Nova namena kao determinanta u tretmanu industrijskih braunfilda - modeli obnove i klasifikacija

The thesis is a contribution to the study of problems of industrial brownfields and models of their redevelopment in terms of the need for recycling of the existing built environment as an important factor in the context of sustainable development. The study focuses on the question of determining new uses of existing industrial facilities and complexes and the way in which it determines the success of the reconstruction process. Having regard to the redefinition of the concepts of urban development, this study points to the necessity of exploring the renewal of industrial brownfields as an important factor in contemporary planning and construction of cities and creating a visual identity of the built environment. Three models of transformation determined by a new purpose have been defined - models "habitat", "hub" and "forum" for which a system of evaluation of attributes of industrial structures has been determined. Using the AHP method, a precise analytical apparatus is defined by which the attributes of industrial brownfields are considered at the level of an industrial building, evaluated so that all structures within industrial brownfields can be identified based on the presented typology and classification. The research of the transformation process, defining new uses, еvaluation of existing industrial structures, characteristics and qualities that new purpose determines the existing space, is a contribution to a deeper understanding of architectural and urban aspects of this topic

Stem segment in vitro culture of chrysanthemum as a method for micropropagation

The effect of several nutritional media on in vitro shoot multiplication of 13 chrysanthemum cultivars grown in our country was investigated. Medium supplemented with a-naphtalenacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine was the most efficient for shoot multiplication. The highest shoot multiplication index was achieved for cultivar 'Tigerrag'. Successful rooting of shoots, depending on cultivars, was obtained on a hormone free medium. Acclimatization of 'in vitro' plants was 55-84%. After growing in the field under suitable photoperiod regime, all cultivars flowered.Proučavan je uticaj nekoliko hranljivih podloga na in vitro umnožavanje izdanaka 13 sorti hrizantema koje se gaje u našoj zemlji. Hranljive podloge obogaćene a-naftil sirćetnom i benzil-aminopurinom su bile najefikasnije za mikropropagaciju izdanaka. Najveći indeks umnožavanja izdanaka je postignut kod sorte 'Tigerrag'. Uspešno ožiljavanje (81-100%), u zavisnosti od sorte, je postignuto na hranljivoj podlozi bez hormona. Aklimatizacija 'in vitro' biljčica hrizantema se kretala u opsegu od 55-84%. Posle gajenja u uslovima polja pri odovarajućem fotoperiodu sve sorte su cvetale

Developing a Model for Sustainable Conversion of Blockhouse Bunkers in Serbia

Blockhouses represent a type of small-span aboveground bunkers, originally built in England but later also in other parts of the world. These specific forms of military heritage, which were largely built during the WWII in Balkan, are forgotten witnesses of the past. As the old military concepts and doctrines have been abandoned, the strategic interest for the blockhouses has been lost, while the questions about their future arose. While the developed countries are actively engaged in the search for sustainable solutions that consider finding the non-military uses for these military structures, it is still quite a rarity in Serbia. Many blockhouses are located in the areas of outstanding natural values or within the urban zones; so consequently, they do have a potential to be integrated into contemporary urban dynamics. The paper examines reasons and possibilities for the reuse of blockhouse bunkers, taking into account the principles of sustainability and the indicators for adaptability, analysing their spatial, functional transformation through the development of a model for sustainable conversion. In order to check the debated postulates, a design proposal of a blockhouse converted into a single-family house is presented and discussed from the aspect of layout flexibility and development of a modular extension, as a plausible and sustainable scenario

