecuación del Puesto al Empleado (o viceversa). Es coherente pensar que los factores que afectan la Satisfacción del Empleado en el Trabajo van a diferir dependiendo del tipo de organización y de las condiciones de su modelo organizacional vigente. El propósito de este estudio es identificar si el nivel de satisfacción de los empleados de un Organismo de Servicios Públicos Federal, cambia según el género (femenino o masculino), la actividad que realizan (de campo o de oficina) o la zona geográfica en la que se encuentran en el estado de Nuevo León. Se utiliza un Modelo estadístico para los Proceso de Gestión en las Organizaciones de Servicios enfocados a mejorar la Satisfacción del Empleado en el Trabajo con los factores como Conocimiento de la Empresa, la Capacitación, el Plan de Vida y Carrera, el Liderazgo, los Salarios, y la Evaluación del Desempeño. Como resultados principales se observa que el nivel de satisfacción de los empleados que trabajan en un organismo de servicios públicos federales en Nuevo León ha mejorado, que es igual entre hombres y mujeres y entre personal de campo y oficina, solo cambia estadísticamente según las zonas donde se encuentren laborando

La satisfacción del empleado en organizaciones de servicios públicos federales: Caso de estudio CFE en Nuevo León (Employee satisfaction in federal public service organizations: Case study CFE in Nuevo León)

Abstract. In the literature, studies on Employee Satisfaction at Work focus mainly on the motivations and attitudes of the individual in relation to the design of the workplace , the environment team and the adequacy of Employee Rank (or vice versa ) . It is conceivable that the factors affecting the Employee Satisfaction at Work will differ depending on the type of organization and the conditions of their current organizational model. The purpose of this study is to identify whether the level of satisfaction of employees of a Federal Public Service Agency , changes according to gender (male or female) , their occupation ( or field office ) or geographical area found in the state of Nuevo León. Statistical Model for Process Management is used in organizations focused on improving Employee Satisfaction at Work factors as knowledge of Enterprise, Training Plan Life and Career, Leadership Services, Salaries, and Performance Evaluation. The main results show that the level of satisfaction of employees working on a federal agency in Nuevo Leon public services has improved , which is equal between men and women and between field and office staff , just change statistically areas where are laboring. Resumen. En la literatura consultada, los estudios sobre Satisfacción del Empleado en el Trabajo se centran principalmente en las motivaciones y actitudes del individuo, con relación al diseño del puesto de trabajo, del ambiente del equipo de trabajo y la adecuación del Puesto al Empleado (o viceversa). Es coherente pensar que los factores que afectan la Satisfacción del Empleado en el Trabajo van a diferir dependiendo del tipo de organización y de las condiciones de su modelo organizacional vigente. El propósito de este estudio es identificar si el nivel de satisfacción de los empleados de un Organismo de Servicios Públicos Federal, cambia según el género (femenino o masculino), la actividad que realizan (de campo o de oficina) o la zona geográfica en la que se encuentran en el estado de Nuevo León. Se utiliza un Modelo estadístico para los Proceso de Gestión en las Organizaciones de Servicios enfocados a mejorar la Satisfacción del Empleado en el Trabajo con los factores como Conocimiento de la Empresa, la Capacitación, el Plan de Vida y Carrera, el Liderazgo, los Salarios, y la Evaluación del Desempeño. Como resultados principales se observa que el nivel de satisfacción de los empleados que trabajan en un organismo de servicios públicos federales en Nuevo León ha mejorado, que es igual entre hombres y mujeres y entre personal de campo y oficina, solo cambia estadísticamente según las zonas donde se encuentren laborando

Efecto de la raza paterna en características de la canal de corderos para carne en Hidalgo, México

