In vitro characterization of solute transport in the spinal canal

PID2020-115961RB-C31PID2020-115961RB-C32PID2020- 115961RA-C33MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033Junta de Andalucia and European Funds, Project No. P18-FR-4619Spanish Ministry of UniversitiesFellowship FPU18/05694U.S. National Science Foundation through Grant No. 185395

Experimental investigation of rear flexible flaps interacting with the wake dynamics behind a squareback Ahmed body

We have conducted an experimental study on the use of rear flexible vertical flaps as adaptive solutions to reduce the drag of a squareback Ahmed body, and on the fluid–structure interaction mechanisms at the turbulent wake. To that aim, wind tunnel experiments were conducted to compare the performance of various configurations including the baseline body, the body with rigid flaps and with flexible flaps. These configurations were tested under different aligned and cross-flow conditions. The results reveal that the flexible adaptive devices effectively reduce the drag within for low values of the dimensionless stiffness quantified through the Cauchy number, ����. Thus, the two-dimensional deformation of the flexible flaps, which undergo progressive inwards reconfiguration (with an averaged tip deflection angle of �� ≃ 4◦), reduces the bluffness of the flow separation at the body base, thus shrinking the recirculation region. This reconfiguration leads to increased base pressure, resulting into a 8.3% decrease in the global drag, ����, under aligned conditions. Similar drag reductions are observed under yawed conditions. Two regimes are identified in terms of the coupled fluid–structure dynamics. For low ����, the passive reconfiguration of the flaps include small amplitude, periodic oscillations corresponding to the first free deformation mode of a cantilevered beam. Alongside these weak oscillations, the flaps are deformed guided by the changes in the value of the horizontal base pressure gradient, depicting bi-stable behavior which is caused by the synchronization between the Reflectional Symmetry Breaking (RSB) mode, typically present in the wake of three-dimensional bluff bodies, and the flaps deformation. For higher values of ����, the flexible flaps deflect inwardly by about �� ≃ 20◦ on average, but exhibit vigorous oscillations combining the first and second free deformation modes of a cantilevered beam. These large amplitude oscillations excite the flow separation at the model’s trailing edges, leading to significant fluctuations in the separated shear layers and a consequent 31% increase in the global drag. Under yawed conditions, the flaps responses for large values of ���� are different due to the asymmetry of the corresponding recirculation region.This work is a result of the Projects PDC2021-121288-I00, TED2021-131805B-C21 and TED2021-131805B-C22, financed by the Spanish MCIN/ AEI/10.13039/501100011033/, FEDER, UE, and the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR. M.L.D. also acknowledges the support from grant FJC2020-043093-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR. Finally, J.C.M.H. acknowledges for the support of the Spanish MECD through FPU20/07261. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBUA

Experimental study on the flow-induced vibrations of a circular cylinder with a rear flexibly hinged splitter plate

The flow around a circular cylinder is a canonical configuration that may be encountered in many engineering applications, as for instance, civil engineering, architecture, or marine structures. In particular, when bluff bodies are slender and feature low mass-damping characteristics, they may undergo flow-induced vibrations (FIVs), which may result in severe structural fatigue and damage. Here, we present an experimental study on the effect of flexibly hinged splitter plates in the FIV of a flexibly mounted circular cylinder (of diameter D) subject to an uniform cross-flow of velocity u∞. The dynamic response and forcing of the low mass-damping system is characterized for plates of different lengths Lp and different values of the torsional stiffness of the hinge kp. Reductions of the dynamic response of more than 90% can be generally reached at the upper branch, especially when a plate of length l* = Lp/D = 2 with intermediate degree of torsional stiffness is attached, which is shown to represent the best solution as it mitigates the oscillations of the system (cylinder and plate) for the whole range investigated of reduced velocity U* = u∞/fnD = [3:9; 9:8], where fn is the natural frequency of oscillation. In general, the hinged plates are able to attenuate the vortex-induced vibration system response by increasing shedding frequency, until the ratio f* = f/fn > 1 is reached. At high values of U*, a general transition to galloping-like dynamics, characterized by f* < 1, occurs. The tested hinged plates modify the transition between regimes, which is associated with shifts in the phase difference between the forcing and response, combining features of the dynamics of both flexible and static rigid plates already reported in the literature. The use of hinged plates has been proven to provide with a significant attenuation of the system response and its associated drag, a feature that can be considered of practical relevance in many engineering applications. In addition, the key aspects for designing these elements as the torsional stiffness and plate length have been analyzed here.Junta de Andalucía, Universidad de Jaén, and European Funds under Project No. FEDER-UJA 1262764Project Nos. TED2021-131805B-C21 and TED2021-131805B-C22 financed by the Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/and the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTRGrant No. FJC2020-043093-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and, as appropriate, by “ESF Investing in your future” or by European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTRSpanish MECD through No. FPU20/0726

