34 research outputs found
Virological failure and development of new resistance mutations according to CD4 count at combination antiretroviral therapy initiation
- Author
- Ainsworth J.
- Aitken Celia
- Allan S.
- Allan S.
- Anderson J.
- Asboe D.
- Asboe David
- Ashton Lynn
- Atkinson C.
- Booth Claire
- Bradley-Stewart Amanda
- Brima N.
- Campbell L.
- Cane Patricia
- Carder M.
- Chadwick D.
- Chadwick David
- Chaloner C.
- Churchill D.
- Churchill Duncan
- Clark Duncan
- Clay S.
- Collins Simon
- Cope E.
- Cox A.
- Cox Alison
- Cumming S.
- de Souza C.
- Delpech Valerie
- Delpech Valerie
- Dhillon M.
- Douthwaite Samuel
- Dunn D.
- Dunn David
- Everett R.
- Fawcett Tracy
- Fearnhill Esther
- Fidler S.
- Fisher M.
- Fisher Martin
- Fraser Christophe
- Garcia-Diaz Ana
- Gazzard B.
- Gazzard Brian
- Geretti Anna Maria
- Gibson J.
- Gilson R.
- Gilson Richard
- Glabay Adam
- Gleisner Z.
- Gompels M.
- Gompels Mark
- Greatorex Jane
- Gunson Rory
- Hale Antony
- Hand J.
- Harte A.
- Hay P.
- Hay Phillip
- Hill T.
- Hill Teresa
- Hopkins Mark
- Hubb Jonathan
- Hunter
- Huntington S.
- Hutchinson S.
- Hué Stéphane
- Ibrahim F.
- Johnson M.
- Johnson Margaret
- Jones R.
- Jose S.
- Jose Sophie
- Kaye Steve
- Kegg S.
- Kegg Stephen
- Kellam Paul
- Kirk Stuart
- Korat H.
- Lampe F.
- Lazarus Linda
- Leen C.
- Leen C.
- Leigh-Brown Andrew
- Lewszuk A.
- Lynch J.
- Mackie N.
- Mackie Nicola
- Main P.
- Mandalia S.
- Martin F.
- Martin Fabiola
- Mbisa Tamyo
- Memon K.
- Miller S.
- Mitchell
- Morris S.
- Moses Samuel
- Mullen Jane
- Munshi S.
- Nastouli Eleni
- Nelson M.
- Nelson Mark
- O'Shea Siobhan
- Orkin C.
- Orkin Chloe
- Palfreeman A.
- Palfreeman Adrian
- Payne Brendan
- Pereira Spiro
- Perry N.
- Phillips A.
- Phillips Andrew
- Pillay Deenan
- Porter Kholoud
- Post F.
- Post F.
- Pozniak Anton
- Pritchard J.
- Pritchard Jillian
- Quinn K.
- Ramzan F.
- Russell-Sharpe S.
- Sabin C.
- Sabin Caroline
- Sachikony M.
- Sachikonye Memory
- Schmid Matthias L.
- Schwenk A.
- Schwenk Achim
- Shepherd Jill
- Smit Erasmus
- Smith C.
- Spencer H.
- Tandy Richard
- Tariq A.
- Tariq Anjum
- Taylor C.
- Templeton Kate
- Thornton A.
- Thornton Alicia
- Tilbury S.
- Tilston Peter
- Tostevin Anna
- Tsintas R.
- Walsh J.
- Walsh John
- Weber J.
- Webster Daniel
- White Ellen
- Williams I.
- Williams Ian
- Wilson A.
- Winston A.
- Wood C.
- Youle M.
- Youssef E.
- Zhang Hongyi
- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- 01/07/2015
- Field of study
Objectives: No randomized controlled trials have yet reported an individual patient benefit of initiating combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) at CD4 counts > 350 cells/μL. It is hypothesized that earlier initiation of cART in asymptomatic and otherwise healthy individuals may lead to poorer adherence and subsequently higher rates of resistance development. Methods: In a large cohort of HIV-positive individuals, we investigated the emergence of new resistance mutations upon virological treatment failure according to the CD4 count at the initiation of cART. Results: Of 7918 included individuals, 6514 (82.3%), 996 (12.6%) and 408 (5.2%) started cART with a CD4 count ≤ 350, 351-499 and ≥ 500 cells/μL, respectively. Virological rebound occurred while on cART in 488 (7.5%), 46 (4.6%) and 30 (7.4%) with a baseline CD4 count ≤ 350, 351-499 and ≥ 500 cells/μL, respectively. Only four (13.0%) individuals with a baseline CD4 count > 350 cells/μL in receipt of a resistance test at viral load rebound were found to have developed new resistance mutations. This compared to 107 (41.2%) of those with virological failure who had initiated cART with a CD4 count < 350 cells/μL. Conclusions: We found no evidence of increased rates of resistance development when cART was initiated at CD4 counts above 350 cells/μL. HIV Medicin
Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome
- Author
- . Haifeng
- . Magner
- . Yin
- Abbott Scott
- Abbott-Ozersky Amanda
- Abdellah Zahra
- Abouelleil Amr
- Abrajano Anne
- Adachi Tamami
- Adam Catherine
- Adams Charles Q.
- Adamson Aaron
- Adekoya Emmanuel
- Adio-Oduola Babajide
- Aerts Andrea
- Aggarwal Arun
- Ahmadi Alireza
- Ahmed Shahana
- Aimable Matthew
- Ainscough Rachael
- Ait-Zahra Mostafa
- Aizu Tomoyuki
- Alcivare Dana
- Alegria Michelle
- Ali Alla
- Ali Johar
- Allegria-hartmann Michelle
- Alleman Jennifer
- Allen Carlana C.
- Allen Heather
- Allen Nicole R.
- Allen Susan
- Allen Thaddeus
- Almeida Jeff
- Almond Claire
- Alsbrooks Stephen L.
- Altherr Michael R.
- Amaratunge Harshinie C.
- Ambler Andrew
- Ambrose Karen
- Ambrose Kerrie
- Amemiya Chris
- Amico-Keller Gina
- Amin Amita G.
- Anderson Mechele
- Anderson Scott
- Anderson Scott
- Andora Janice
- Andredesz Carol
- Andrew Robert
- Andrews Dan
- Andrews Daniel
- Andrews Neil
- Andrews Stephanie
- Andriese Tim
- Anthouard Véronique
- Antonarakis Stylianos E.
- Anyalebechi Vivian
- Aoki Norie
- Apostolou Sinoula
- Apweiler Eva
- Arachchi Harindra
- Arai Rie
- Arbery Hazel
- Arcaina Marlon
- Arcaina Terisita
- Archer Beth
- Arellano Andre
- Arellano-Jones Perry
- Armbruster Jeff
- Armstrong Jon
- Arredondo Dilrukshi P.
- Arredondo Heather Hope
- Artiguenave François
- Asakawa Shuichi
- Asakawa Teruyo
- Ash Gareth
- Ashcroft Kevin
- Ashurst Jennifer
- Ashwell Robert
- Ashworth Linda K.
- Aslanidis Cara
- Asomugha Chinwe O.
- Asuncion Lawreen
- Atkin Deborah
- Atkinson Andrea
- Atkinson Barry
- Attix Cristina
- Attwood John
- Aubin Keith
- Auger Katherine
- Austin Shannon Michelle
- Avila Aaron
- Avis Terry
- Ayele Mulu
- Babayan Primo
- Babbage Anne
- Babbage Sarah
- Bach Phil
- Bachatsang Pasang
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- Badri Hummy
- Baertsch Robert
- Bagguley Claire
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- Bajorek Eva
- Baker Andrew
- Baker Dan
- Baker M.
- Baker Richard
- Bakis Michele
- Baldwin Jennifer
- Banda Michael
- Banerjee Ruby
- Bao Jingyue
- Bao Qiyu
- Bao Weidong
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- Barbaria Joseph A.
- Barbe Valérie
- Bardill Simon
- Barker Daniel
- Barker Darren
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- Beasley Oliver
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- Beck Alfred
- Beck Stephen
- Becker Michael
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- Belter Edward A., Jr.
- Bemrose Richard
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- Benke J
- Benner William
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- Bentley Andrew
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- Berardinis Véronique de
- Bercovitz John
- Berghoff Amy
- Bergmann Anne
- Berkowicz Nicolas
- Berks Mary
- Berks Michael
- Bethel Graeme
- Beugelsdijk Tony J.
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- Blazej Robert
- Blitshsteyn Berta
- Blomstrom David B.
- Bloom Scott
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- Blumer Heather
- Blye Jason
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- Blöcker Helmut
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- Bondoc Marnel
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- Bonnett Ralph
- Bonnin David
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- Borowsky Mark
- Borzym Katja
- Boukhgalter Boris
- Bowen Eric
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- Bradshaw-Cordum Holly
- Brady Nicola
- Brandriff Brigitte F.
- Brannon Wade
- Branscomb Elbert
- Bray Jason
- Bray-Allen Sarah
- Brettin Thomas
- Bridgeman Anne
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- Brimhall Angela K.
- Brokstein Peter
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- Chertkov Olga
- Cheshatsang Yama
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- Citroen Mieke
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- Clark Lynn
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- Howden Philip
- Howe Kevin
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- Huang Wei
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- Huckle Elizabeth
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- Hupman Matt
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- Inacio Nicole
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- Ishibashi Akiko
- Ishikawa Sabine K.
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- Jaklevic Michael
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- Lowenstein Michael G.
- Lowry Stephen
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- MacLean Christine
- Madabhushi Ramki
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- McMurray Kimberly
- McMurray Kimberly L.
- McNinch Jenny
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- Munidasa Mala
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- Murayama Yuji
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- Naka Maho
- Nakagawa Masayo
- Nakagawa Saori
- Nakamura Etsuko
- Nakato Eriko
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- Nankervis Colin E.
- Naranjo Cleo M.
- Nash William
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- Nazareth Lynne V.
- Neal Dearl D.
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- Nelson Deborah A.
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- Nusbaum Chad
- Nwaokelemeh Ogechi O.
- Nwokenkwo Stanley
- O\u27Donnell Paula
- O\u27Donovan Daniel
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- O\u27Loughlin Jennifer
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- Okui Michiyo
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- Okwuonu Geoffrey O.
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- Olarnpunsagoon Alisa
- Olivas Jason
- Oliver Hayley
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- Olson Maynard V.
- Omotosho Bamidele
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- Ow David
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- Parkin Kim
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- Pasternak Shiran
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- Patel Jalpa N.
- Patel Ritesh
- Patel Shripa
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- Paul Heidie A.
- Paul Shelia
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- Peng Ze
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- Pennacchio Len A.
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- Percy Chantel
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- Perez Lesette M.
