19 research outputs found
An in-depth examination of the implementation of the Disability Equality Duty - Executive Summary. A research report for the Office for Disability Issues
In 2007 the Office for Disability Issues commissioned this seven-month study to examine the implementation of the Disability Equality Duty (DED) in England. The research was conducted by teams from the universities of Glasgow and Strathclyde. The full report is available at www.officefordisability.gov.u
An in-depth examination of the implementation of the Disability Equality Duty in England
This seven-month study examined the implementation of the Disability Equality Duty (DED) in England. The DED, introduced through the Disability Discrimination Act 2005, applies to public authorities in England, Wales and Scotland
An In-Depth Examination of the Implementation of the Disability Equality Duty in England: Report for the Office for Disability Issues
This seven-month study examined the
implementation of the Disability Equality Duty
(DED) in England. The DED, introduced through
the Disability Discrimination Act 2005, applies to
public authorities in England, Wales and Scotland.
The DED comprises a general duty and specific
duties. The general duty requires public authorities
to carry out their functions with due regard to the
need to promote equality between disabled and
non-disabled people. The specific duties require
public authorities to publish a Disability Equality
Scheme (DES) setting out how they intend to fulfil
their general duty and specific duties. In addition,
certain Secretaries of State must publish an
overarching report for their policy sectors every
three years. A Code of Practice1
to assist authorities
with implementing the Duty was published by the
then Disability Rights Commission
Mainstreaming the Disability Equality Duty and the impact on public authorities' working practices
Implemented as part of the 2005 amendments to the Disability Equality Act, the Disability Equality Duty (DED) placed new and important demands on public sector bodies. All such organisations are required to develop policies and working practices which actively promote the equality of disabled people as employees, consumers or visitors. The promotion of equality has to be proactive as opposed to reactive and must be mainstreamed into the normal day to day activities of organisational working practices. Whilst the DED follows on from the framework of previous anti-discrimination legislation set in place over the last fifteen years, it represents a significant change in equality legislation, demands that public sector bodies instigate fundamental changes in their approach towards disability. This article reports on the initial stages of the implementation process of the DED across a range of public sector organisations in England, focussing in particular on how this policy has impacted on mainstreaming. Discussion shows that although organisations show awareness of mainstreaming and its implications for disability equality, there is limited evidence to suggest that the public sector has fully embraced this agenda
Cardiorespiratory risk factors as predictors of 40-year mortality in women and men.: Risk factors and 40-year mortality
International audienceOBJECTIVE: Most historical studies of cardiorespiratory risk factors as predictors of mortality have been based on men. This study examines whether they predict mortality over long periods in women and men. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Participants were employees of the General Post Office. METHODS: Risk factor data were collected via clinical examination and questionnaire, 1966-7. Associations between cardiorespiratory risk factors and 40-year mortality were determined for 644 women and 1272 men aged 35-70 at examination. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: All-cause, cardiovascular (CVD), cancer and respiratory mortality. RESULTS: Associations between systolic blood pressure and all-cause and stroke mortality were equally strong for women and men, hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) 1.25 (1.1 to 1.4) and 1.18 (1.1 to 1.3); and 2.17 (1.7 to 2.8) and 1.69 (1.4 to 2.1), respectively. Cholesterol was higher in women and was associated with all-cause 1.22 (1.1 to 1.4) and CVD 1.39 (1.2 to 1.7) mortality, while associations between 2-hour glucose and all-cause 1.15 (1.1 to 1.2), coronary heart disease (CHD) 1.25 (1.1 to 1.4) and respiratory mortality 1.21 (1.0 to 1.5) were observed in men. Obesity was associated with stroke in women (2.42 (1.12 to 5.24)) and CHD in men (1.59 (1.02 to 2.49)), while ECG ischaemia was associated with CVD in both sexes. The strongest, most consistent predictor of mortality was smoking in women and poor lung function in men. However, evidence of sex differences in associations between the cardiorespiratory risk factors measured and mortality was sparse. CONCLUSIONS: Data from a 40-year follow-up period show remarkably persistent associations between risk factors and cardiorespiratory and all-cause mortality in women and men
Alpha Synuclein Fibrils Contain Multiple Binding Sites for Small Molecules
The
fibrillary aggregation of the protein alpha synuclein (Asyn) is a
hallmark of Parkinson’s disease, and the identification of
small molecule binding sites on fibrils is essential to the development
of diagnostic imaging probes. A series of molecular modeling, photoaffinity
labeling, mass spectrometry, and radioligand binding studies were
conducted on Asyn fibrils. The results of these studies revealed the
presence of three different binding sites within fibrillar Asyn capable
of binding small molecules with moderate to high affinity. A knowledge
of the amino acid residues in these binding sites will be important
in the design of high affinity probes capable of imaging fibrillary
species of Asyn
Hot flashes, fatigue, treatment exposures and work productivity in breast cancer survivors
Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviour intentions for three bowel management practices in intensive care: effects of a targeted protocol implementation for nursing and medical staff
BACKGROUND: Bowel management protocols have the potential to minimize complications for critically ill patients. Targeted implementation can increase the uptake of protocols by clinicians into practice. The theory of planned behaviour offers a framework in which to investigate clinicians’ intention to perform the behaviour of interest. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of implementing a bowel management protocol on intensive care nursing and medical staffs’ knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, behaviour intentions, role perceptions and past behaviours in relation to three bowel management practices. METHODS: A descriptive before and after survey using a self-administered questionnaire sent to nursing and medical staff working within three intensive care units before and after implementation of our bowel management protocol (pre: May – June 2008; post: Feb – May 2009). RESULTS: Participants had significantly higher knowledge scores post-implementation of our protocol (pre mean score 17.6; post mean score 19.3; p = 0.004). Post-implementation there was a significant increase in: self-reported past behaviour (pre mean score 5.38; post mean score 7.11; p = 0.002) and subjective norms scores (pre mean score 3.62; post mean score 4.18; p = 0.016) for bowel assessment; and behaviour intention (pre mean score 5.22; post mean score 5.65; p = 0.048) for administration of enema. CONCLUSION: This evaluation, informed by the theory of planned behaviour, has provided useful insights into factors that influence clinician intentions to perform evidence-based bowel management practices in intensive care. Addressing factors such as knowledge, attitudes and beliefs can assist in targeting implementation strategies to positively affect clinician behaviour change. Despite an increase in clinicians’ knowledge scores, our implementation strategy did not, however, significantly change clinician behaviour intentions for all three bowel management practices. Further research is required to explore the influence of opinion leaders and organizational culture on clinicians’ behaviour intentions related to bowel management for intensive care patients. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12912-015-0056-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users