Advancement of new research in Carmona Roman Necropolis

La necrópolis romana de Carmona fue excavada fundamentalmente a finales del siglo xix. Desde entonces la significación cultural de los tipos de enterramientos que la caracterizan, cremaciones en cámaras hipogeas de carácter familiar, ha estado presente enThe necrópolis romana de Carmona was excavated mainly in the late nineteenth century. Since then the cultural significance of the burial typology that characterizes this site familiar cremation hypogean chambers has been under the debate of the romanizat

Food ProteineInduced Enterocolitis Syndrome in Adulthood: Clinical Characteristics, Prognosis, and Risk Factors

Background: Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) in adults is being increasingly recognized; however, little is known about its characteristics.Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics, prognosis, and associated factors in adult FPIES.Methods: A 10-year prospective study was conducted in the Allergy Section of Alicante General Hospital in adults diagnosed with FPIES. Detailed interviews with patients and oral food challenges (OFCs) were performed to confirm diagnosis or evaluate for tolerance. Comorbidities and possible risk factors were analyzed retrospectively through electronic medical records to assess their association with the disease.Results: One hundred and seven adults with FPIES (93.5% female) were followed for a median of 6.2 years. Abdominal pain was the most common manifestation (96.3%), followed by diarrhea (72%) and vomiting (60.7%). Seafood (59.8%), egg (14%), and milk (10.3%) were the most common triggers, whereas 43.9% reacted to more than 1 food group. We performed 49 OFCs: 9 to confirm diagnosis and 40 to evaluate for tolerance. After a median 3.5 years, 16.8% achieved tolerance. Resolution was correlated inversely with duration of the disease (P = .04) and seafood (P = .023) but not with age of onset. The prevalence of gastrointestinal pathologies such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), eosinophilic esophagitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and celiac disease was higher than in the general population. A higher number of FPIES triggers were correlated with also having a diagnosis of IBS (P = .02).Conclusions: Although adult FPIES normally persists, some patients achieve tolerance. Adults with FPIES have a relatively high prevalence of gastrointestinal pathologies. The predominance of women may be related to hormonal factors. The clinical differences with pediatric FPIES warrant a revision of diagnostic criteria in adults

Food ProteineInduced Enterocolitis Syndrome in Adulthood: Clinical Characteristics, Prognosis, and Risk Factors

Food proteineinduced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) in adults is being increasingly recognized; however, little is known about its characteristics. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical characteristics, prognosis, and associated factors in adult FPIES. METHODS: A 10-year prospective study was conducted in the Allergy Section of Alicante General Hospital in adults diagnosed with FPIES. Detailed interviews with patients and oral food challenges (OFCs) were performed to confirm diagnosis or evaluate for tolerance. Comorbidities and possible risk factors were analyzed retrospectively through electronic medical records to assess their association with the disease. RESULTS: One hundred and seven adults with FPIES (93.5% female) were followed for a median of 6.2 years. Abdominal pain was the most common manifestation (96.3%), followed by diarrhea (72%) and vomiting (60.7%). Seafood (59.8%), egg (14%), and milk (10.3%) were the most common triggers, whereas 43.9% reacted to more than 1 food group. We performed 49 OFCs: 9 to confirm diagnosis and 40 to evaluate for tolerance. After a median 3.5 years, 16.8% achieved tolerance. Resolution was correlated inversely with duration of the disease (P[.04) and seafood (P[.023) but not with age of onset. The prevalence of gastrointestinal pathologies such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), eosinophilic esophagitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and celiac disease was higher than in the general population. A higher number of FPIES triggers were correlated with also having a diagnosis of IBS (P [ .02).CONCLUSIONS: Although adult FPIES normally persists, some patients achieve tolerance. Adults with FPIES have a relatively high prevalence of gastrointestinal pathologies. The predominance of women may be related to hormonal factors. The clinical differences with pediatric FPIES warrant a revision of diagnostic criteria in adults

Universal scaling behaviour of surface tension of molecular chains

We use and extend the universal relationship recently proposed by Galliero [G. Galliero, J. Chem. Phys. 133, 074705 (2010)], based on a combination of the corresponding-states principle of Guggenheim [E. A. Guggenheim, J. Chem. Phys. 13, 253 (1945)] and the parachor approach of Macleod [J. Macleod, Trans. Faraday Soc. 19, 38 (1923)], to predict the vapour-liquid surface tension of fully flexible chainlike Lennard-Jones molecules. In the original study of Galliero, the reduced surface tension of short-chain molecules formed by up to five monomers is expressed as a unique function of the difference between the liquid and vapour coexistence densities. In this work, we extend the applicability of the recipe and demonstrate that it is also valid for predicting the surface tension of two different chainlike molecular models, namely, linear tangent chains that interact through the Lennard-Jones intermolecular potential and fully flexible chains formed by spherical segments inter- acting through the square-well potential. Computer simulation data for vapour-liquid surface tension of fully flexible and rigid linear Lennard-Jones, and fluid flexible square-well chains is taken from our previous works. Our results indicate that the universal scaling relationship is able to correlate short- and long-chain molecules with different degrees of flexibility and interacting through different inter- molecular potentials.The authors would like to acknowledge helpful discus- sions with B. Mendiboure, D. Bessières, F. Plantier, M. M. Piñeiro, and J. M. Míguez. This work was supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN, Spain) through Grants Nos. FIS2010-14866 and FIS2010-22047-C05-05. Further financial support from Proyecto de Excelencia from Junta de Andalucía (Grant No. P07-FQM02884), Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (Grant No. MODELICO-P2009EPS-1691), and Universidad de Huelva are also acknowledged