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- Sonnhammer Erik
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- Su Xiaohu
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- Zembeck Lisa
- Zeng Yixin
- Zhai Dong
- Zhan Guoping
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- Zhang Caimin
- Zhang Fengmei
- Zhang Guangyu
- Zhang Guohua
- Zhang Guohua
- Zhang Haiqing
- Zhang Haiqing
- Zhang Haiqing
- Zhang Hongbo
- Zhang Hongbo
- Zhang Jingjing
- Zhang Jingjing
- Zhang Jingkun
- Zhang Jiuchun
- Zhang Jiuchun
- Zhang Lanzhi
- Zhang Li
- Zhang Li
- Zhang Meihua
- Zhang Meng
- Zhang Ming
- Zhang Qing
- Zhang Ruhua
- Zhang Shaojie
- Zhang Tiezhen
- Zhang Wei
- Zhang Wei
- Zhang Xianglin
- Zhang Xianglin
- Zhang Xiaoliang
- Zhang Xiuqing
- Zhang Yan
- Zhang Yi
- Zhang Yilin
- Zhang Yilin
- Zhang Ying
- Zhang Yuansen
- Zhang Yuzhi
- Zhang Zhengdong
- Zhao Hongmei
- Zhao Lijian
- Zhao Shenru
- Zhao Zhijing
- Zhen Zhicheng
- Zheng Haibo
- Zhong Ming
- Zhou Carol
- Zhou Haixia
- Zhou Jianling
- Zhou Nannan
- Zhou Xinfeng
- Zhou Yan
- Zhou Yang
- Zhou Yi
- Zhu Bingying
- Zhu Bofeng
- Zhu Fenghua
- Zhu Genfeng
- Zhu Genfeng
- Zhu Miao
- Zhu Ning
- Zhu Yongge
- Zhu Zhen
- Zhuang Shitao
- Zierten Deborah
- Zimmer Andrew
- Zody Michael C.
- Zollo Massimo
- Zorrilla Sara E.
- Zuo Lin
- Publication venue
- LSU Digital Commons
- Publication date
- 21/10/2004
- Field of study
The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead
Changes in symptomatology, reinfection, and transmissibility associated with the SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7: an ecological study
- Author
- Aanensen David M
- Abudahab Khalil
- Acheson Erwan
- Adams Alexander
- Adams Helen
- Afifi Safiah
- Aggarwal Dinesh
- Ahmad Shazaad S Y
- Aigrain Louise
- Alam Mohammad T.
- Alcolea-Medina Adela
- Alderton Alex
- Alikhan Nabil-Fareed
- Allara Elias
- Amato Roberto
- Andersson Monique
- Angyal Adrienn
- Antonelli Michela
- Aranday-Cortes Elihu
- Ariani Cristina V
- Asad Hibo
- Asamaphan Patawee
- Ash Amy
- Ashcroft Fiona
- Atkinson Laura
- Attwood Stephen W
- Auckland Cressida
- Awan Ali R
- Aydin Alp
- Baker David J
- Baker Paul
- Balcazar Carlos E
- Ball Jonathan
- Barrett Jeff
- Barton Edward
- Bashton Matthew
- Bassett Andrew R
- Batra Rahul
- Baxter Laura
- Bayzid Nadua
- Beale Mathew A
- Beaver Charlotte
- Beckett Angela H
- Bedford Luke
- Beer Robert
- Beggs Andrew
- Bellis Katherine L
- Berry Lisa
- Berry Louise
- Best Angus
- Betancor Gilberto
- Betteridge Emma
- Bewshea Claire M
- Bibby David
- Bicknell Kelly
- Birchley Alec
- Bird Paul
- Bishop Chloe
- Blacow Rachel
- Blakey Victoria
- Blane Beth
- Bolt Frances
- Bonfield James
- Bonner Stephen
- Bonsall David
- Boswell Tim
- Bosworth Andrew
- Bourgeois Yann
- Boyd Olivia
- BoYes John
- Bradley Amanda
- Bradley Declan T
- Bradshaw Daniel
- Breen Cassie
- Bresner Catherine
- Breuer Judith
- Bridgewater Hannah E.
- Bronner Iraad F
- Brooks Ellena
- Broos Alice
- Brown Julianne Rose
- Brown Paul E
- Brown Rebecca
- Bucca Giselda
- Buck David
- Bull Matthew
- Burton-Fanning Shirelle
- Campbell Sharon
- Canas Liane S
- Capdevila Joan
- Carabelli Alessandro M
- Carden Holli
- Carlile Matthew
- Carmichael Stephen N
- Casey Anna
- Cerda Alberto C
- Chalker Vicki
- Chan Andrew T
- Chand Meera
- Chapman Michael R
- Chappell Joseph G
- Charalampous Themoula
- Chatterton Wendy
- Chaudhry Yasmin
- Chauhan Anoop J
- Cheng Jeffrey K.J.
- Churcher Carol M
- Clark Gemma
- Cogger Benjamin J
- Coll Francesc
- Collins Jennifer
- Connor Thomas R
- Constantinidou Chrystala
- Cook Kate
- Coombes Jason
- Corden Sally
- Cormie Claire
- Cortes Nick
- Cotic Marius
- Cottrell Simon
- Coupland Lindsay
- Cowell Angela
- Cox Alison
- Craine Noel
- Crawford Liam
- Cronin Michelle
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- Curran Tanya
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- Debebe Johnny
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- Downing Fatima
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- Drury Eleanor
- du Plessis Louis
- Duckworth Nichola
- Durham Jillian
- Eccles Richard
- Edgeworth Jonathan
- Edwards Sue
- Eldirdiri Sahar
- Ellaby Nicholas
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- Eltringham Gary
- Ensell Leah
- Escalera Zamudio Marina
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- Eyre David
- Fairley Derek J
- Fallon Karlie
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- Freeman Timothy M
- Frost Lucy R.
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- Galai Katerina
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- Gallagher Michael D
- Gallis Marta
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- Gatica-Wilcox Bree
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- Georgana Iliana
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- Gupta Ravi Kumar
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- Hammers Alexander
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- Heaney Judith
- Helmer Thomas
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- Heyburn David
- Higginson Ellen E
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- Hogsden Wendy
- Holden Matthew T.G.
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- Manesis Nikos
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- Wright Victoria
- Wyatt Tim
- Wyles Matthew
- Wyllie Sarah
- Xu-McCrae Li
- Yeats Corin A
- Yew Wen C
- Young Greg
- Young Jamie
- Zarebski Alex E
- Zhang Peijun
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/05/2021
- Field of study
Background
The SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 was first identified in December, 2020, in England. We aimed to investigate whether increases in the proportion of infections with this variant are associated with differences in symptoms or disease course, reinfection rates, or transmissibility.
Methods
We did an ecological study to examine the association between the regional proportion of infections with the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant and reported symptoms, disease course, rates of reinfection, and transmissibility. Data on types and duration of symptoms were obtained from longitudinal reports from users of the COVID Symptom Study app who reported a positive test for COVID-19 between Sept 28 and Dec 27, 2020 (during which the prevalence of B.1.1.7 increased most notably in parts of the UK). From this dataset, we also estimated the frequency of possible reinfection, defined as the presence of two reported positive tests separated by more than 90 days with a period of reporting no symptoms for more than 7 days before the second positive test. The proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infections with the B.1.1.7 variant across the UK was estimated with use of genomic data from the COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium and data from Public Health England on spike-gene target failure (a non-specific indicator of the B.1.1.7 variant) in community cases in England. We used linear regression to examine the association between reported symptoms and proportion of B.1.1.7. We assessed the Spearman correlation between the proportion of B.1.1.7 cases and number of reinfections over time, and between the number of positive tests and reinfections. We estimated incidence for B.1.1.7 and previous variants, and compared the effective reproduction number, Rt, for the two incidence estimates.
Findings
From Sept 28 to Dec 27, 2020, positive COVID-19 tests were reported by 36 920 COVID Symptom Study app users whose region was known and who reported as healthy on app sign-up. We found no changes in reported symptoms or disease duration associated with B.1.1.7. For the same period, possible reinfections were identified in 249 (0·7% [95% CI 0·6–0·8]) of 36 509 app users who reported a positive swab test before Oct 1, 2020, but there was no evidence that the frequency of reinfections was higher for the B.1.1.7 variant than for pre-existing variants. Reinfection occurrences were more positively correlated with the overall regional rise in cases (Spearman correlation 0·56–0·69 for South East, London, and East of England) than with the regional increase in the proportion of infections with the B.1.1.7 variant (Spearman correlation 0·38–0·56 in the same regions), suggesting B.1.1.7 does not substantially alter the risk of reinfection. We found a multiplicative increase in the Rt of B.1.1.7 by a factor of 1·35 (95% CI 1·02–1·69) relative to pre-existing variants. However, Rt fell below 1 during regional and national lockdowns, even in regions with high proportions of infections with the B.1.1.7 variant.
Interpretation
The lack of change in symptoms identified in this study indicates that existing testing and surveillance infrastructure do not need to change specifically for the B.1.1.7 variant. In addition, given that there was no apparent increase in the reinfection rate, vaccines are likely to remain effective against the B.1.1.7 variant.
Funding
Zoe Global, Department of Health (UK), Wellcome Trust, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), National Institute for Health Research (UK), Medical Research Council (UK), Alzheimer's Society
Genomic assessment of quarantine measures to prevent SARS-CoV-2 importation and transmission
- Author
- Aanensen David M.
- Abudahab Khalil
- Acheson Erwan
- Adams Alexander
- Adams Helen
- Afifi Safiah
- Aggarwal Dinesh
- Aggarwal Dinesh
- Ahmad Shazaad S. Y.
- Aigrain Louise
- Alam Mohammad T.
- Alcolea-Medina Adela
- Alderton Alex
- Alikhan Nabil-Fareed
- Allara Elias
- Amato Roberto
- Andersson Monique
- Angyal Adrienn
- Aranday-Cortes Elihu
- Ariani Cristina V.
- Asad Hibo
- Asamaphan Patawee
- Ash Amy
- Ashcroft Fiona
- Atkinson Laura
- Attwood Stephen W.
- Auckland Cressida
- Awan Ali R.
- Aydin Alp
- Baker David J.
- Baker Paul
- Balcazar Carlos E.
- Ball Jonathan
- Barrett Jeff
- Barton Edward
- Bashton Matthew
- Bassett Andrew R.
- Batra Rahul
- Baxter Laura
- Bayzid Nadua
- Beale Mathew A.
- Beaver Charlotte
- Beckett Angela H.
- Bedford Luke
- Beer Robert
- Beggs Andrew
- Bellis Katherine L.
- Berry Lisa
- Berry Louise
- Best Angus
- Betancor Gilberto
- Betteridge Emma
- Bewshea Claire M.
- Bibby David
- Bicknell Kelly
- Birchley Alec
- Bird Paul
- Bishop Chloe
- Blacow Rachel
- Blakey Victoria
- Blane Beth
- Bolt Frances
- Bonfield James
- Bonner Stephen
- Bonsall David
- Boswell Tim
- Bosworth Andrew
- Bourgeois Yann
- Boyd Olivia
- BoYes John
- Bradley Amanda
- Bradley Declan T.
- Bradshaw Daniel
- Breen Cassie
- Bresner Catherine
- Breuer Judith
- Bridgewater Hannah E.
- Bronner Iraad F.
- Brooks Ellena
- Broos Alice
- Brown Julianne R.
- Brown Paul E.
- Brown Rebecca
- Bucca Giselda
- Buck David
- Bull Matthew
- Burton-Fanning Shirelle
- Campbell Sharon
- Carabelli Alessandro M.
- Carden Holli
- Carlile Matthew
- Carmichael Stephen N.
- Casey Anna
- Cerda Alberto C.
- Chalker Vicki
- Chand Meera
- Chapman Michael H. Spencer
- Chapman Michael R.
- Chappell Joseph G.
- Charalampous Themoula
- Chatterton Wendy
- Chaudhry Yasmin
- Chauhan Anoop J.
- Chen Cong
- Cheng Jeffrey K. J.
- Churcher Carol M.
- Clark Gemma
- Cogger Benjamin J.
- Coll Francesc
- Collins Jennifer
- Connor Thomas R.