Efecto de la raza paterna en características de la canal de corderos para carne en Hidalgo, México   El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar los efectos de la raza paterna (Charollais, Dorset y Texel), utilizando ovejas Hampshire, sexo y tipo de nacimiento de la cría, en características de la canal de los corderos. Después del destete (74±8 días), 45 corderos de estas cruzas se finalizaron durante 63 días, consumiendo una dieta balanceada con 14% de PC y 2.82 Mcal de EM/kg de MS. Los corderos se pesaron y se sacrificaron a los 137 días de edad; posteriormente, se tomaron medidas de peso y rendimiento de la canal caliente y fría, área del ojo de chuleta, espesor de grasa subcutánea, longitud de canal, longitud de pierna, perímetro de grupa y se calculó el índice de compacidad de la canal; además se determinó la composición regional de la canal (espaldilla, bajos, badal, pierna, cuello, y costillar). Los datos se analizaron utilizando un modelo mixto. Los corderos de padre Charollais tuvieron el mayor (P<0.05) área del ojo de chuleta (20.1±0.5 cm2), mientras que los de padre Dorset fueron superiores (P<0.05) en longitud interna de la canal (66.3±0.9 cm) y longitud de pierna (34.8±0.3 cm). Los machos superaron a las hembras (P<0.05) en la mayoría de las variables analizadas. Los corderos de parto sencillo tuvieron medias mayores que los de parto doble (P<0.05) en espesor de la grasa subcutánea y longitud de la pierna. En general, las cruzas con Charollais y Dorset mostraron superioridad en las características de la canal.     Efecto de la raza paterna en características de la canal de corderos para carne en Hidalgo, México   El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar los efectos de la raza paterna (Charollais, Dorset y Texel), utilizando ovejas Hampshire, sexo y tipo de nacimiento de la cría, en características de la canal de los corderos. Después del destete (74±8 días), 45 corderos de estas cruzas se finalizaron durante 63 días, consumiendo una dieta balanceada con 14% de PC y 2.82 Mcal de EM/kg de MS. Los corderos se pesaron y se sacrificaron a los 137 días de edad; posteriormente, se tomaron medidas de peso y rendimiento de la canal caliente y fría, área del ojo de chuleta, espesor de grasa subcutánea, longitud de canal, longitud de pierna, perímetro de grupa y se calculó el índice de compacidad de la canal; además se determinó la composición regional de la canal (espaldilla, bajos, badal, pierna, cuello, y costillar). Los datos se analizaron utilizando un modelo mixto. Los corderos de padre Charollais tuvieron el mayor (P<0.05) área del ojo de chuleta (20.1±0.5 cm2), mientras que los de padre Dorset fueron superiores (P<0.05) en longitud interna de la canal (66.3±0.9 cm) y longitud de pierna (34.8±0.3 cm). Los machos superaron a las hembras (P<0.05) en la mayoría de las variables analizadas. Los corderos de parto sencillo tuvieron medias mayores que los de parto doble (P<0.05) en espesor de la grasa subcutánea y longitud de la pierna. En general, las cruzas con Charollais y Dorset mostraron superioridad en las características de la canal.     The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of sire breed (Charollais, Dorset and Texel), utilizing Hampshire ewes, lamb sex and birth type, on carcass traits of the lambs. After weaning (74±8 d), 45 lambs from these crosses were fattened during 63 d, consuming a balanced diet with 14% CP and 2.82 Mcal of ME/kg of DM. Lambs were weighed and slaughtered at 137 d of age; later, measures on slaughter weight and yield of hot and cold carcass, rib eye area, subcutaneous fat, carcass length, leg length, and rump perimeter were taken and the carcass compactness index was calculated. In addition, the carcass regional composition (shoulder, chest-belly, anterior-loin, leg, neck, and rear-loin) was determined. Data were analyzed utilizing a mixed model. Charollais-sired lambs had the highest (P<0.05) rib eye area (20.1±0.5 cm2), while Dorset-sired lambs were superior (P<0.05) in carcass length (66.3±0.9 cm) and leg length (34.8±0.3 cm). Ram lambs surpassed ewe lambs (P<0.05) in most traits analyzed. Lambs born as singles had higher means than twin lambs (P<0.05) in subcutaneous fat and leg length. In general, crosses with Charollais and Dorset showed superiority in carcass traits

