Exploring Critical Perspectives of Toxic and Bad Leadership Through Film

© 2015, © The Author(s) 2015. The Problem This article considers concepts of toxic and bad leadership from a critical, post-structuralist perspective and illustrates how this can be conveyed to management students through the use of film analysis. In response to the paucity of critical approaches within toxic and bad leadership studies, we suggest that film is a useful way of developing in-depth discussion in student and management groups to uncover underlying subtleties and complexity in leadership theory and practice. The Solution We connect to film clips from Batman: The Dark Knight, and explain how this film is used with students and managers to illustrate the ambiguous nature of “good” and “bad” leadership and explore the fluid, shifting, and relational nature of these two concepts. We conclude that students and managers can recognize this more readily through viewing, discussing, and analyzing film clips such as the ones discussed herein. The Stakeholders University lecturers and students, executive educators and managers, general human resource development (HRD) professional

Retrospective and Observational Analysis of Missing and Delayed Medications at a Large Community Teaching Hospital

Medication errors are a national concern that can compromise patient care and increase health-care costs. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) defines omission errors as the failure to administer an ordered dose to a patient before the next scheduled dose. Wrong time errors are defined as the administration of medication outside a predefined time interval from its scheduled administration time. These errors can result in serious harm or even death. Pharmacists play a significant role in preventing medication errors. Pertaining to omission errors and wrong time errors, ASHP recommends that pharmacists ensure medications are delivered to the patient-care area in a timely fashion after the receipt of orders. In addition, pharmacists should review medications that are returned to the department to reveal system breakdowns. Because nurses are directly involved in patient-care activities including the administration of medications, they also play a large role in the prevention of medication errors. In order to prevent missing or delayed medications, communication is essential between nursing and pharmacy. Missing and delayed medications have been identified as a growing concern among providers and nurses at Carilion Roanoke Memorial Hospital, which warranted a closer investigation of the entire medication delivery process. Although missing and delayed medication doses are a common type of medication error, it is often difficult to determine the cause of these errors. Doses are often sent again without trying to locate the original dose in order to prevent delays. The purpose of this study was to determine underlying causes for missing medications hospital-wide through prospective analysis, as well as identify reasons for medication delays specific to the pediatric population through retrospective analysis.Doctor of Pharmac

Incentive Structures in the Classroom and Teacher Accommodations for Gender

To motivate students and to assist classes in being focused learning environments, teachers employ a variety of incentives in the classroom—both positive and negative. This research investigates the intersection of gender and incentives looking at perspectives of both the gender of the student and the gender of the teacher. Thirteen elementary school teachers (seven women and six men) participated in in-depth interviews about their use of incentives in the classroom. Boys received the least positive incentives and the most negative incentives in all classrooms, but boys received more positive incentives and fewer negative incentives in men’s classrooms than in women’s. Female teachers tended to view children in a gender-blind way treating all students with equal expectations regardless of gender. Male teachers tended to look at their classroom as gendered and held different expectations for boys than they did for girls. Male teachers also reported that they focused on having a fun classroom with edutainment-style lessons and greater in-classroom flexibility as compared to female teachers. Male teachers also had higher levels of concern about maintaining a good student-teacher relationship

Primes, Primitives, and Pythagoras

The authors explore the connections between prime factorizations and primitive Pythagorean triples, investigating special cases of primitive triangles in order to predict when hypotenuse lengths produce more than one distinct triangle. The authors discuss the usefulness of the method in secondary school classrooms

Participation in sports, arts and racing and its relationship to message literacy and health behaviours

The purpose of this study was to assess health message awareness and health behaviours by participation/non participation in sport, arts and racing (SAR) in Western Australia. In this study a \u27participant\u27 was defined as someone who was (1) a member of a SAR organisation, group or club; and/or (2) having attended a SAR event as a spectator or audience member in the last 12 months. A \u27non participant\u27 was someone who did not participate in any SAR events as a member and/or spectator and/or audience member in the last 12 months

Research Needs for Effective Transition in Lifelong Care of Congenital Genitourinary Conditions: A Workshop Sponsored by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

Over the last 5 decades, health-care advances have yielded quantum improvements in the life expectancy of individuals with congenital genitourinary conditions (CGCs), leading to a crisis of care. Many individuals with CGC enter adulthood unprepared to manage their condition. Pediatric CGC specialists lack training to manage adulthood-related health-care issues, whereas adult genitourinary specialists lack training within the context of CGCs. To address these challenges, the National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases convened individuals with CGCs and experts from a variety of fields to identify research needs to improve transitional urology care. This paper outlines identified research needs