- Constantinidou Chrystala
- Cook Kate
- Coombes Jason
- Corden Sally
- Cormie Claire
- Cortes Nick
- Cotic Marius
- Cottrell Simon
- Coupland Lindsay
- Cowell Angela
- Cox Alison
- Craine Noel
- Crawford Liam
- Cronin Michelle
- Crook Derrick
- Cumley Nicola
- Curran Martin D.
- Curran Tanya
- da Silva Filipe Ana
- Dabrera Gavin
- Dadrah Ashok
- Danesh John
- Darby Alistair C.
- Davidson Rose K.
- Davies Alisha
- Davies Robert
- Davis Thomas
- de Cesare Mariateresa
- De Lacy Elen
- de Oliveira Martins Leonardo
- de Silva Thushan I.
- Debebe Johnny
- Dent Hannah
- Dervisevic Samir
- Dewar Rebecca
- Dias Joana
- Dorman Matthew J.
- Downing Fatima
- Drury Eleanor
- du Plessis Louis
- Duckworth Nichola
- Durham Jillian
- Eccles Richard
- Edgeworth Jonathan
- Edwards Sue
- Eldirdiri Sahar
- Ellaby Nicholas
- Ellard Sian
- Elliott Scott
- Eltringham Gary
- Ensell Leah
- Essex Sarah
- Evans Cariad
- Evans Johnathan M.
- Eyre David
- Fairley Derek J.
- Fallon Karlie
- Farbos Audrey
- Farr Ben W.
- Fearn Christopher
- Fenton Melisa L.
- Fina Laia
- Fisher Chloe L.
- Flaviani Flavia
- Fleming Vicki M.
- Forrest Sally
- Foulser Luke
- Francois Sarah
- Fraser Christophe
- Freeman Timothy M.
- Frost Lucy R.
- Fuller William
- Galai Katerina
- Gallagher Eileen
- Gallagher Eileen
- Gallagher Michael D.
- Gallis Marta
- Gaskin Amy
- Gatica-Wilcox Bree
- Geidelberg Lily
- Gemmell Matthew
- Georgana Iliana
- George Ryan P.
- Gifford Laura
- Gilbert Lauren
- Gill Harmeet K.
- Girgis Sophia T.
- Glaysher Sharon
- Golubchik Tanya
- Goncalves Sonia
- Goodfellow Ian G.
- Goodwin Scott
- Goudarzi Salman
- Gourtovaia Marina
- Graham Clive
- Graham Lee
- Grammatopoulos Dimitris
- Green Angie
- Green Luke R.
- Greenaway Jane
- Gregory Richard
- Groves Danielle C.
- Groves Natalie
- Guest Martyn
- Gulliver Huw
- Gunson Rory N.
- Gupta Ravi K.
- Gutierrez Bernardo
- Hadjirin Nazreen F.
- Haldenby Sam T.
- Hale Antony D.
- Hall Grant
- Halstead Fenella
- Hamilton William L.
- Haque Tanzina
- Harper Katherine L.
- Harris Kathryn A.
- Harrison Abbie
- Harrison Ewan M.
- Harrison Ewan M.
- Harrison Ian
- Harrison James W.
- Hart Jennifer
- Hartley John A.
- Hartman Hassan
- Hassan-Ibrahim Mohammed O.
- Heaney Judith
- Helmer Thomas
- Hesketh Andrew R.
- Heyburn David
- Higginson Ellen E.
- Hill Verity
- Hilvers Ember
- Hiscox Julian A.
- Hogsden Wendy
- Holden Matthew T. G.
- Holmes Alison
- Holmes Christopher
- Holmes Nadine
- Hopes Richard
- Hosmillo Myra
- Howe Robin
- Howson-Wells Hannah C.
- Hubb Jonathan
- Hughes Gareth J.
- Hughes Joseph
- Hughes Margaret
- Hutchings Stephanie
- Illingworth Chris J.
- Impey Robert
- Irish-Tavares Dianne
- Iturriza-Gomara Miren
- Jackson Chris
- Jackson David K.
- Jackson Kathryn A.
- Jahun Aminu S.
- James Keith
- Jamrozy Dorota
- Jannoo Riaz
- Jeffries Aaron R.
- Jeremiah Sarah
- Jesudason Natasha G.
- John Michaela
- Johnson Kate
- Johnson Natasha
- Johnson Rob
- Johnston Ian
- Jones Carl
- Jones Christopher R.
- Jones Hannah
- Jones Katie
- Jones Rachel
- Jones Sophie
- Jorgensen David
- Joseph Amelia
- Justice Anita
- Kane Leanne
- Karamani Angeliki
- Kay Gemma L.
- Kay Sally
- Keatley Jon-Paul
- Keeley Alexander J.
- Kenyon Anita
- Kermack Leanne M.
- Khakh Manjinder
- Kidd Stephen
- Kitchen Christine
- Knight Bridget A.
- Koshy Cherian
- Kraemer Moritz U. G.
- Kristiansen Mark
- Kumziene-SummerhaYes Sara
- Kwiatkowski Dominic
- Lackenby Angie
- Langford Cordelia F.
- Lawniczak Mara
- Le Viet Thanh
- Le-Viet Thanh
- Ledesma Juan
- Lee David
- Lee Jack C. D.
- Leek Danielle
- Lensing Stefanie V.
- Leonard Steven
- Letchford Laura
- Levene Nick
- Levett Lisa J.
- Lewis Kevin
- Li Kathy K.
- Liddle Jennifier
- Liggett Steven
- Lindsey Benjamin B.
- Lister Michelle M.
- Livett Rich
- Lloyd Allyson
- Lo Stephanie
- Logan Sophie
- Loman Nicholas J.
- Loose Matthew W.
- Louka Stavroula F.
- Loveson Katie F.
- Lowe Hannah
- Lowe Helen L.
- Lucaci Anita O.
- Ludden Catherine
- Lynch Jessica
- Lyons Ronan A.
- Macfarlane-Smith Louissa R.
- Machin Nicholas W.
- MacIntyre-Cockett George
- Maclean Alasdair
- Madona Pinglawathee
- Maes Mailis
- Mahanama Adhyana I. K.
- Mahungu Tabitha W.
- Mair Daniel
- Maksimovic Joshua
- Makunin Alex
- Malone Cassandra S.
- Manesis Nikos
- Manley Robin
- Manso Carmen
- Marchbank Angela
- Martincorena Inigo
- Masoli Jane A. H.
- Mason Jenifer
- Mather Alison E.
- Mayhew Megan
- Mbisa Tamyo
- McCann Clare
- McCarthy Shane
- McCluggage Kathryn
- McClure Patrick C.
- McGuigan Samantha
- McHugh Martin P.
- McKenna James P.
- McKerr Caoimhe
- McManus Georgina M.
- McMurray Claire
- McNally Alan
- Meader Emma J.
- Meadows Lizzie
- Megram Oliver
- Menegazzo Mirko
- Merrick Ian
- Merrill Tammy V.
- Miah Shahjahan
- Michell Stephen L.
- Michelsen Michelle L.
- Mirza Jeremy
- Moles-Garcia Emma
- Moll Robin J.
- Mollett Guy
- Molnar Zoltan
- Monaghan Lynn
- Mookerjee Siddharth
- Moore Catherine
- Moore Christopher
- Moore Jonathan
- Moore Nathan
- Morgan Mari
- Morgan Sian
- Mori Matilde
- Moses Samuel
- Muir Peter
- Munn Robert
- Myers Richard
- Nascimento Fabricia F.
- Nebbia Gaia
- Nelson Andrew
- Nelson Charlotte
- Nelson Rachel
- Nicholls Sam
- Nichols Jenna
- Nickbakhsh Seema
- Niebel Marc O.
- Nomikou Kyriaki
- Nunez Rocio T. Martinez
- Oliver Karen
- Orton Richard J.
- Osman Husam
- Ott Sascha
- O’Brien Sarah
- O’Grady Justin
- O’Toole Elaine
- O’Toole Áine
- Pacchiarini Nicole
- Padgett Debra
- Page Andrew J.
- Palmer Sophie
- Palmer Steve
- Pandey Sarojini
- Park Naomi R.
- Parker Matthew D.
- Parmar Surendra
- Parsons Paul J.
- Partridge David G.
- Patel Amita
- Patel Minal
- Patel Vineet
- Paterson Steve
- Paul Hannah
- Payne Brendan A. I.
- Peacock Sharon J.
- Peacock Sharon J.
- Pearson Clare
- Pelosi Emanuela
- Percival Benita
- Perry Malorie
- Peto Timothy
- Pinckert Malte L.
- Platt Steven
- Plimmer Amy
- Poplawski Radoslaw
- Prestwood Liam
- Price Anna
- Price James
- Prieto Jacqui A.
- Puethe Christoph
- Pusok Monika
- Pybus Oliver G.
- Pymont Hannah M.
- Quail Michael A.
- Quick Joshua
- Raghwani Jayna
- Ragonnet-Cronin Manon
- Rainbow Lucille
- Rajan Diana
- Rajatileka Shavanthi
- Rambaut Andrew
- Ramsay Mary
- Randell Paul A.
- Ratcliffe Liz
- Raviprakash Veena
- Raza Mohammad
- Redshaw Nicholas M.
- Rey Sara
- Reynolds Nicola
- Richter Alex
- Robertson David L.
- Robinson Esther
- Robinson Trevor I.
- Robson Samuel C.
- Rooke Stefan
- Rowan Aileen
- Rowe Will
- Roy Sunando
- Rudder Steven
- Ruis Chris
- Rushton Steven
- Saeed Kordo
- Saluja Tranprit
- Samaraweera Buddhini
- Sambles Christine M.
- Sang Fei
- Savva George M.
- Scarlett Garry P.
- Schaefer Ulf
- Scott Carol
- Scott Garren
- Shaaban Sharif
- Shah Divya
- Shah Rajiv N.
- Shankar Giri
- Shepherd James G.
- Sheriff Nicola
- Shirley Lesley
- Signell Adrian W.
- Sillitoe John
- Silveira Siona
- Simpson David A.
- Singer Joshua B.
- Sivaprakasam Venkat
- Siveroni Igor
- Sloan Tim J.
- Sluga Graciela
- Smith Colin P.
- Smith Darren
- Smith Kim S.
- Smith Louise
- Smith Nikki
- Smith Wendy
- Smollett Katherine L.
- Snell Luke B.
- Southgate Joel
- Spellman Karla
- Sridhar Sushmita
- Stanley Rachael
- Stanton Thomas D.
- Starinskij Igor
- Stark Richard
- Stockton Joanne
- Stonehouse Susanne
- Storey Nathaniel
- Studholme David J.
- Swindells Emma
- Symmonds Amanda
- Taha Yusri
- Tang Julian
- Taylor Ben E. W.
- Taylor Graham P.
- Taylor Sarah
- Taylor-Joyce Grace
- Temperton Ben
- Templeton Kate E.
- The COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG
- Thompson Thomas
- Thomson Emma C.
- Thornton Alicia
- Thurston Scott A. J.
- Todd John A.
- Tong Lily
- Tonkin-Hill Gerry
- Torok M. Estee
- Tovar-Corona Jaime M.
- Trebes Amy
- Trotter Alexander J.
- Tsoleridis Theocharis
- Tucker Rachel M.
- Tumelty Niamh M.
- Turner Charlie
- Turtle Lance
- Twohig Katherine A.
- Underwood Anthony P.
- Unnikrishnan Meera
- Vamos Edith E.
- Vasylyeva Tetyana I.
- Vattipally Sreenu
- Vernet Gabrielle
- Vipond Ian B.
- Volz Erik
- Volz Erik M.