Casos de estudio en México y Latinoamérica

Ante la presencia de conflictos sociales y territoriales, las comunidades organizadas buscan estrategias de solución y confrontación. Es el estudio de dichos movimientos, lo que motiva a la publicación de éste libro: Respuestas comunitarias ante conflictos ambientales. Casos de estudio en México y Latinoamérica, reúne catorce textos que analizan las respuestas sociales y documentan la acción colectiva de comunidades que se han organizado para autogestionar soluciones ante conflictos territoriales, económicos y ambientales, en su propio entorno. Las aportaciones de investigadores y activistas, desde enfoques teóricos y metodológicos particulares, exponen casos de estudio sobre organizaciones formales e informales que se han conformado para afrontar los retos que representan proyectos productivos como fábricas cementeras, mineras, puertos, productores de energía, entre otros. Los enfoques analíticos tocan también temas nodales en el estudio de la acción colectiva como la ética, el despojo, los derechos humanos y las estrategias de comunicación y visibilización. Este material, que reúne estudios hechos en distintos lugares de México y Latinoamérica, es un compendio de métodos de investigación y un acercamiento al estudio de los movimientos sociales.UAEMEX, CONACyT, SE

Compromising between European and US allergen immunotherapy schools: Discussions from GUIMIT, the Mexican immunotherapy guidelines

Background: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has a longstanding history and still remains the only disease-changing treatment for allergic rhinitis and asthma. Over the years 2 different schools have developed their strategies: the United States (US) and the European. Allergen extracts available in these regions are adapted to local practice. In other parts of the world, extracts from both regions and local ones are commercialized, as in Mexico. Here, local experts developed a national AIT guideline (GUIMIT 2019) searching for compromises between both schools. Methods: Using ADAPTE methodology for transculturizing guidelines and AGREE-II for evaluating guideline quality, GUIMIT selected 3 high-quality Main Reference Guidelines (MRGs): the European Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (EAACI) guideines, the S2k guideline of various German-speaking medical societies (2014), and the US Practice Parameters on Allergen Immunotherapy 2011. We formulated clinical questions and based responses on the fused evidence available in the MRGs, combined with local possibilities, patient's preference, and costs. We came across several issues on which the MRGs disagreed. These are presented here along with arguments of GUIMIT members to resolve them. GUIMIT (for a complete English version, see Supplementary data) concluded the following: Results: Related to the diagnosis of IgE-mediated respiratory allergy, apart from skin prick testing complementary tests (challenges, in vitro testing and molecular such as species-specific allergens) might be useful in selected cases to inform AIT composition. AIT is indicated in allergic rhinitis and suggested in allergic asthma (once controlled) and IgE-mediated atopic dermatitis. Concerning the correct subcutaneous AIT dose for compounding vials according to the US school: dosing tables and formula are given; up to 4 non-related allergens can be mixed, refraining from mixing high with low protease extracts. When using European extracts: the manufacturer's indications should be followed; in multi-allergic patients 2 simultaneous injections can be given (100% consensus); mixing is discouraged. In Mexico only allergoid tablets are available; based on doses used in all sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) publications referenced in MRGs, GUIMIT suggests a probable effective dose related to subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) might be: 50–200% of the monthly SCIT dose given daily, maximum mixing 4 allergens. Also, a table with practical suggestions on non-evidence-existing issues, developed with a simplified Delphi method, is added. Finally, dissemination and implementation of guidelines is briefly discussed, explaining how we used online tools for this in Mexico. Conclusions: Countries where European and American AIT extracts are available should adjust AIT according to which school is followed

Miradas y voces de la investigación educativa I

Fil: Ferreyra, Horacio Ademar. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Educación; ArgentinaFil: Calneggia, María Isabel. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Educación; ArgentinaFil: Di Francesco, Adriana Carlota. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Educación; Argentin

Examining the immune signatures of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy and the impact on neurodevelopment: Protocol of the SIGNATURE longitudinal study

