Evaluation of Esterification and Membrane Based Solvent Extraction as Methods for the Recovery of Short Chain Volatile Fatty Acids from Slaughterhouse Blood Anaerobic Mixed Fermentation

Two routes, esterification and membrane based solvent extraction, were tested for their efficiency to extract volatile fatty acids (VFA) (acetic, propionic, butyric, iso-butyric, iso-valeric and valeric acids) produced from the anaerobic-mixed fermentation of slaughterhouse blood. A range of operational parameters and reagents were assessed to optimize each system. Esterification recovered VFA as methyl esters with the production of ammonium sulphate as a value-added by-product of the esterification reaction. A membrane extraction system, comprised of a hydrophobic membrane and extractant using octanol/TOA (trioctylamine), was efficient to separate butyric and iso-valeric acids in favour of acetic acid from the fermentation broth. These results provided important information for the development of a carboxylate-platform bio-refinery using high-protein wastes as substrate

Hongos nativos con potencial degradador de tintes industriales en el valle de aburrá, colombia

Los colorantes industriales poseen estructuras químicas estables que dificultan su tratamiento mediante procesos fisicoquímicos convencionales. En los últimos años, como una alternativa biotecnológica para la degradación de compuestos recalcitrantes, se han utilizado hongos ligninolíticos de diferentes grupos taxonómicos, que producen enzimas oxidantes de dichas moléculas. El aislamiento e identificación de especies fúngicas nativas con potencial decolorante, resulta promisorio para biorremediar efluentes provenientes de industrias textiles. En esta investigación se identificaron, con base en análisis de secuencias de las regiones ITS1 e ITS2 y 28S del ADNr, y por sus características morfológicas, cuatro hongos nativos aislados de material lignocelulósico colectado en el Valle de Aburrá (Antioquia, Colombia). Los aislamientos fueron identificados como el ascomycete Leptosphaerulina sp., y los hongos anamórficos Trichoderma viride (dos cepas) y Aspergillus niger

Elimination of Isoxazolyl-Penicillins antibiotics in waters by the ligninolytic native Colombian strain Leptosphaerulina sp. considerations on biodegradation process and antimicrobial activity removal

In this work, Leptosphaerulina sp. (a Colombian native fungus) significantly removed three Isoxazolyl-Penicillin antibiotics (IP): oxacillin (OXA, 16000 µg L-1), cloxacillin (CLX, 17500 µg L-1) and dicloxacillin (DCX, 19000 µg L-1) from water. The biological treatment was performed at pH 5.6, 28 °C, and 160 rpm for 15 days. The biotransformation proccess and lack of toxicity of the final solutions (antibacterial activity (AA) and cytotoxicity) were tested. The role of enzymes in IP removal was analysed through in vitro studies with enzymatic extracts (crude and pre-purified) from Leptosphaerulina sp., commercial enzymes and enzymatic inhibitors. Futhermore, the applicabililty of mycoremediation process to a complex matrix (simulated hospital wastewater) was evaluated. IP were considerably abated by the fungus, OXA was the fastest degraded (day 6), followed by CLX (day 7) and DCX (day 8). Antibiotics biodegradation was associated to laccase and versatile peroxidase action. Assays using commercial enzymes (i.e. laccase from Trametes versicolor and horseradish peroxidase) and inhibitors (EDTA, NaCl, sodium acetate, manganese (II) ions) confirmed the significant role of enzymatic transformation. Whereas, biomass sorption was not an important process in the antibiotics elimination. Evaluation of AA against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 revealed that Leptosphaerulina sp. also eliminated the AA. In addition, the cytotoxicity assay (MTT) on the HepG2 cell line demonstrated that the IP final solutions were non-toxic. Finally, Leptosphaerulina sp. eliminated OXA and its AA from synthetic hospital wastewater at 6 days. All these results evidenced the potential of Leptosphaerulina sp. mycoremediation as a novel environmentally friendly process for the removal of IP from aqueous systems

Dataset for article - Esterification and membrane based solvent extraction for VFA recovery

Placido J and Zhang Y (2017) Evaluation of esterification and membrane based solvent extraction as methods for the recovery of short chain volatile fatty acids from slaughterhouse blood anaerobic mixed fermentation. Waste and Biomass Valorization. Accepted on 06 April 2017. Fig 2. Bar plots for the yields obtained by the esterification reaction of model VFA solution. a) Methyl VFA yield (%) b) (NH4)2SO4 Yield (%). Fig 3. Esterification reaction yield for the VFA produced from the slaughterhouse blood mixed fermentation broth. a) Methyl VFA yield (%) b) (NH4)2SO4 Yield (%). Fig 4. a) Reaction kinetic for the FA produced from the slaughterhouse blood mixed fermentation broth. b) Esterification reaction temperature for the VFA produced from the slaughterhouse blood mixed fermentation broth. Fig 5. a) Bar plot for the VFA recovery for the experiment modifying TOA concentration, and VFA TOA/octanol relationship. b) Bar plot for the VFA recovery using the slaughterhouse blood mixed fermentation broth and model solutions a regular and acidified pH. Fig 6. VFA recovery using the MBSE system. a) Model VFA solution. b) Unacidified fermentation broth from slaughterhouse blood. c) Acidified fermentation broth from slaughterhouse blood. Table 1. Duncan&#39;s Multiple Range Test for the comparison of means from the recovery% of VFA from model solutions</span

Viruses in Extreme Environments, Current Overview, and Biotechnological Potential

Virus research has advanced significantly since the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), the characterization of its infection mechanisms and the factors that determine their pathogenicity. However, most viral research has focused on pathogenic viruses to humans, animals and plants, which represent only a small fraction in the virosphere. As a result, the role of most viral genes, and the mechanisms of coevolution between mutualistic viruses, their host and their environment, beyond pathogenicity, remain poorly understood. This review focuses on general aspects of viruses that interact with extremophile organisms, characteristics and examples of mechanisms of adaptation. Finally, this review provides an overview on how knowledge of extremophile viruses sheds light on the application of new tools of relevant use in modern molecular biology, discussing their value in a biotechnological context

MOESM1 of Degradation and detoxification of synthetic dyes and textile industry effluents by newly isolated Leptosphaerulina sp. from Colombia

Additional file 1. Statistical analysis