Variation in human herpesvirus 6B telomeric integration, excision and transmission between tissues and individuals

Human herpesviruses 6A and 6B (HHV-6A/6B) are ubiquitous pathogens that persist lifelong in latent form and can cause severe conditions upon reactivation. They are spread by community-acquired infection of free virus (acqHHV6A/6B) and by germline transmission of inherited chromosomally-integrated HHV-6A/6B (iciHHV-6A/6B) in telomeres. We exploited a hypervariable region of the HHV-6B genome to investigate the relationship between acquired and inherited virus and revealed predominantly maternal transmission of acqHHV-6B in families. Remarkably, we demonstrate that some copies of acqHHV-6B in saliva from healthy adults gained a telomere, indicative of integration and latency, and that the frequency of viral genome excision from telomeres in iciHHV-6B carriers is surprisingly high and varies between tissues. In addition, newly formed short telomeres generated by partial viral genome release are frequently lengthened, particularly in telomerase-expressing pluripotent cells. Consequently, iciHHV-6B carriers are mosaic for different iciHHV-6B structures, including circular extra-chromosomal forms that have the potential to reactivate. Finally, we show transmission of an HHV-6B strain from an iciHHV-6B mother to her non-iciHHV-6B son. Altogether we demonstrate that iciHHV-6B can readily transition between telomere-integrated and free virus forms

Are honey bees a suitable model for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders?

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) are a continuum of disorders caused by prenatal exposure to ethanol. They affect an estimated 4% of Canadians. FASDs are associated with a host of complications including, but not limited to, cognitive difficulties, developmental delay, increased mortality, smaller birth weight, smaller brain size, as well as gross and fine motor issues. It has been previously established that fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) are a suitable invertebrate model for FASDs. Honey bees (Apis mellifera) share many similarities to Drosophila as a research model, but with the distinct advantage of highly social behaviour, similar to that of humans. In this project we exposed honey bees to incremental, sublethal concentrations of ethanol during larval development and monitored their survival, developmental rate, and weight at adult emergence. We found that larval honey bees exposed to ≥6% ethanol experienced significantly higher mortality, developmental delay, and lower body weight at emergence. Accordingly, these results, in combination with ongoing neurobehavioural analyses of adult bees exposed to ethanol as larvae, suggest that honey bees may be an ideal model for human FASDs

Does hive strength predispose honey bees to European foulbrood disease?

BC Blueberries, Project Apis m., Boehringer Ingelheim, Mitacs, Costco Wholesale, Saskatchewan Agriculture Development Fund, Agriculture Funding Consortium, Saskatchewan Beekeepers Development CommissionEuropean Foulbrood (EFB) is a bacterial disease of young honey bee larvae, caused by Melissococcus plutonius infection of the larval midgut. It occurs in times of nutritional stress when insufficient food is supplied to the larvae by the nursing bee population. EFB increases larval mortality, thereby limiting the colony’s growth, which can have consequences on the hive’s pollination services, honey production, and ability to reproduce. Recently, increased incidence of EFB has been observed across North America; however, the underlaying factors predisposing colonies to EFB remain largely unknown

Loss of Function of TET2 Cooperates with Constitutively Active KIT in Murine and Human Models of Mastocytosis

Systemic Mastocytosis (SM) is a clonal disease characterized by abnormal accumulation of mast cells in multiple organs. Clinical presentations of the disease vary widely from indolent to aggressive forms, and to the exceedingly rare mast cell leukemia. Current treatment of aggressive SM and mast cell leukemia is unsatisfactory. An imatinib-resistant activating mutation of the receptor tyrosine kinase KIT (KIT D816V) is most frequently present in transformed mast cells and is associated with all clinical forms of the disease. Thus the etiology of the variable clinical aggressiveness of abnormal mast cells in SM is unclear. TET2 appears to be mutated in primary human samples in aggressive types of SM, suggesting a possible role in disease modification. In this report, we demonstrate the cooperation between KIT D816V and loss of function of TET2 in mast cell transformation and demonstrate a more aggressive phenotype in a murine model of SM when both mutations are present in progenitor cells. We exploit these findings to validate a combination treatment strategy targeting the epigenetic deregulation caused by loss of TET2 and the constitutively active KIT receptor for the treatment of patients with aggressive SM