Biología y control de la Vespa velutina

En 2014 se obtienen los primeros registros de la avispa asiática (Vespa velutina Lepeletier, 1836) en Europa, concretamente en Francia. Unos años después se empiezan a encontrar nidos y ejemplares en diferentes puntos de España. En este documento se examinan los aspectos relevantes sobre esta especie, tales como su biología, ecología, origen y dispersión y su impacto a nivel ecológico, social, económico y sanitario. Además, se realiza un análisis de las publicaciones realizadas de carácter científico, así como protocolos, estrategias de control y posible erradicación de la avispa asiática a nivel estatal y autonómico. La rápida invasión de esta especie ha despertado un gran interés entre los científicos ya que todavía se están estudiando aspectos importantes de su biología y ecología que puedan facilitar el control de la población. Finalmente, teniendo en cuenta que la erradicación de la Vespa velutina es casi imposible, se explica el beneficio que podría aportar su presencia. <br /

2023 19th International Conference on the Design of Reliable Communication Networks (DRCN),

Producción CientíficaLink failures have a significant negative impact on the availability of a network and should therefore be resolved as soon as possible. Because of the slow convergence time of routing protocols upon detection of a link failure, several IP Fast ReRoute (FRR) mechanisms have been developed to overcome this problem. Recently, segment routing, which is a flexible and scalable way of doing source routing, enabled a new FRR mechanism called Topology Independent Loop-Free Alternate (TI-LFA). As the name suggests, the key feature of TI-LFA is that it guarantees a loop-free detour against any link failure in any network topology. However, typically fast responses to failures only aim to restore the loop-free connection between the affected routers and do not consider the resulting delay or impact on network congestion. This paper presents an initial study on the selected TI-LFA backup paths and their effect on the overall network performance. By means of simulation, we evaluate how efficient TI-LFA reroutes traffic for a number of traffic engineering approaches. Our results quantify the impact of different traffic engineering approaches and network loads on the performance of TI-LFA. This suggests potential directions for improving the effectiveness of TI-LFA protection in segment routing.EU H2020 MSCA ITN-ETN IoTalentum (grant no. 953442)EU H2020-ICT-52-2020 TeraFlow Project (grant 101015857)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Proyecto PID2020-112675RB-C42 financiado por MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033

Vapour–liquid interfacial properties of square-well chains from density functional theory and Monte Carlo simulation

The statistical associating fluid theory for attractive potentials of variable range (SAFT-VR) density functional theory (DFT) developed by [Gloor et al., J. Chem. Phys., 2004, 121, 12740–12759] is used to predict the interfacial behaviour of molecules modelled as fully-flexible square-well chains formed from tangentially-bonded monomers of diameter s and potential range l = 1.5s. Four different model systems, comprising 4, 8, 12, and 16 monomers per molecule, are considered. In addition to that, we also compute a number of interfacial properties of molecular chains from direct simulation of the vapour–liquid interface. The simulations are performed in the canonical ensemble, and the vapour– liquid interfacial tension is evaluated using the wandering interface (WIM) method, a technique based on the thermodynamic definition of surface tension. Apart from surface tension, we also obtain density profiles, coexistence densities, vapour pressures, and critical temperature and density, paying particular attention to the effect of the chain length on these properties. According to our results, the main effect of increasing the chain length (at fixed temperature) is to sharpen the vapour–liquid interface and to increase the width of the biphasic coexistence region. As a result, the interfacial thickness decreases and the surface tension increases as the molecular chains get longer. The interfacial thickness and surface tension appear to exhibit an asymptotic limiting behaviour for long chains. A similar behaviour is also observed for the coexistence densities and critical properties. Agreement between theory and simulation results indicates that SAFT-VR DFT is only able to predict qualitatively the interfacial properties of the model. Our results are also compared with simulation data taken from the literature, including the vapour–liquid coexistence densities, vapour pressures, and surface tension.Francisco José Martínez-Ruiz, Felipe J. Blas and A.Ignacio Moreno-Ventas Bravo acknowledge Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain for financial support from project FIS2013-49620-C2-1-P, co financed with EU Feder funds. We also acknowledge financial support from project number FIS2015-71749-REDT ‘‘Red de Simulación Molecular’’, Acciones de Dinamización Redes de Excelencia del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad. Additional support from Universidad de Huelva and Junta de Andalucía is also acknowledged