- Walsh Sarah
- Wang Dennis
- Wantoch Michelle
- Warne Ben
- Warwick-Dugdale Joanna
- Wastenge Elizabeth
- Watkins Joanne
- Watts Joanne
- Waugh Sheila
- Webster Hermione J.
- Weldon Danni
- Westhorpe Adam P.
- Whitehead Mark
- Whiteley Max
- Whitwham Andrew
- Wierzbicki Claudia
- Williams Charlotte A.
- Williams Chris
- Williams David
- Williams Lesley-Anne
- Williams Rachel J.
- Williams Rebecca
- Williams Thomas
- Williamson Kathleen A.
- Willingham Iona
- Wilson Harry D.
- Wilson Rebekah E.
- Wilson-Davies Eleri
- Wise Emma
- Witele Eric
- Workman Trudy
- Wright Victoria
- Wyatt Tim
- Wyles Matthew
- Wyllie Sarah
- Xu-McCrae Li
- Yeats Corin A.
- Yew Wen Chyin
- Young Greg
- Young Jamie
- Zamudio Marina Escalera
- Zarebski Alex E.
- Zhang Peijun
- Publication venue
- Nature Publishing
- Publication date
- 01/01/2022
- Field of study
Mitigation of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from international travel is a priority. We evaluated the effectiveness of travellers being required to quarantine for 14-days on return to England in Summer 2020. We identified 4,207 travel-related SARS-CoV-2 cases and their contacts, and identified 827 associated SARS-CoV-2 genomes. Overall, quarantine was associated with a lower rate of contacts, and the impact of quarantine was greatest in the 16–20 age-group. 186 SARS-CoV-2 genomes were sufficiently unique to identify travel-related clusters. Fewer genomically-linked cases were observed for index cases who returned from countries with quarantine requirement compared to countries with no quarantine requirement. This difference was explained by fewer importation events per identified genome for these cases, as opposed to fewer onward contacts per case. Overall, our study demonstrates that a 14-day quarantine period reduces, but does not completely eliminate, the onward transmission of imported cases, mainly by dissuading travel to countries with a quarantine requirement
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is an immune escape variant with an altered cell entry pathway
- Author
- Aanensen David M.
- Abraham Priyanka
- Abudahab Khalil
- Adams Alexander
- Adams Helen
- Adele Sandra
- Afifi Safiah
- Aggarwal Dinesh
- Ahmad Shazaad S. Y.
- Aigrain Louise
- Alcolea-Medina Adela
- Alikhan Nabil-Fareed
- Allara Elias
- Amato Roberto
- Angyal Adrienn
- Annett Tara
- Ansari M. Azim
- Aplin Stephen
- Ariani Cristina V.
- Asad Hibo
- Asamaphan Patawee
- Ash Amy
- Ashfield Paula
- Ashford Fiona
- Ashraf Shirin
- Atkinson Laura
- Attwood Stephen W.
- Auckland Cressida
- Austin James
- Aydin Alp
- Baker David J.
- Baker Paul
- Balcazar Carlos E.
- Ball Jonathan
- Barnes Eleanor
- Barrett Jeffrey C.
- Barrow Magdalena
- Barton Edward
- Bashton Matthew
- Bassett Andrew R.
- Batra Rahul
- Baxter Chris
- Bayzid Nadua
- Beaver Charlotte
- Beckett Angela H.
- Beckwith Shaun M.
- Bedford Luke
- Beer Robert
- Beggs Andrew
- Bellis Katherine L.
- Berry Louise
- Bertolusso Beatrice
- Best Angus
- Betteridge Emma
- Bibby David
- Bicknell Kelly
- Binns Debbie
- Birchley Alec
- Bird Paul W.
- Bishop Chloe
- Blacow Rachel
- Blakey Victoria
- Blane Beth
- Bolt Frances
- Bonfield James
- Bonner Stephen
- Bonsall David
- Boswell Tim
- Bosworth Andrew
- Bourgeois Yann
- Bouzidi Kate El
- Boyd Olivia
- Bradley Declan T.
- Breen Cassie
- Bresner Catherine
- Breuer Judith
- Bridgett Stephen
- Bronner Iraad F.
- Brooks Ellena
- Broos Alice
- Brown Anthony
- Brown Julianne R.
- Bucca Giselda
- Buchan Sarah L.
- Buck David
- Bull Matthew
- Burns Phillipa J.
- Burton-Fanning Shirelle
- Byaruhanga Timothy
- Byott Matthew
- Campbell Sharon
- Cantoni Diego
- Carabelli Alessandro M.
- Cargill James S.
- Carlile Matthew
- Carvalho Sílvia F.
- Casey Anna
- Castigador Anibolina
- Catalan Jana
- Chalker Vicki
- Chaloner Nicola J.
- Chand Meera
- Chappell Joseph G.
- Charalampous Themoula
- Chatterton Wendy
- Chaudhry Yasmin
- Churcher Carol M.
- Clark Gemma
- Clarke Phillip
- Cogger Benjamin J.
- Cole Kevin
- Collins Jennifer
- Colquhoun Rachel
- Connor Thomas R.
- Cook Kate F.
- Coombes Jason
- Corden Sally
- Cormie Claire
- Cortes Nicholas
- Cotic Marius
- Cotton Seb
- Cottrell Simon
- Coupland Lindsay
- Cowton Vanessa
- Cox Alison
- Cox MacGregor
- Craine Noel
- Crawford Liam
- Cross Aidan
- Crown Matthew R.
- Crudgington Dorian
- Cumley Nicola
- Curran Martin D.
- Curran Tanya
- Cutino-Moguel Teresa
- da Silva Filipe Ana
- da Silva Filipe Ana
- Dabrera Gavin
- Darby Alistair C.
- Davidson Rose K.
- Davies Alisha
- Davies Robert M.
- Davis Chris
- Davis Thomas
- de Angelis Daniela
- De Lacy Elen
- De Lorenzo Giuditta
- de Oliveira Martins Leonardo
- de Silva Thushan
- de Silva Thushan I.
- Debebe Johnny
- Deeks Alexandra
- Denton-Smith Rebecca
- Dervisevic Samir
- Dewar Rebecca
- Dey Jayasree
- Dias Joana
- Dobie Donald
- Dorman Matthew J.
- Downing Fatima
- Driscoll Megan
- du Plessis Louis
- Duckworth Nichola
- Dunachie Susanna
- Dunachie Susanna
- Duncan Christopher
- Durham Jillian
- Eastick Kirstine
- Easton Lisa J.
- Eccles Richard
- Edgeworth Jonathan
- Edwards Sue
- Eldirdiri Sahar
- Ellaby Nicholas
- Elliott Scott
- Eltringham Gary
- Ensell Leah
- Erkiert Michelle J.
- Essex Sarah
- Evans Cariad
- Evans Johnathan M.
- Everson William
- Fairley Derek J.
- Fallon Karlie
- Fanaie Arezou
- Farr Ben W.
- Fearn Christopher
- Feltwell Theresa
- Ferguson Lynne
- Fina Laia
- Flaviani Flavia
- Fleming Vicki M.
- Forrest Sally
- Foster-Nyarko Ebenezer
- Foulkes Benjamin H.
- Foulser Luke
- Fragakis Mireille
- Frampton Dan
- Francois Sarah
- Fraser Christophe
- Freeman Timothy M.
- Fryer Helen
- Fuchs Marc
- Fuller William
- Furnon Wilhelm
- Gajee Kavitha
- Galai Katerina
- Gallagher Abbie
- Gallagher Eileen
- Gallagher Michael D.
- Gallis Marta
- Gaskin Amy
- Gatica-Wilcox Bree
- Geidelberg Lily
- Gemmell Matthew
- Georgana Iliana
- George Ryan P.
- Gifford Laura
- Gilbert Lauren
- Girgis Sophia T.
- Glaysher Sharon
- Goldstein Emily J.
- Golubchik Tanya
- Gomes Andrea N.
- Gonçalves Sónia
- Goodfellow Ian G.
- Goodwin Scott
- Goudarzi Salman
- Gourtovaia Marina
- Graham Clive
- Graham Lee
- Grant Paul R.
- Green Angie
- Green Luke R.
- Greenaway Jane
- Gregory Richard
- Grove Joe
- Guest Martyn
- Gunson Rory
- Gunson Rory N.
- Gupta Ravi K.
- Gutierrez Bernardo
- Haldenby Sam T.
- Hamilton William L.
- Hansford Samantha E.
- Haque Tanzina
- Harris Kathryn A.
- Harrison Ewan M.
- Harrison Ian
- Hart Jennifer
- Hartley John A.
- Harvey Matthew
- Harvey William T.
- Harvey William T.
- Hassan-Ibrahim Mohammed O.
- Haughney John
- Heaney Judith
- Helmer Thomas
- Henderson John H.
- Hesketh Andrew R.
- Hey Jessica
- Heyburn David
- Higginson Ellen E.
- Hill Jack D.
- Hill Verity
- Hilson Rachel A.
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- Holden Matthew T. G.
- Holden Matthew T. G.
- Holland Poppy
- Hollis Amy
- Holmes Alison H.
- Holmes Christopher W.
- Holmes Nadine
- Hopes Richard
- Hornsby Hailey R.
- Hosmillo Myra
- Houlihan Catherine
- Howson-Wells Hannah C.
- Hsu Sharon N.
- Hubb Jonathan
- Huckson Hannah
- Hughes Joseph
- Hughes Joseph
- Hughes Margaret
- Hughes Warwick
- Hutchings Stephanie
- Idle Giles
- Illingworth Chris J.
- Impey Robert
- Irish-Tavares Dianne
- Iturriza-Gomara Miren
- Izuagbe Rhys
- Jackson Ben
- Jackson Chris
- Jackson David K.
- Jackson Kathryn A.
- Jackson Leigh M.
- Jahun Aminu S.
- James Keith
- James Victoria
- Jeanes Christopher
- Jeffries Aaron R.
- Jeremiah Sarah
- Jermy Andrew
- John Michaela
- Johnson Kate
- Johnson Rob
- Johnston Ian
- Jones Christopher R.
- Jones Hannah
- Jones Neil
- Jones Owen
- Jones Sophie
- Joseph Amelia
- Judges Sarah
- Kay Gemma L.
- Kay Sally
- Keatley Jon-Paul
- Keeley Alexander J.
- Kele Beatrix
- Kenyon Anita
- Kermack Leanne M.
- Khakh Manjinder
- Kidd Stephen P.
- Killough Nicholas F.
- Kimuli Maimuna
- Kirk Stuart
- Kitchen Christine
- Kitchman Katie
- Klenerman Paul
- Klenerman Paul
- Knight Bridget A.
- Koshy Cherian
- Kraemer Moritz U. G.
- Kronsteiner Barbara
- Kumziene-Summerhayes Sara
- Kwiatkowski Dominic
- Lackenby Angie
- Laing Kenneth G.
- Lampejo Temi
- Langford Cordelia F.
- Lavin Deborah
- Lawton Andrew I.
- Le-Viet Thanh
- Lee David
- Lee Jack C. D.
- Lensing Stefanie V.
- Leonard Steven
- Levett Lisa J.
- Lewis Jonathan
- Lewis Kevin
- Liddle Jennifier
- Liggett Steven
- Lillie Patrick J.
- Lindsey Benjamin B.
- Lister Michelle M.
- Livett Rich
- Lo Stephanie
- Logan Nicola
- Loman Nicholas J.
- Loose Matthew W.
- Louka Stavroula F.
- Loveson Katie F.