The COVID-19 pandemic represents a valuable opportunity to carry out cohort studies that allow us to advance our knowledge on pathophysiological mechanisms of neuropsychiatric diseases. One of these opportunities is the study of the relationships between inflammation, brain development and an increased risk of suffering neuropsychiatric disorders. Based on the hypothesis that neuroinflammation during early stages of life is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and confers a greater risk of developing neuropsychiatric disorders, we propose a cohort study of SARS-CoV-2-infected pregnant women and their newborns. The main objective of SIGNATURE project is to explore how the presence of prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection and other non-infectious stressors generates an abnormal inflammatory activity in the newborn. The cohort of women during the COVID-19 pandemic will be psychological and biological monitored during their pregnancy, delivery, childbirth and postpartum. The biological information of the umbilical cord (foetus blood) and peripheral blood from the mother will be obtained after childbirth. These samples and the clinical characterisation of the cohort of mothers and newborns, are tremendously valuable at this time. This is a protocol report and no analyses have been conducted yet, being currently at, our study is in the recruitment process step. At the time of this publication, we have identified 1,060 SARS-CoV-2 infected mothers and all have already given birth. From the total of identified mothers, we have recruited 537 SARS-COV-2 infected women and all of them have completed the mental health assessment during pregnancy. We have collected biological samples from 119 mothers and babies. Additionally, we have recruited 390 non-infected pregnant women.This work has received support from the Fundación Alicia Koplowitz to realize the epigenetic wide association study and to the clinical assessment to the children. This work has also received public support from the Consejería de Salud y Familias para la financiación de la investigación, desarrollo e innovación (i + d + i) biomédica y en ciencias de la salud en Andalucía (CSyF 2021 - FEDER). Grant Grant number PECOVID- 0195-2020. Convocatoria financiada con Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) al 80% dentro del Programa Operativo de Andalucía FEDER 2014-2020. Andalucía se mueve con Europa. NG-T received payment under Rio Hortega contract CM20-00015 with the Carlos III Health Institute.Peer reviewe

Structural insight into the XTACC3/XMAP215 interaction from CD and NMR studies on model peptides

TACC3 is a centrosomal adaptor protein that plays important roles during mitotic spindle assembly. It interacts with chTOG/XMAP215, which catalyzes the addition of tubulin dimers during microtubule growth. A 3D coiled-coil model for this interaction is available but the structural details are not well described. To characterize this interaction at atomic resolution, we have designed a simplified version of the system based on small peptides. Four different peptides have been studied by circular dichroism and nuclear magnetic resonance both singly and in all possible combinations; namely, five peptide pairs and two trios. In cosolvents, all single peptides tend to adopt helical conformations resembling those of the full-length protein. However, neither the single peptides nor pairs of peptides form coiled coils. We show that the simultaneous presence of all preformed helices is a prerequisite for binding. The simplest 3D model for the interaction, based on the NMR results, is proposed. Interestingly, the peptide's structure remains unaffected by mutations at essential positions for TACC3 activity. This suggests that the lack of interaction of this TACC3 mutant with XMAP does not correlate with changes in the protein structure and that specific interactions are likely responsible for the interaction and stability of the complex.Peer Reviewe

Addition of pentoxifylline to pegylated interferon-alpha-2a and ribavirin improves sustained virological response to chronic hepatitis C virus: a randomized clinical trial

Background and aim. The commonly accepted treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, pegylated interferon alpha (PEG INF-alpha) and ribavirin, leads to 50–60% of sustained virological response (SVR). On the other hand, pentoxifylline (PTX) possesses antiviral and hepatoprotector properties. Aim. To investigate whether the addition of PTX to conventional hepatitis C treatment increases SVR.Material and methods. Seventy two patients of both genders were studied in a randomized fashion; the diagnosis of chronic HCV infection was made according to clinical and laboratory criteria and histopathologically classified according to METAVIR scoring system criteria. HCV viral load was tested by PCR, baseline, and after 6 months of treatment, as well as anti-HCV, anti-hepatitis B virus, and anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. During 48 weeks, control group patients were treated with PEG INF-alpha-2a plus ribavirin. PTX was administered to Experimental Group patients prior to the treatment.Results. Demographic data were similar in both groups. Experimental- and control-group subjects were at F2 and F3 states according to the METAVIR classification. The most common HCV genotypes were 1a and 1b (39% in the control group in each case, and 42% in the experimental group in each case). At the end of the study, hepatic enzymes and viral load decreased in both groups to similar values. SVR in the experimental group increased significantly (p < 0.05) when compared with standard therapy alone.Conclusion. Addition of PTX to conventional chronic hepatitis C treatment may increase the percentage of patients with SVR