Instabilities and turbulence in highly ionized plasmas in a magnetic field Semiannual status report, 1 Sep. 1970 - 28 Feb. 1971

Instabilities and turbulence in highly ionized plasmas in magnetic field related to problems of thrustors for manned space flight and plasma generated energ

The nu sub 2 band CHD3; ground state parameters for CHD3 from combination differences

The nu sub 2 fundamental band of CHD3, centered near 2143/cm, was recorded at a resolution of 0.015-0.25/cm. Analysis of ground state combination differences yielded well-determined values for the ground state molecular parameters for CHD3. These parameters were used in the determination of the alpha and beta molecular parameters for nu sub 2

Low temperature catalytic ignition of hydrogen and oxygen

Catalyst composed of 32 percent iridium metal supported on granular alumina is most active and most stable of platinum metal catalysts. Catalyst consistently induces reactions at temperatures as low as 78 K

A comprehensive test of order choice theory: recent evidence from the NYSE

We perform a comprehensive test of order choice theory from a sample period when the NYSE trades in decimals and allows automatic executions. We analyze the decision to submit or cancel an order or to take no action. For submitted orders we distinguish order type (market vs. limit), order side (buy vs. sell), execution method (floor vs. automatic), and order pricing aggressiveness. We use a multinomial logit specification and a new statistical test. We find a negative autocorrelation in changes in order flow exists over five-minute intervals supporting dynamic limit order book theory, despite a positive first-order autocorrelation in order type. Orders routed to the NYSE’s floor are sensitive to market conditions (e.g., spread, depth, volume, volatility, market and individual-stock returns, and private information), but those using the automatic execution system (Direct+) are insensitive to market conditions. When the quoted depth is large, traders are more likely to “jump the queue” by submitting limit orders with limit prices bettering existing quotes. Aggressively-priced limit orders are more likely late in the trading day providing evidence in support of prior experimental results

Relativistic effects on LEED intensities from Au(111)

Comparison of relativistically and nonrelativistically calculated intensity versus energy profiles in low energy electron diffraction (LEED) from the (111) surface of Au (Z = 79) reveals that relativistic corrections are quite significant. They can however, be obtained in very good approximation by quasirelativistic calculations, in which spin-averaged relativistic phase shifts are used as input for the nonrelativistic multiple scattering formalism. Further, relativistic effects on intensities are found to be comparable to differences arising from different approximations to the exchange part of the ion core potential

TRAVOS: Trust and Reputation in the Context of Inaccurate Information Sources

In many dynamic open systems, agents have to interact with one another to achieve their goals. Here, agents may be self-interested, and when trusted to perform an action for another, may betray that trust by not performing the action as required. In addition, due to the size of such systems, agents will often interact with other agents with which they have little or no past experience. There is therefore a need to develop a model of trust and reputation that will ensure good interactions among software agents in large scale open systems. Against this background, we have developed TRAVOS (Trust and Reputation model for Agent-based Virtual OrganisationS) which models an agent's trust in an interaction partner. Specifically, trust is calculated using probability theory taking account of past interactions between agents, and when there is a lack of personal experience between agents, the model draws upon reputation information gathered from third parties. In this latter case, we pay particular attention to handling the possibility that reputation information may be inaccurate

Geoarchaeological Investigations in WNY Using Ground Penetrating Radar

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a geophysical tool used for studying the subsurface. An antenna dragged across the surface emits electromagnetic waves, which are then reflected back to the antenna and recorded. Interaction of the radar signals with subsurface materials and layers reveals features useful for many scientific applications including near-surface geology, archaeology, and engineering. In this study, GPR was used at 3 sites in WNY including Old Fort Niagara and two cemeteries. In order to better understand remaining archaeological features at Old Fort Niagara, a large GPR survey was conducted at the fort revealing foundations, hearths, and past topography associated with a seawall. To aid interpretation, data was compared to historic maps of the fort to create a GPR-based map of what archaeological features remain in the subsurface today. This map can now be used for the planning of excavations by the Buffalo State Archaeological Field School in the summer of 2015 and in subsequent years. GPR surveys were also conducted at the Holy Mother of the Rosary Cemetery in Cheektowaga, NY, and Oakwood Cemetery in Niagara Falls, NY. At each of the sites, poor or lost records resulted in a plethora of lost or unknown locations of burials. As part of ongoing restoration projects at the sites, GPR was used to map the locations of lost burials providing accurate locations. At both sites, many lost graves were revealed, and in one 20 x 20 m grid at the Holy Mother of the Rosary Cemetery, roughly 60 graves were mapped. At both cemeteries and Old Fort Niagara, a non-invasive technique was required for collecting data and mapping the subsurface making GPR a favorable tool