- Lowdon Sarah
- Lowe Hannah
- Lowe Helen L.
- Lucaci Anita O.
- Ludden Catherine
- Lynch Jessica
- Lyons Ronan A.
- Lythgoe Katrina
- Machin Nicholas W.
- MacIntyre-Cockett George
- Mack Andrew
- Macklin Ben
- Maclean Alasdair
- MacLean Oscar A.
- Macnaughton Emily
- Madona Pinglawathee
- Maes Mailis
- Maftei Laurentiu
- Mahanama Adhyana I. K.
- Mahungu Tabitha W.
- Mair Daniel
- Maksimovic Joshua
- Malone Cassandra S.
- Maloney Daniel
- Manali Maria
- Manesis Nikos
- Manley Robin
- Mantzouratou Anna
- Marchbank Angela
- Mariappan Arun
- Martincorena Inigo
- Martinez Nunez Rocio T.
- Mather Alison E.
- Maxwell Patrick
- Mayhew Megan
- Mbisa Tamyo
- McCann Clare M.
- McCarthy Shane A.
- McCluggage Kathryn
- McClure Patrick C.
- McCrone J. T.
- McHugh Martin P.
- McKenna James P.
- McKerr Caoimhe
- McManus Georgina M.
- McMurray Claire
- McMurray Claire L.
- McNally Alan
- Meadows Lizzie
- Medd Nathan
- Megram Oliver
- Menegazzo Mirko
- Merrick Ian
- Michell Stephen L.
- Michelsen Michelle L.
- Mirfenderesky Mariyam
- Mirza Jeremy
- Miskelly Julia
- Moles-Garcia Emma
- Moll Robin J.
- Molnar Zoltan
- Monahan Irene M.
- Mondani Matteo
- Mookerjee Siddharth
- Moore Catherine
- Moore Christopher
- Moore Jonathan
- Moore Nathan
- Moore Shona
- Morcrette Helen
- Morgan Mari
- Morgan Sian
- Mori Matilde
- Morriss Arthur
- Moses Samuel
- Mower Craig
- Muir Peter
- Mukaddas Afrida
- Munemo Florence
- Munn Robert
- Murcia Pablo R.
- Murray Abigail
- Murray Darren R.
- Murray Leanne J.
- Murray Sam M.
- Mutingwende Manasa
- Myers Richard
- Nastouli Eleni
- Nebbia Gaia
- Nelson Andrew
- Nelson Charlotte
- Nicholls Sam
- Nichols Jenna
- Nicodemi Roberto
- Nomikou Kyriaki
- O?Brien Sarah
- O?Grady Justin
- O?Toole Áine
- Odedra Mina
- Ohemeng-Kumi Natasha
- Oliver Karen
- Orton Richard
- Orton Richard J.
- Osman Husam
- Pacchiarini Nicole
- Padgett Debra
- Page Andrew J.
- Palmarini Massimo
- Park Emily J.
- Park Naomi R.
- Parker Matthew D.
- Parmar Surendra
- Partridge David G.
- Pascall David
- Pascall David J.
- Patel Amita
- Patel Arvind H.
- Patel Bindi
- Paterson Steve
- Payne Brendan A. I.
- Payne Rebecca
- Peacock Sharon J.
- Pearson Clare
- Pelosi Emanuela
- Percival Benita
- Perkins Jon
- Perry Malorie
- Pinckert Malte L.
- Pinto Rute Maria
- Platt Steven
- Podplomyk Olga
- Pohare Manoj
- Pond Marcus
- Pope Cassie F.
- Poplawski Radoslaw
- Powell Jessica
- Poyner Jennifer
- Prestwood Liam
- Price Anna
- Price James R.
- Prieto Jacqui A.
- Pritchard David T.
- Prosolek Sophie J.
- Pugh Georgia
- Pusok Monika
- Puxty Kathryn
- Pybus Oliver G.
- Pymont Hannah M.
- Quail Michael A.
- Quick Joshua
- Radulescu Clara
- Raghwani Jayna
- Ragonnet-Cronin Manon
- Rainbow Lucille
- Rajan Diana
- Rajatileka Shavanthi
- Ramadan Newara A.
- Rambaut Andrew
- Ramble John
- Randell Paul
- Randell Paul A.
- Ratcliffe Liz
- Raviprakash Veena
- Ray Surajit
- Raza Mohammad
- Redshaw Nicholas M.
- Rey Sara
- Reynolds Nicola
- Richter Alex
- Richter Alex
- Robertson David L.
- Robertson David L.
- Robinson Esther
- Robson Samuel C.
- Rogan Fiona
- Rooke Stefan
- Rowe Will
- Roy Sunando
- Rudder Steven
- Ruis Chris
- Rushton Steven
- Ryan Felicity
- Saeed Kordo
- Samaraweera Buddhini
- Sambles Christine M.
- Sanderson Roy
- Sanderson Theo
- Sang Fei
- Sass Thea
- Scher Emily
- Scott Carol
- Scott Garren
- Scott Sam
- Sehmi Jasveen
- Shaaban Sharif
- Shaaban Sharif
- Shah Divya
- Shaw Jessica
- Shelest Ekaterina
- Shepherd James G.
- Sheridan Liz A.
- Sheriff Nicola
- Shirley Lesley
- Sillitoe John
- Silva Vanessa
- Silviera Siona
- Simpson David A.
- Singh Aditi
- Singleton Dawn
- Skvortsov Timofey
- Sloan Tim J.
- Sluga Graciela
- Smith Colin P.
- Smith Darren L.
- Smith Ken
- Smith Kim S.
- Smith Louise
- Smith Nikki
- Smith Perminder
- Smollett Katherine
- Smollett Katherine L.
- Snell Luke B.
- Somassa Thomas
- Southgate Joel
- Spellman Karla
- Spencer Chapman Michael H.
- Spurgin Lewis G.
- Spyer Moira J.
- Stanley Rachael
- Stanley William
- Stanton Thomas D.
- Starinskij Igor
- Stockton Joanne
- Stonehouse Susanne
- Storey Nathaniel
- Studholme David J.
- Sudhanva Malur
- Swindells Emma
- Szemiel Agnieszka
- Taha Yusri
- Tan Ngee Keong
- Tang Julian W.
- Tang Miao
- Taylor Ben E. W.
- Taylor Joshua F.
- Taylor Sarah
- Temperton Ben
- Templeton Kate
- Templeton Kate E.
- Thomas Claire
- Thomson Emma C.
- Thomson Emma C.
- Thomson Laura
- Thornton Alicia
- Thurston Scott A. J.
- Todd John A.
- Tomb Rachael
- Tong Lily
- Tong Lily
- Tonkin-Hill Gerry
- Torok M. Estee
- Tovar-Corona Jaime M.
- Trebes Amy
- Trotter Alexander J.
- Tsatsani Ioulia
- Turnbull Robyn
- Turtle Lance
- Twohig Katherine A.
- Umpleby Helen
- Underwood Anthony P.
- Vamos Edith E.
- Vasylyeva Tetyana I.
- Vattipally Sreenu
- Vernet Gabrielle
- Vink Elen
- Vipond Barry B.
- Volz Erik M.
- Walsh Sarah
- Wang Dennis
- Warne Ben
- Warwick-Dugdale Joanna
- Wastnedge Elizabeth
- Watkins Joanne
- Watson Louisa K.
- Waugh Sheila
- Webster Hermione J.
- Weldon Danni
- Westwick Elaine
- Whalley Thomas
- Wheeler Helen
- Whitehead Mark
- Whiteley Max
- Whitwham Andrew
- Wierzbicki Claudia
- Wilkie Craig
- Willett Brian J.
- Willford Nicholas J.
- Williams Catryn
- Williams Charlotte A.
- Williams Cheryl
- Williams Chris
- Williams Lesley-Anne
- Williams Rachel J.
- Williams Rebecca
- Williams Thomas
- Williamson Kathleen A.
- Wilson-Davies Eleri
- Witele Eric
- Withell Karen T.
- Witney Adam A.
- Wolverson Paige
- Wong Nick
- Workman Trudy
- Wright Derek W.
- Wright Victoria
- Wyatt Tim
- Wyllie Sarah
- Xu-McCrae Li
- Yavus Mehmet
- Yaze Geraldine
- Yeats Corin A.
- Yebra Gonzalo
- Yebra Gonzalo
- Yew Wen C.
- Young Gregory R.
- Young Jamie
- Zarebski Alex E.
- Zhang Peijun
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 31/08/2022
- Field of study
Vaccines based on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 are a cornerstone of the public health response to COVID-19. The emergence of hypermutated, increasingly transmissible variants of concern (VOCs) threaten this strategy. Omicron (B.1.1.529), the fifth VOC to be described, harbours multiple amino acid mutations in spike, half of which lie within the receptor-binding domain. Here we demonstrate substantial evasion of neutralization by Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants in vitro using sera from individuals vaccinated with ChAdOx1, BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273. These data were mirrored by a substantial reduction in real-world vaccine effectiveness that was partially restored by booster vaccination. The Omicron variants BA.1 and BA.2 did not induce cell syncytia in vitro and favoured a TMPRSS2-independent endosomal entry pathway, these phenotypes mapping to distinct regions of the spike protein. Impaired cell fusion was determined by the receptor-binding domain, while endosomal entry mapped to the S2 domain. Such marked changes in antigenicity and replicative biology may underlie the rapid global spread and altered pathogenicity of the Omicron variant
Investigation of hospital discharge cases and SARS-CoV-2 introduction into Lothian care homes
- Author
- Aanensen David M.
- Abudahab Khalil
- Adams Alexander
- Adams Helen
- Afifi Safiah
- Aggarwal Dinesh
- Ahmad Shazaad SY.
- Aigrain Louise
- Alcolea-Medina Adela
- Alikhan Nabil-Fareed
- Allara Elias
- Amato Roberto
- Angyal Adrienn
- Annett Tara
- Aplin Stephen
- Ariani Cristina V.
- Asad Hibo
- Ash Amy
- Ashfield Paula
- Ashford Fiona
- Atkinson Laura
- Attwood Stephen W.
- Auckland Cressida
- Aydin Alp
- Baker David J.
- Baker Paul
- Balcazar Carlos E.
- Ball Jonathan
- Barrett Jeffrey C.
- Barrow Magdalena
- Barton Edward
- Bashton Matthew
- Bassett Andrew R.
- Batra Rahul
- Baxter Chris
- Bayzid Nadua
- Beaver Charlotte
- Beckett Angela H.
- Beckwith Shaun M.
- Bedford Luke
- Beer Robert
- Beggs Andrew
- Bellis Katherine L.
- Berry Louise
- Bertolusso Beatrice
- Best Angus
- Betteridge Emma
- Bibby David
- Bicknell Kelly
- Binns Debbie
- Birchley Alec
- Bird Paul W.
- Bishop Chloe
- Blacow Rachel
- Blakey Victoria
- Blane Beth
- Bolt Frances
- Bonfield James
- Bonner Stephen
- Bonsall David
- Boswell Tim
- Bosworth Andrew
- Bourgeois Yann
- Boyd Olivia
- Bradley Declan T.
- Breen Cassie
- Bresner Catherine
- Breuer Judith
- Bridgett Stephen
- Bronner Iraad F.
- Brooks Ellena
- Broos Alice
- Brown Julianne R.
- Bucca Giselda
- Buchan Sarah L.
- Buck David
- Bull Matthew
- Burns Phillipa J.
- Burton-Fanning Shirelle
- Byaruhanga Timothy
- Byott Matthew
- Campbell Sharon
- Carabelli Alessandro M.
