191 research outputs found
Space electric power systems study- d-c to d-c converters for nuclear-thermionic energy sources
Direct current converters used in space electric power system for nuclear-electric power suppl
Legacies of Kanjogera: women political elites and the transgression of gender norms in Rwanda
Kanjogera looms large in Rwandan history as a Queen Mother (1895–1931) – a position equal to that of the king – who wielded extraordinary political power. While she was not the first Rwandan woman to exercise this kind of power, she is arguably the most widely remembered in Rwandan popular culture largely due to the brutalities she allegedly inflicted upon her perceived enemies. But why do Kanjogera’s violent excesses stand out when other monarchical figures also occasionally used violence to maintain or expand their power? What might the way her name is invoked in the present tell us about modern Rwandan gender norms and people’s attitudes toward women who exercise significant political power? We respond to these questions by examining the permissible behaviours of Rwandan women political elites in historical perspective. Following an overview of Kanjogera’s political legacy, we turn our attention to two First Ladies, Agathe Kanziga (1973–1994) and Jeannette Kagame (2000-present) who, for different reasons, are occasionally referred to as modern incarnations of Kanjogera. In these two cases, we argue Kanjogera’s name serves as a rhetorical device that reveals ongoing anxieties about women exercising significant political power, while simultaneously undermining the politically prominent men with whom they are associated
Load programmer, static switches, and annunciator for inverters and converters
Load programmer, switches, and annunciator for static inverters and converters operating in paralle
Beyond the Basics: Expanding Theories of Liability and Defenses for Claims Involving Medical Device Sales Representatives
An empirical study of the psychodynamics of suicide: A preliminary report
Preliminary results from a study of psychodynamic constructs are presented based on data from inpatients following a suicide attempt. The study examines the association between four psychodynamic constructs, severity of suicidal intent, and severity of depressive symptomatology in a sample of hospitalized suicide attempters. Higher levels of suicidal intent were associated with less differentiated self and object representations and less emotional investment in relationships. More severe depressive symptoms in suicide attempters were correlated with more self‐targeted anger; less eternally directed anger, higher levels of shame and guilt, more affectively negative views of relationships, greater use of maladaptive and self‐sacrificing defenses, and more impaired reality testing. These findings offer some preliminary empirical support for the validity of psychodynamic theories of suicidal behavior. Depression 4:89–91 (1996). © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/106104/1/9_ftp.pd
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Modeling of Metabolic Pathways of Bromochloromethane in Rats
Bromochloromethane (BCM) is a volatile compound and a by-product of disinfection of water by chlorination. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are used in risk assessment applications. An updated PBPK model for BCM is generated and applied to hypotheses testing calibrated using vapor uptake data. The two different metabolic hypotheses examined are (1) a two-pathway model using both CYP2E1 and glutathione transferase enzymes and (2) a two-binding site model where metabolism can occur on one enzyme, CYP2E1. Our computer simulations show that both hypotheses describe the experimental data in a similar manner. The two pathway results were comparable to previously reported values (Vmax = 3.8 mg/hour, Km = 0.35 mg/liter, and kGST = 4.7 /hour). The two binding site results were Vmax1 = 3.7 mg/hour, Km1 = 0.3 mg/hour, CL2 = 0.047 liter/hour. In addition, we explore the sensitivity of different parameters for each model using our obtained optimized values
Hybrid Characteristics: 3D radiative transfer for parallel adaptive mesh refinement hydrodynamics
We have developed a three-dimensional radiative transfer method designed
specifically for use with parallel adaptive mesh refinement hydrodynamics
codes. This new algorithm, which we call hybrid characteristics, introduces a
novel form of ray tracing that can neither be classified as long, nor as short
characteristics, but which applies the underlying principles, i.e. efficient
execution through interpolation and parallelizability, of both. Primary
applications of the hybrid characteristics method are radiation hydrodynamics
problems that take into account the effects of photoionization and heating due
to point sources of radiation. The method is implemented in the hydrodynamics
package FLASH. The ionization, heating, and cooling processes are modelled
using the DORIC ionization package. Upon comparison with the long
characteristics method, we find that our method calculates the column density
with a similarly high accuracy and produces sharp and well defined shadows. We
show the quality of the new algorithm in an application to the photoevaporation
of multiple over-dense clumps. We present several test problems demonstrating
the feasibility of our method for performing high resolution three-dimensional
radiation hydrodynamics calculations that span a large range of scales. Initial
performance tests show that the ray tracing part of our method takes less time
to execute than other parts of the calculation (e.g. hydrodynamics and adaptive
mesh refinement), and that a high degree of efficiency is obtained in parallel
execution. Although the hybrid characteristics method is developed for problems
involving photoionization due to point sources, the algorithm can be easily
adapted to the case of more general radiation fields.Comment: 15 pages, 15 figures, submitted to A&
Molecular alterations in skeletal muscle in rheumatoid arthritis are related to disease activity, physical inactivity, and disability
Abstract Background: To identify molecular alterations in skeletal muscle in rheumatoid arthriti
Is the left-right scale a valid measure of ideology? Individual-level variation in associations with "left" and "right" and left-right self-placement
In order to measure ideology, political scientists heavily rely on the so-called left-right scale. Left and right are, however, abstract political concepts and may trigger different associations among respondents. If these associations vary systematically with other variables this may induce bias in the empirical study of ideology. We illustrate this problem using a unique survey that asked respondents open-ended questions regarding the meanings they attribute to the concepts "left" and "right". We assess and categorize this textual data using topic modeling techniques. Our analysis shows that variation in respondents’ associations is systematically related to their self-placement on the left-right scale and also to variables such as education and respondents’ cultural background (East vs. West Germany). Our findings indicate that the interpersonal comparability of the left-right scale across individuals is impaired. More generally, our study suggests that we need more research on how respondents interpret various abstract concepts that we regularly use in survey questions
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