Clonal fidelity of chrysanthemum regenerated from long term cultures

Morphological characteristics of flowers of long term regenerated chrysanthemum, cv. "White Spider", after ten years of micropropagation are investigated. Shoot cultures are established and maintained more than ten years by stem segment culture on MS medium supplemented with BAP and NAA (1.0, 0.1 mgL-1, respectively). Rooting of shoots (100 %) has done on MS medium without hormones and it was very successful after ten years, as well as, after two or eight years of micropropagation. Acclimation of rooted chrysanthemum plantlets at greenhouse conditions was excellent and after appropriate photoperiod "in vitro" plants flowered 90.3 % and have the same flower color, shape and size as mother plants. Flower color changes of "in vitro" plants are observed during another flowering cycle one year after acclimatization. Observed variations of chrysanthemum flowers could be attributed to epigenetic factors.Praćene su morfološke karakteristike cvetova regeneranata cv. "White Spider" posle deset godina gajenja u kulturi in vitro. Izdanci su umnožavani u kulturi segmenata stabla preko aksilarnih pupoljaka na MS podlozi sa α-naftilsirćetnom kiselinom i benzilaminopurinom (0,5 odnosno 1,0 mgL-1), . Praćeno je umnožavanje izdanaka u periodu od devetnaest pasaža (tri godine) kada je došlo do sukcesivnog smanjenja indeksa umnožavanja. Oživljavanje izdanaka je praćeno na MS podlozi bez hormona i bilo je podjednako uspešno posle dve, kao i posle osam i deset godina mikropropagacije. Oživljene biljke hrizantema su uspešno aklimatizovane na uslove staklenika (97 %). Nakon odgovarajućeg fotoperioda, 90,3 % biljaka je cvetalo i imale su identičnu boju cveta matičnim biljkama hrizantema. Promene u boji cveta su uočene kod "in vitro" biljaka u sledećem ciklusu cvetanja, tj. godinu dana posle aklimatizacije. Ove promene bi se mogle pripisati epigenetskim faktorima.nul

Stem segment in vitro culture of chrysanthemum as a method for micropropagation

The effect of several nutritional media on in vitro shoot multiplication of 13 chrysanthemum cultivars grown in our country was investigated. Medium supplemented with a-naphtalenacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine was the most efficient for shoot multiplication. The highest shoot multiplication index was achieved for cultivar 'Tigerrag'. Successful rooting of shoots, depending on cultivars, was obtained on a hormone free medium. Acclimatization of 'in vitro' plants was 55-84%. After growing in the field under suitable photoperiod regime, all cultivars flowered.Proučavan je uticaj nekoliko hranljivih podloga na in vitro umnožavanje izdanaka 13 sorti hrizantema koje se gaje u našoj zemlji. Hranljive podloge obogaćene a-naftil sirćetnom i benzil-aminopurinom su bile najefikasnije za mikropropagaciju izdanaka. Najveći indeks umnožavanja izdanaka je postignut kod sorte 'Tigerrag'. Uspešno ožiljavanje (81-100%), u zavisnosti od sorte, je postignuto na hranljivoj podlozi bez hormona. Aklimatizacija 'in vitro' biljčica hrizantema se kretala u opsegu od 55-84%. Posle gajenja u uslovima polja pri odovarajućem fotoperiodu sve sorte su cvetale

Clonal fidelity of chrysanthemum regenerated from long term cultures

Morphological characteristics of flowers of long term regenerated chrysanthemum, cv. "White Spider", after ten years of micropropagation are investigated. Shoot cultures are established and maintained more than ten years by stem segment culture on MS medium supplemented with BAP and NAA (1.0, 0.1 mgL-1, respectively). Rooting of shoots (100 %) has done on MS medium without hormones and it was very successful after ten years, as well as, after two or eight years of micropropagation. Acclimation of rooted chrysanthemum plantlets at greenhouse conditions was excellent and after appropriate photoperiod "in vitro" plants flowered 90.3 % and have the same flower color, shape and size as mother plants. Flower color changes of "in vitro" plants are observed during another flowering cycle one year after acclimatization. Observed variations of chrysanthemum flowers could be attributed to epigenetic factors.Praćene su morfološke karakteristike cvetova regeneranata cv. "White Spider" posle deset godina gajenja u kulturi in vitro. Izdanci su umnožavani u kulturi segmenata stabla preko aksilarnih pupoljaka na MS podlozi sa α-naftilsirćetnom kiselinom i benzilaminopurinom (0,5 odnosno 1,0 mgL-1), . Praćeno je umnožavanje izdanaka u periodu od devetnaest pasaža (tri godine) kada je došlo do sukcesivnog smanjenja indeksa umnožavanja. Oživljavanje izdanaka je praćeno na MS podlozi bez hormona i bilo je podjednako uspešno posle dve, kao i posle osam i deset godina mikropropagacije. Oživljene biljke hrizantema su uspešno aklimatizovane na uslove staklenika (97 %). Nakon odgovarajućeg fotoperioda, 90,3 % biljaka je cvetalo i imale su identičnu boju cveta matičnim biljkama hrizantema. Promene u boji cveta su uočene kod "in vitro" biljaka u sledećem ciklusu cvetanja, tj. godinu dana posle aklimatizacije. Ove promene bi se mogle pripisati epigenetskim faktorima.nul