- Cargill James S.
- Carlile Matthew
- Carvalho Sílvia F.
- Casey Anna
- Castigador Anibolina
- Catalan Jana
- Chalker Vicki
- Chaloner Nicola J.
- Chand Meera
- Chappell Joseph G.
- Charalampous Themoula
- Chatterton Wendy
- Chaudhry Yasmin
- Churcher Carol M.
- Clark Gemma
- Clarke Phillip
- Cogger Benjamin J.
- Cole Kevin
- Collins Jennifer
- Colquhoun Rachel
- Connor Thomas R.
- Cook Kate F.
- Coombes Jason
- Corden Sally
- Cormie Claire
- Cortes Nicholas
- Cotic Marius
- Cotton S.
- Cotton Seb
- Cottrell Simon
- Coupland Lindsay
- Cox Alison
- Cox MacGregor
- Craine Noel
- Crawford Liam
- Cross Aidan
- Crown Matthew R.
- Crudgington Dorian
- Cumley Nicola
- Curran Martin D.
- Curran Tanya
- Cutino-Moguel Teresa
- da Silva Filipe Ana
- Dabrer Gavin
- Darby Alistair C.
- Davidson Rose K.
- Davies Alisha
- Davies Robert M.
- Davis Thomas
- de Angelis Daniela
- De Lacy Elen
- de Oliveira Martins Leonardo
- de Silva Thushan I.
- Debebe Johnny
- Delgado Callico Laia
- Denton-Smith Rebecca
- Dervisevic Samir
- Dewar R.
- Dewar Rebecca
- Dey Jayasree
- Dias Joana
- Dobie Donald
- Dorman Matthew J.
- Downing Fatima
- Driscoll Megan
- du Plessis Louis
- Duckworth Nichola
- Durham Jillian
- Eastick Kirstine
- Easton Lisa J.
- Eccles Richard
- Edgeworth Jonathan
- Edwards Sue
- El Bouzidi Kate
- Eldirdiri Sahar
- Ellaby Nicholas
- Elliott Scott
- Eltringham Gary
- Ensell Leah
- Erkiert Michelle J.
- Essex Sarah
- Evans Cariad
- Evans Johnathan M.
- Everson William
- Fairley Derek J.
- Fallon Karlie
- Fanaie Arezou
- Farr Ben W.
- Fearn Christopher
- Feltwell Theresa
- Ferguson Lynne
- Fina Laia
- Flaviani Flavia
- Fleming Vicki M.
- Forrest Sally
- Foster-Nyarko Ebenezer
- Foulkes Benjamin H.
- Foulser Luke
- Fragakis Mireille
- Frampton Dan
- Francois Sarah
- Fraser Christophe
- Freeman Timothy M.
- Fryer Helen
- Fuchs Marc
- Fuller William
- Gajee Kavitha
- Galai Katerina
- Gallagher Abbie
- Gallagher Eileen
- Gallagher Michael D.
- Gallis Marta
- Gaskin Amy
- Gatica-Wilcox Bree
- Geidelberg Lily
- Gemmell Matthew
- Georgana Iliana
- George Ryan P.
- Gifford Laura
- Gilbert Lauren
- Girgis Sophia T.
- Glaysher Sharon
- Goldstein Emily J.
- Golubchik Tanya
- Gomes Andrea N.
- Gonçalves Sónia
- Goodwin Scott
- Goudarzi Salman
- Gourtovaia Marina
- Graham Clive
- Graham Lee
- Grant Paul R.
- Green Angie
- Green Luke R.
- Greenaway Jane
- Gregory Richard
- Guest Martyn
- Gunson Rory N.
- Gupta Ravi K.
- Gutierrez Bernardo
- Haas J.G.
- Haldenby Sam T.
- Hamilton William L.
- Hansford Samantha E.
- Haque Tanzina
- Harris Kathryn A.
- Harrison Ewan M.
- Harrison Ian
- Hart Jennifer
- Hartley John A.
- Harvey Matthew
- Harvey William T.
- Hassan-Ibrahim Mohammed O.
- Heaney Judith
- Helmer Thomas
- Henderson John H.
- Hesketh Andrew R.
- Hey Jessica
- Heyburn David
- Higginson Ellen E.
- Hill Jack D.
- Hill Verity
- Hilson Rachel A.
- Hilvers Ember
- Holden Matthew TG.
- Hollis Amy
- Holmes Alison H.
- Holmes Christopher W.
- Holmes Nadine
- Hopes Richard
- Hornsby Hailey R.
- Hosmillo Myra
- Houlihan Catherine
- Howson-Wells Hannah C.
- Hsu Sharon N.
- Hubb Jonathan
- Huckson Hannah
- Hughes Joseph
- Hughes Margaret
- Hughes Warwick
- Hutchings Stephanie
- Idle Giles
- Illingworth Chris J.
- Impey Robert
- Irish-Tavares Dianne
- Iturriza-Gomara Miren
- Izuagbe Rhys
- Jackson Ben
- Jackson Chris
- Jackson David K.
- Jackson Kathryn A.
- Jackson Leigh M.
- Jahun Aminu S.
- James Keith
- James Victoria
- Jeanes Christopher
- Jeffries Aaron R.
- Jeremiah Sarah
- Jermy Andrew
- John Michaela
- Johnson Kate
- Johnson Rob
- Johnston Ian
- Jones Christopher R.
- Jones Hannah
- Jones Neil
- Jones Owen
- Jones Sophie
- Joseph Amelia
- Judges Sarah
- Kay Gemma L.
- Kay Sally
- Keatley Jon-Paul
- Keeley Alexander J.
- Kele Beatrix
- Kenyon Anita
- Kermack Leanne M.
- Khakh Manjinder
- Kidd Stephen P.
- Killough Nicholas F.
- Kimuli Maimuna
- Kirk Stuart
- Kitchen Christine
- Kitchman Katie
- Knight Bridget A.
- Koshy Cherian
- Kraemer Moritz UG.
- Kumziene-Summerhayes Sara
- Kwiatkowski Dominic
- Lackenby Angie
- Laing Kenneth G.
- Lampejo Temi
- Langford Cordelia F.
- Lavin Deborah
- Lawton Andrew I.
- Le-Viet Thanh
- Lee David
- Lee Jack CD.
- Lensing Stefanie V.
- Leonard Steven
- Levett Lisa J.
- Lewis Jonathan
- Lewis Kevin
- Liddle Jennifier
- Liggett Steven
- Lillie Patrick J.
- Lindsey Benjamin B.
- Lister Michelle M.
- Livett Rich
- Lo Stephanie
- Loman Nicholas J.
- Loose Matthew W.
- Louka Stavroula F.
- Loveson Katie F.
- Lowdon Sarah
- Lowe Hannah
- Lowe Helen L.
- Lucaci Anita O.
- Ludden Catherine
- Lynch Jessica
- Lyons Ronan A.
- Machin Nicholas W.
- MacIntyre-Cockett George
- Mack Andrew
- Macklin Ben
- Maclean Alasdair
- Macnaughton Emily
- Madona Pinglawathee
- Maes Mailis
- Maftei Laurentiu
- Mahanama Adhyana IK.
- Mahungu Tabitha W.
- Mair Daniel
- Maksimovic Joshua
- Malone Cassandra S.
- Maloney Daniel
- Manesis Nikos
- Manley Robin
- Mantzouratou Anna
- Marchbank Angela
- Mariappan Arun
- Markov Anna
- Martincorena Inigo
- Martinez Nunez Rocio T.
- Mather Alison E.
- Maxwell Patrick
- Mayhew Megan
- Mbisa Tamyo
- McCann Clare M.
- McCarthy Shane A.
- McCluggage Kathryn
- McClure Patrick C.
- McCrone J.T.
- McHugh M.P.
- McHugh Martin P.
- McKenna James P.
- McKerr Caoimhe
- McManus Georgina M.
- McMurray Claire
- McMurray Claire L.
- McNal Alan
- Meadows Lizzie
- Medd Nathan
- Megram Oliver
- Menegazzo Mirko
- Merrick Ian
- Michell Stephen L.
- Michelsen Michelle L.
- Mirfenderesky Mariyam
- Mirza Jeremy
- Miskelly Julia
- Moles-Garcia Emma
- Moll Robin J.
- Molnar Zoltan
- Monahan Irene M.
- Mondani Matteo
- Mookerjee Siddharth
- Moore Catherine
- Moore Christopher
- Moore Jonathan
- Moore Nathan
- Morcrette Helen
- Morgan Mari
- Morgan Sian
- Mori Matilde
- Morris Arthur
- Moses Samuel
- Mower Craig
- Muir Peter
- Mukaddas Afrida
- Munemo Florence
- Munn Robert
- Murray Abigail
- Murray Darren R.
- Murray Leanne J.
- Mutingwende Manasa
- Myers Richard
- Nastouli Eleni
- Nebbia Gaia
- Nelson Andrew
- Nelson Charlotte
- Nicholls Sam
- Nichols Jenna
- Nicodemi Roberto
- Nomikou Kyriaki
- O'Brien Sarah
- O'Grady Justin
- O'Toole Áine
- Odedra Mina
- Ohemeng-Kumi Natasha
- Oliver Karen
- Orton Richard J.
- Osman Husam
- Pacchiarini Nicole
- Padgett Debra
- Page Andrew J.
- Park Emily J.
- Park Naomi R.
- Parker Matthew D.
- Parmar Surendra
- Partridge David G.
- Pascall David
- Patel Amita
- Patel Bindi
- Paterson Steve
- Payne Brendan AI.
- Peacock Sharon J.
- Pearson Clare
- Pelosi Emanuela
- Percival Benita
- Perkins Jon
- Perry Malorie
- Pinckert Malte L.
- Platt Steven
- Podplomyk FD Olga
- Pohare Manoj
- Pond Marcus
- Pope Cassie F.
- Poplawski Radoslaw
- Powell Jessica
- Poyner Jennifer
- Prestwood Liam
- Price Anna
- Price James R.
- Prieto Jacqui A.
- Pritch David T.
- Prosolek Sophie J.
- Pugh Georgia
- Pusok Monika
- Pybus Oliver G.
- Pymont Hannah M.
- Quail Michael A.
- Quick Joshua
- Radulescu Clara
- Raghwani Jayna
- Ragonnet-Cronin Manon
- Rainbow Lucille
- Rajan Diana
- Rajatileka Shavanthi
- Ramadan Newara A.
- Rambaut Andrew
- Ramble John
- Randell Paul
- Randell Paul A.
- Ratcliffe Liz
- Raviprakash Veena
- Raza Mohammad
- Redshaw Nicholas M.
- Rey Sara
- Reynolds Nicola
- Richter Alex
- Robertson David L.
- Robinson Esther
- Robson Samuel C.
- Rogan Fiona
- Rooke Stefan
- Rowe Will
- Roy Sunando
- Rudder Steven
- Ruis Chris
- Rushton Steven
- Saeed Kordo
- Samaraweera Buddhini
- Sambles Christine M.
- Sanderson Roy
- Sanderson Theo
- Sang Fei
- Sass Thea
- Scher Emily
- Scott Carol
- Scott Garren
- Sehmi Jasveen
- Shaaban Sharif
- Shah Divya
- Shaw Jessica
- Shelest Ekaterina
- Shepherd James G.
- Sheridan Liz A.
- Sheriff Nicola
- Shirley Lesley
- Sillitoe John
- Silviera Siona
- Simpson David A.
- Singh Aditi
- Singleton Dawn
- Skvortsov Timofey
- Sloan Tim J.
- Sluga Graciela
- Smith Colin P.
- Smith Darren L.
- Smith Ken
- Smith Kim S.
- Smith Louise
- Smith Nikki
- Smith Perminder
- Smollett Katherine L.
- Snell Luke B.
- Somassa Thomas
- Southgate Joel
- Spellman Karla
- Spencer Chapman Michael H.
- Spurgin Lewis G.
- Spyer Moira J.
- Stanley Rachael
- Stanley William
- Stanton Thomas D.
- Starinskij Igor
- Stockton Joanne
- Stonehouse Susanne
- Storey Nathaniel
- Studholme David J.
- Sudhanva Malur
- Swindells Emma
- Taha Yusri
- Tan Ngee Keong
- Tang Julian W.
- Tang Miao
- Taylor Ben EW.
- Taylor Joshua F.
- Taylor Sarah
- Temperton Ben
- Templeton K.
- Templeton Kate E.
- Thomas Claire
- Thomas-McEwen Peter MD.
- Thomson Emma C.
- Thomson Laura
- Thornton Alicia
- Thurston Scott AJ.
- Todd John A.
- Tomb Rachael
- Tong Lily
- Tonkin-Hill Gerry
- Tovar-Corona Jaime M.
- Trebes Amy
- Trotter Alexander J.
- Tsatsani Ioulia
- Turnbull Robyn
- Twohig Katherine A.
- Umpleby Helen
- Underwood Anthony P.
- Vamos Edith E.
- Vasylyeva Tetyana I.
- Vattipally Sreenu
- Vernet Gabrielle
- Vipond Barry B.
- Volz Erik M.
- Walsh Sarah
- Wang Dennis
- Warne Ben
- Warwick-Dugdale Joanna
- Wastnedge Elizabeth
- Watkins Joanne
- Watson DipHE Louisa K.
- Waugh Sheila
- Webster Hermione J.
- Weldon Danni
- Westwick Elaine
- Whalley Thomas
- Wheeler Helen
- Whitehead Mark
- Whiteley Max
- Whitwham Andrew
- Wierzbicki Claudia
- Willford Nicholas J.
- Williams Catryn
- Williams Charlotte A.
- Williams Cheryl
- Williams Chris
- Williams Lesley-Anne
- Williams Rachel J.
- Williams Rebecca
- Williams Thomas
- Williamson Kathleen A.
- Wilson-Davies Eleri
- Witele Eric
- Withell Karen T.
- Witney Adam A.
- Wolverson Paige
- Wong Nick
- Workma Trudy
- Wright Derek W.
- Wright Victoria
- Wyatt Tim
- Wyllie Sarah
- Xu-McCrae Li
- Yavus Mehmet
- Yaze Geraldine
- Yeats Corin A.
- Yebra Gonzalo
- Yew Wen C.
- Young Gregory R.
- Young Jamie
- Zarebski Alex E.
- Zhang Peijun
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 09/03/2023
- Field of study
Background
The first epidemic wave of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Scotland resulted in high case numbers and mortality in care homes. In Lothian, over one-third of care homes reported an outbreak, while there was limited testing of hospital patients discharged to care homes.
Aim
To investigate patients discharged from hospitals as a source of SARS-CoV-2 introduction into care homes during the first epidemic wave.
Methods
A clinical review was performed for all patients discharges from hospitals to care homes from 1st March 2020 to 31st May 2020. Episodes were ruled out based on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) test history, clinical assessment at discharge, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data and an infectious period of 14 days. Clinical samples were processed for WGS, and consensus genomes generated were used for analysis using Cluster Investigation and Virus Epidemiological Tool software. Patient timelines were obtained using electronic hospital records.
Findings
In total, 787 patients discharged from hospitals to care homes were identified. Of these, 776 (99%) were ruled out for subsequent introduction of SARS-CoV-2 into care homes. However, for 10 episodes, the results were inconclusive as there was low genomic diversity in consensus genomes or no sequencing data were available. Only one discharge episode had a genomic, time and location link to positive cases during hospital admission, leading to 10 positive cases in their care home.
Conclusion
The majority of patients discharged from hospitals were ruled out for introduction of SARS-CoV-2 into care homes, highlighting the importance of screening all new admissions when faced with a novel emerging virus and no available vaccine
Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in a UK university identifies dynamics of transmission
- Author
- Aanensen David M.
- Abell Chris
- Abudahab Khalil
- Acheson Erwan
- Adams Alexander
- Adams Helen
- Afifi Safiah
- Aggarwal Dinesh
- Aggarwal Dinesh
- Ahmad Shazaad S. Y.
- Ahmadi-Assalemi Gabriela
- Aigrain Louise
- Alam Mohammad T.
- Alcolea-Medina Adela
- Alderton Alex
- Alikhan Nabil-Fareed
- Allara Elias
- Amato Roberto
- Andersson Monique
- Angelis Daniela De
- Angelis Daniela De
- Angyal Adrienn
- Aranday-Cortes Elihu
- Ariani Cristina V.
- Asad Hibo
- Asamaphan Patawee
- Ash Amy
- Ashcroft Fiona
- Atkinson Laura
- Attwood Stephen W.
- Auckland Cressida
- Awan Ali R.
- Aydin Alp
- Baker David J.
- Baker Paul
- Balcazar Carlos E.
- Ball Jonathan
- Barrett Jeff
- Barton Edward
- Bashton Matthew
- Bassett Andrew R.
- Batra Rahul
- Baxter Laura
- Bayzid Nadua
- Beale Mathew A.
- Beaver Charlotte
- Beckett Angela H.
- Bedford Luke
- Beer Robert
- Beggs Andrew
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- The Cambridge Covid-19 testing Centre
- The COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium
- Thompson Thomas
- Thomson Emma C.
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- University of Cambridge Asymptomatic COVID-19 Screening Programm
- Unnikrishnan Meera
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- Weekes Michael P.
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- Yeats Corin A.
- Yew Wen Chyin
- Young Greg
- Young Jamie
- Zamudio Marina Escalera
- Zarebski Alex E.
- Zhang Peijun
- Publication venue
- Nature Communications
- Publication date
- 08/02/2022
- Field of study
AbstractUnderstanding SARS-CoV-2 transmission in higher education settings is important to limit spread between students, and into at-risk populations. In this study, we sequenced 482 SARS-CoV-2 isolates from the University of Cambridge from 5 October to 6 December 2020. We perform a detailed phylogenetic comparison with 972 isolates from the surrounding community, complemented with epidemiological and contact tracing data, to determine transmission dynamics. We observe limited viral introductions into the university; the majority of student cases were linked to a single genetic cluster, likely following social gatherings at a venue outside the university. We identify considerable onward transmission associated with student accommodation and courses; this was effectively contained using local infection control measures and following a national lockdown. Transmission clusters were largely segregated within the university or the community. Our study highlights key determinants of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and effective interventions in a higher education setting that will inform public health policy during pandemics.</jats:p
Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study
- Author
- A. Mohammed Kalakwa
- A. Nemer Ayoub
- Abantanga Francis A.
- Abatli Safa' Jamal
- Abbas Wisam
- Abbo Olivier
- Abdelbaqi Reem
- Abdelhady Dina Sobhy
- Abdelhafez Mohammad Omar Mohammad
- Abdelhamid Sultan S.
- Abdelmaksoud Sherif
- Abdelmoumen Roua
- Abdelmutalib Fakereldeen
- Abdul-Mumin Alhassan
- Abduljawad Fatima Mousa
- Abdullah Fizan
- Abdullah Mohd Yusof bin
- Abdulraheem Nurudeen
- Abdulrahman Alaa
- Abdulsalam Moruf Adekunle
- Abdunomonovich Dekhkonboev Avazjon
- Aboelela Ahmed
- Abouheba Mohamed
- Abrahamsson Kate
- Abrunhosa Matias Marcia
- Abu-Nejmah Fawzi
- Abuajaila Abdulsalam
- Abuattaya Adham Ashraf
- Abubakar Auwal M
- Abueideh Ahmad
- Abuhayyeh Husam Aldean
- Abuhlega Ma'aly A.
- Abukhalaf Sadi
- Abumunshar Ali Abdelhay
- Acuna Gaston
- Adams Stephen
- Adamu Sani
- Adanan Mohd Fitri Shukri bin Mohamed
- Adawi Ihda
- Adawi Samer
- Adawy Ahmad
- Ade-Ajayi Niyi
- Adegboyega Rilwan
- Ademuyiwa Adesoji
- Adesanya Opeoluwa
- Adhiwidjaja Cathline Freya
- Adofo-Ansong Nana
- Agboola Titiloye Hannah
- Agelebe Efeturi
- Aguilar Aguilar Faye
- Aguilar Gargurevich Prince Pamela
- Aguirre-Lopez Pastor
- Agulham Miguel Angelo
- Ahmad Hira
- Ahmad Zahidah Adlynee Haji
- Ahmed Hazem
- Ahmed Mahmoud Abdelfattah
- Ajai Olalekan Temitope
- Ajao Emmanuel Akinlabi
- Ajiboye Olalekan S.
- Ajrami Yara
- Ajwa Ahmad Elian Abu
- Akan M. Eren
- Akhbari Melika
- Akhter Nadeem
- Akova Fatih
- Al-Attar Hala M.
- Al-Halbouni Layana
- Al-Mamun Abdullah
- Al-Mayoof Ali Farooq
- Al-Momani Hashem M.
- Al-Mouakeh Ahmad
- Al-Rayyes Maisara
- Al-saleem Hasan Subhi Hasan Abu
- Al-Salhi Ashraf Ayman
- Al-Shwaikh Samar H.
- Al-Slaibi Ibrahim
- Al-Taher Raed Nael
- Al-Taher Raed Nael
- Al-Tammam Hiba
- Alakaloko Felix
- Alamrain Abdulwhhab Ayman Abu
- Alanguia Chipana Cathy Lee
- Alattas Khalid
- Alberto Carlos
- Albozidi Aya
- Alcántara Elvyn
- ALDIRAWI MOHAMMED A. M.
- Alebbini Mohanad Mutasem
- Alfoghi Mabroka
- Algabri Hayder Nadhim Obaid
- Alglaib Mohammed Meftah
- Alhamid Ahmad
- Alhamid Aos
- Alhassan Priscilla
- Ali Hassan
- Ali Karim Osamy
- Ali Liza
- Ali Mansour
- Alijla Sharif
- Alijla Sharif S.
- Aliwisat Ahmad Hasan
- Aljaboo Hajir
- Aljadidi Wesal Omar F. Saied
- Aljarad Ziad
- Alkareem Raghad mohammad abdu
- Almada Suad Ahmed
- Almadhoun Walaa
- Almasri Murad
- Almeida Aguiar Arthur
- Almeida Giovana
- Almengar Inas
- Almohamady Hisham
- Almosaibli Mohammad
- Almusleh Tasneem Fathi Hasan
- Alnaeri Ali
- Alnahhal Khaled
- Alonso Verónica
- Alosta Hasan Mustafa
- Alqarajeh Firas
- Alqor Mohammad Omar Ibrahim
- Alsaadi Nijmeh Nasser
- Alsaggaf Ameen
- Alsaied Amer
- Alser Mohammed
- Alser Osaid H.
- Alshaikhkhalil Haya Abdulnasser Ali
- Alshehri Abdullah
- Altaweel Ahmed
- Altın Merve
- Altokhais Tariq
- Altomi Mohamed
- Alturki Fahad
- Alvarado Zelada Jackelyne
- Alves Dutra da Silva Érika
- Alwadia Soha Marwan Salem
- Alwaggaa Nouriyah Ali
- Alzamari Ainaa Ata Mohammad
- Alzate Gallego Edgar
- Alzeer Asmahan Mohammad Suliman
- Alzerei Sulaiman T.