Nova namena kao determinanta u tretmanu industrijskih braunfilda - modeli obnove i klasifikacija

The thesis is a contribution to the study of problems of industrial brownfields and models of their redevelopment in terms of the need for recycling of the existing built environment as an important factor in the context of sustainable development. The study focuses on the question of determining new uses of existing industrial facilities and complexes and the way in which it determines the success of the reconstruction process. Having regard to the redefinition of the concepts of urban development, this study points to the necessity of exploring the renewal of industrial brownfields as an important factor in contemporary planning and construction of cities and creating a visual identity of the built environment. Three models of transformation determined by a new purpose have been defined - models "habitat", "hub" and "forum" for which a system of evaluation of attributes of industrial structures has been determined. Using the AHP method, a precise analytical apparatus is defined by which the attributes of industrial brownfields are considered at the level of an industrial building, evaluated so that all structures within industrial brownfields can be identified based on the presented typology and classification. The research of the transformation process, defining new uses, еvaluation of existing industrial structures, characteristics and qualities that new purpose determines the existing space, is a contribution to a deeper understanding of architectural and urban aspects of this topic

Establishment of efficient regeneration protocol from leaf explants of Iris pumila shoots cultured in vitro

An efficient plant regeneration protocol via somatic embyogenesis by leaf base Culture of in vitro grown Iris pumila shoots was developed. Induction of embryogenic calli was achieved on MS media supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), kinetin (4,5 mu M each) and some additives (L-proline, casein hydrolysate, adenine sulphate and tyrosine), Further differentiation of embryogenic calli was achieved on MS hormone-free media. and on media supplemented with either BAP (4.5 mu M) or BAP + zeatin (4.5 and 0.2 mu M. respectively), which allowed somatic embryos, as well as shoot-like structures to form. Fully developed somatic embryos germinated on an MS hormone-free medium. An anatomical study confirmed that shoot-like structures represented early germinating stages of somatic embryos, Acclimatization of plants derived from somatic embryos was 64% after 1 year and no morphological variation was observed. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.nul

Influence of the sex of flowers on androgenesis in Aesculus hippocastanum L. anther culture

Flowers of Aesculus hippocastanum L. are bisexual and zygomorphic, and are positioned on a 20-30 cm long inflorescence. Those located in the basal part of the panicle are female and fertile (segment A), flowers in the middle are bisexual (segment B), and those on top of the panicle are male (segment C). Androgenesis was achieved in anther culture which originated from three types of flowers cultured on modified Murashige and Skoog medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic cid (4.5 muM) and kinetin (4.6 muM) Differences in viability of uninuclear microspores were found between female (90.0%) and other flowers (bisexual 61.1%; male 72.7%). Both the percentage of embryogenic anthers and the number of androgenic embryos formed per inflorescence differed according to the segment of origin. The highest embryogenic response was obtained in segment A (47.3%) and the lowest in segment C (24.1%). A significant difference was found between the number of androgenic embryos formed per inflorescence in segments A (921.0) and C (286.7). The highest germination percentage (21.3%) and plantlet formation (41.0%) were obtained on woody plant WPM liquid medium supplemented with 1% activated charcoal. Acclimation and regeneration were Lest from plantlets originating from female flowers (62.5%). Plantlets originating from bisexual and male flowers have much poorer survival (29.3 and 22.2%, respectively).nul

Mixed Spearman's Correlation Suitability for Sine-Shaped Independent Variables in Natural Sciences

Pearson's and Spearman's methods are most often used in popular software packages to calculate the correlation coefficient between two variables in natural sciences. The (1) difference between them is that the Pearson's method takes actual numerical values into account whereas the Spearman's operates with their ranks. Ranking is often efficient in dealing with nonlinearities and outliers in the data. However, not both independent (x) and outcome (y) variable have to be suitable for this. We propose not to rank the independent variable in case it comes sine-shaped. Most notable example of such a variable in nature is the temperature. It is sine-shaped due to day-night and summer-winter transitions. It does not contain many outliers, not only due to the shape, but also because it is often sampled at multiple points and averaged (to be linked with a single outcome variable observation). The proposed method is evaluated in simulations and with experimental data obtained in South Adriatic zooplankton research. Practical advices on how to apply it using popular software tools are given