- Alzraikat Sayel H.
- Alzubair Afnan
- Alzughayyar Tareq Z.
- Amad Mohamed
- Amado Fernando
- Amaechi Chukwubinyelum
- Amah Christopher Chim
- Amarin Justin Z.
- Amarin Marzouq
- Ambriz-González Gabriela
- Ameh Emmanuel
- Amjad Muhammad Bin
- Amoabin Afua Amoabin
- Anatole Nzanzu
- Anatole Nzanzu Kipata
- Anaya Dominguez Marlene
- Anaya Firas
- Andrade Jerhy
- Andreussi Lorna
- Anicama Elias Rocio
- Annajjar Mohammad hasan
- Anntinea Jessmine
- Antunes Amanda
- Antunez-Mora Alexandra
- Anyomih Theophilus Teddy Kojo
- Anzelewicz Stefan
- Apaza Leon Jose Luis
- Appeadu-Mensah William
- Arabiat Esraa
- Arafa Mohamed Ahmed
- Arafat Hasan
- Aragão Liliana
- Arancibia Gutiérrez Elsa
- Aranda Sánchez Cristian Irela
- Arar Ahmad Samih
- Arauco Jenny
- Arbab Hana
- Arboleda Jenny
- Aremo Anuoluwapo
- Arnadóttir Helena
- Arnaud Alexis P
- Arnold Marion
- Arnoletto Lucia Beatriz
- Arrmali Saddam
- Arrmalli Lina Ali
- Arshad Muhammad
- Arthur Felicity
- Arul Suren
- Ashour Dina Ayman
- Ashour Yara shareef
- Aslan Yakup
- Aspirot Ann
- Assi Ahmadfateh
- Assi Muath Abdelrahem Fuad
- Astudillo Miguel
- Atatri Yazid yousef mahmoud
- Atta Ahmed
- Attia Alaa Mobarak
- Avile Romina
- Avolio Luigi
- Awad Hadeel
- Aydin Emrah
- Aykut Merve
- Ayque Rosas Fernando
- Aziz Dayang Anita Abdul
- Ba'baa' Basheer
- Badr Helmy
- Baertschiger Reto
- Bagbio Dominic
- Bah Abdoulie
- Bai Qiang
- Bai Yu Zuo
- Baistrocchi Valentina
- Bakar Ainal Huda Abu
- Baker Wisam
- Ballouhey Quentin
- Balousha Abrar ghassan
- Bamanga Ahmed
- Baniowda Muath A. M.
- Bao Xiaozhou
- Barauskas Vidmantas
- Barbosa Patricia Reis
- Baseggio Natalia
- Bashir Fatma
- Bashir Muhammad Kashif
- Bassan Gonçalves Paulo César
- Bataineh Ziad A.
- Batal Mohammad Mohannad
- Bazozi Hana Milad
- Beasley Spencer
- Becker Karin
- Belmino Gadelha Aluísio Augusto
- Benaskeur Yousra-Imane
- Beres Alana
- Berková Klára
- Bernaus Marianela
- Berrocal Anaya Waldo
- Berzanskis Mindaugas
- Beshtawi Doha mustafa saleh
- Beşir Ahmet
- Bianchin Ezequiel
- Bibas Fatma
- Biber Elna
- Bischoff Cristiano
- Bismarck Sylvester von
- Blain Otilia Eva
- Blanc Thomas
- Blazquez-Gomez Eva
- Bobadilla Morales Lucina
- Bode Christopher
- Bonnard Arnaud
- Boonthai Ampaipan
- Borbonet Daniel
- Bouhadiba Nordeen
- Bowder Alex
- Bracho Blanchet Eduardo
- Bradshaw Kate
- Bragagnini Paolo
- Brahmamdam Pavan
- Bravo Mauro Nicolas
- Bright Benedict Paul
- Brito Quevedo Luz Mery
- Broch Aline
- Brolin Santis Isolan Paola Maria
- Brunero Marco
- Bruxel Carla Luisa
- Bsisu Isam
- Bucaram Elena
- Bueno Mazzuca Rafael
- Bueno Motter Sarah
- Bujarimin Ahmad Shafiee bin
- Bulnes Mendizabal David
- Burks Stephen S.
- Burns Kate
- Butler Marilyn
- Bvulani Bruce
- C. Nwosu David
- Caamal Lorenzo Juvencio
- Calancea Calin
- Calderon Moore Antonio
- Calderón Arancibia José Alfredo
- Calistus Nwachukwu
- Cama Jitoko
- Camamra Kajali
- Cameron Fraser
- Camp Lauren
- Canözer Ali
- Caouette-Laberge Louise
- Cardenas Alva Loreley Raquel
- Cardenas Ruiz Velasco Juan Jose
- Carrasco Ana Lucia
- Carrasco-Ortega Cesar
- Carrillo Isabel
- Casado Francis Tanise
- Casal Beloy Isabel
- Caseb Paloma
- Casquero Victor
- Castañeda Espinosa Sergio
- Castaño Avila Daniela
- Castedo Camacho Fabiola Ruth
- Cavaiuolo Silvia
- Cañapataña Sahuanay Veronica Raquel
- Cepeda Rodrigo
- Cesur İlknur Banlı
- Chan Jonathan
- Chang Jeremy
- Charras Maria Delia
- Chaudary Ali Raza
- Chaudhry Muhammad Amjad
- Chauhan Nirav
- Chavez Galvez Patricia
- Chen Lulu
- Chen Rui
- Cheung Maija
- Chipalavela Rossana Francisco
- Chiriboga Elena
- Chitiavi Soita Wycliffe
- Chitnis Milind
- Cho Seok Hyeon
- Choo Candy SC
- Chukwu Isaac
- Chukwuemeka Anyanwu Lofty-John
- Chung Jae Hee
- Cletus Cyril
- Coghill Griffin
- Collins Nwokoro
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- Tahyneh Abdulraheem Adnan Abdulraheem
- Takrouney Mohammed Hamada
- Talat Nabila
- Tallaa Mohamed Anwer El
- Tamada Horácio
- Tamaddun Hafatin Fairos bt
- Tang Weibing
- Tanimola Adebayo Gbenga
- Tanming Patchareeporn
- Tanny Sharman Tan
- Tantush Sara Abobaker
- Tarabishi Ahmad Sankari
- Tarek Ahmed
- Tarmohamed Murad
- Tarniba Sara Ali
- Tarrado Xavier
- Tasker David
- Teague Warwick
- Telles Leila
- Temilade Bolarinwa Bolanle
- Teo Rufinah
- Teran Araceli
- Terzic Sabina
- Testoni Daniela
- Thaiwatcharamas Kanokrat
- Thiessen Jesh
- Thomas Amy Hughes
- Thomas Gordon
- Thomas Mark C
- Thompson Hannah
- Till Holger
- Tillig Bernd
- Tinoco Guzmán Nestor Julien
- Tobor Szymon
- Toczewski Krystian
- Tom Alan
- Toplicic Djordje
- Toral Eliana
- Torres Miranda Cesar
- Torres Picón Cintya Maria de Jesus
- Torres-Canchala Laura
- Toselli Luzia
- Touabti Souhem
- Toufik Iaiche Achour
- Tovar Gutierrez Natalia
- Trainba Sara
- Trigoso Mori Fernando
- Trindade Deyl Rafael
- Trojanová Barbora
- Trypens Agata
- Tumi Mohamed
- Tuyishime Eugene
- Türkyılmaz Canan
- Türkyılmaz Zafer
- Ubhi Harmony
- Ugwu Jideofor O
- Ugwunne Chuka A
- Ulasi Ikechukwu
- Ullrich Sarah
- Vacek Jonathan
- Vaitkiene Agota
- Valencia Santiago
- Valeria Pelussi
- Valerio-Vazquez Rafael
- Vanis Nedim
- Vaquila Justo
- Varela Maria Florencia
- Vasquez Matos Juan Pedro
- Vatta Fabrizio
- Vega Centen Stephany
- Velaña Junior
- Vellusamy V Muthualhagi M
- Venant Ntakarutimana
- Venkatraman Soundappan Sannappa
- Verdeata Roxana
- Verduga Ivan
- Verduga Leonardo
- Vergara Carolina
- Verkauskas Gilvydas
- Veronica Sofficci
- Vervoort Dominique
- Vianney Butoyi Jean Marie
- Vida Lucian
- Vidal Cristian R. Zalles
- Vierboom Liam
- Villalba Villalba Araceli
- Villegas Silva Raúl
- Vinskaite Asta
- Vos Corné de
- Vosoughi Armin
- Wafa Tamer
- Walker Gregor
- Wang Jinhu
- Wang Peng
- Waseem Basma
- Weeratunga Naveen
- Weiszewsk Alicja
- Wen Gang
- Werneck Raposo Juliana
- Wester Tomas
- Wijekoon Naveen
- Wilke Alexandra
- Williams Isabelle
- Williams Omolara
- Williams Regan
- Win Win Sabai Phyu
- Wishah Bisan D. M.
- Wishah Nidal
- Wissanji Hussein
- Wolak Przemyslaw
- Wolny Agnieszka
- Wong Janice
- Wong Marilyn
- Wright Naomi Jane
- Wu Guowei
- Wyrzykowski Dariusz
- Xiaodong Guo
- Xie Hua
- Yacoub Mina A.
- Yaghi Bashar
- Yaghi Dua Hasan
- Yalcinkaya Ali
- Yang Hee-Beom
- Yanis Ahmad H.
- Yanowsky Reyes Guillermo
- Yao Yang
- Yapo Benjamin
- Yarza Fernández Jessica
- Yeniay Aslı Öztürk
- Yola Mariya Mukhtar
- Yong Feng
- Youn Joong Kee
- Yousuf Hina
- Yu Mengnan
- Yu Raisa
- Yuen Quah Soong
- Yuldashev Rustam Z.
- Yunus Aayenah
- Za'nouneh Faris J. Abu
- Zaghlol Louay Y.
- Zahari Dato' Dr Zakaria bin
- Zain Mostafa
- Zaman Azrina SK
- Zanellato Josiane Bernartt
- Zarwawi Ahmad Zulhisyam bin
- Zea-Salazar Luis Enrique
- Zeinelabdeen Ali
- Zhao Xiaoxia
- Zhu Jianming
- Zhu Libin
- Zidan Mazen
- Zivanovic Dragoljub
- Zottis Barcelos Fabricio
- Zreeg Dafer abdulhakim . S.
- Zurikat Rajai O.
- Zvizdic Nada
- Zvizdic Zlatan
- Çekiç Bahanur
- Çelik Müge
- Özçelik Zerrin
- Şeref Kıvanç
- Šafus Antonín
- Škvařil Jan
- Štichhauer Radek
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
Summary
Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally.
Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies
have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of
the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income
countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality.
Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to
hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis,
exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a
minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical
status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary
intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause,
in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status.
We did a complete case analysis.
Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital
diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal
malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome
countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male.
Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3).
Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income
countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups).
Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome
countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries;
p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients
combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11],
p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20
[1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention
(ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety
checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed
(ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of
parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65
[0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality.
Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome,
middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will
be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger
than 5 years by 2030
An adaptive randomised placebo controlled phase II trial of antivirals for COVID-19 infection (VIRCO):A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 13/10/2020
- Field of study