Alpenloopings in Heimatklänge : Jodeln als Globalisierungsbewegung zwischen Tradition und Experiment

The subject of my contribution is the functioning and effect of yodeling as an experimental form of vocals and singing as presented in Stefan Schwieterts documentary Heimatklänge [Sounds of home] (CH/D 2007); a recursive figure that co-constitutes what is identified as home and forges a sense of identity. Yodeling enables two home »loops« of a special kind: first, the recursive calling-singing in the Swiss Alps, which returns to inside the body as a result of a specific geographic location and its echo, and second, a worldwide sounds network, which through the art of the three Swiss vocal artists Erika Stucky, Noldi Alder, and Christian Zehnder, forms an acoustic bridge from Switzerland via Mongolia to the USA. The essay follows the associative structure of the ilm, which describes a circular movement that seeks to locate the concept of home while alternating in sounds and images between region and global, own and alien, traditional and experimental. With its description of the hypothesis of the origin of yodeling the study begins with a musicological perspective; next, it present an in-depth film analysis of Heimatklänges presentation of yodeling; finally, it formulates a globalization hypothesis in the context of culture studies, which in conjunction with the film endeavours to rethink the relationship between mountain landscape and people

Journal of otology

This study examined whether CX3CR1 deficiency altered monocytic cell replenishment dynamics in ocular tissues in the context of radiation chimeras. Long-term effects of irradiation and effects of sublethal irradiation on ocular macrophages were also assessed. Bone marrow from BALB/c Cx 3 cr1 (+/gfp) or Cx 3 cr1 (gfp/gfp) mice was used to reconstitute full body irradiated WT mice and donor cell densities in the uveal tract were compared at 4 and 8 weeks post-transplantation. BALB/c and C57BL/6J chimeric mice were examined at 6 months of age to determine strain-related differences in microglial replenishment and radiation sensitivity. A separate cohort of mice were sublethally irradiated (5.5 Gy) and retinal tissue assessed 8 and 12 weeks later. CX3CR1 deficiency altered the early replenishment of monocytes in the posterior iris but not in the iris stroma, choroid or retina. In six month old chimeric mice, there were significantly higher GFP(+) cell densities in the uveal tract when compared to non-irradiated 8-12 week old Cx 3 cr1 (+/gfp) mice. Additionally, MHC Class II expression was upregulated on hyalocytes and GFP(+) cells in the peripheral retina and the repopulation of microglia appeared to be more rapid in C57BL/6J mice compared to BALB/c mice. Transient expression of MHC Class II was observed on retinal vasculature in sublethally irradiated mice. These data indicate CX3CR1-deficiency only slightly alters monocyte-derived cell replenishment in the murine uveal tract. Lethal irradiation leads to long-term increase in monocytic cell density in the uveal tract and retinal microglial activation, possibly as a sequelae to local irradiation induced injury. Microglial replenishment in this model appears to be strain dependent

PG: The monocyte chemokine receptor CX3CR1 does not play a significant role in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2010

PURPOSE. To examine the role of the monocyte chemokine receptor CX 3 CR1 in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU). METHODS. EAU was induced in naive WT, Cx 3 cr1 gfp/ϩ , and Cx 3 cr1 gfp/gfp C57Bl/6 mice or chimeric mice. Ocular disease severity was graded by histologic analysis of resin sections. In addition, immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy were performed on retinal whole mounts to characterize the monocytic infiltrate and changes in retinal microglia. To determine the relative roles of resident and blood-borne monocytederived cells in the active phase of uveoretinitis, EAU was induced 4 weeks after transplantation in chimeric mice (Cx 3 cr1 gfp/gfp 3 WT and Cx 3 cr1 gfp/ϩ 3 WT), and analysis was performed at days 14, 16, 21, and 28 after immunization. RESULTS. After EAU induction, disease scores were not significantly different in WT, Cx 3 cr1 gfp/ϩ , and Cx 3 cr1 gfp/gfp mice. Chimeric studies revealed both donor-and host-derived monocyte-derived cells in the inner retinal layers during early EAU; however, it was donor monocytic cells that infiltrated the photoreceptors, the site of the target antigen. The absence of CX 3 CR1 did not impede the ability of monocyte-derived cells from Cx 3 cr1 gfp/gfp donor mice to infiltrate during the peak of EAU. CONCLUSIONS. The lack of CX 3 CR1 on monocyte-derived cells does not significantly influence the onset or severity of EAU. In addition, chimeric studies revealed that it is primarily bloodderived monocytes that mediate photoreceptor damage in the effector phase of EAU, and this process is not CX 3 CR1 dependent. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci

Band-like opacity in the corneas of abattoir-acquired pig eyes

Delayed presentation of retained intraocular foreign body is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the ophthalmologist. Herein a case of a man presenting 25 five years after initial injury with a retained metallic foreign body adjacent to the optic disc is described

CX₃CR1 deficiency alters the replenishment rate of monocyte-derived cells in the uveal tract of BALB/c mice.

<p>The density of GFP⁺ donor cells in the iris stroma (A), iris posterior surface (B) and choroid (C) in <i>Cx</i>_<i>3</i><i>cr1</i>^<i>+/gfp</i> → WT and <i>Cx</i>_<i>3</i><i>cr1</i>^{<i>gfp/gfp</i>} → WT chimeric mice at 4 weeks and 8 weeks post BM transfer. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc test. ** P &lt; 0.01. n= 4 mice per group.</p

CX₃CR1 deficiency does not influence the replenishment of retinal microglia or vitreal hyalocytes in BALB/c mice.

<div><p>At 4 weeks post BM transfer, donor GFP⁺ cells were present in small numbers surrounding the optic disc (OD) at the level of the NFL (A), inner plexiform layer (not shown) and OPL (C) of both <i>Cx</i>_<i>3</i><i>cr1</i>^+<i>/gfp</i> → WT and <i>Cx</i>_<i>3</i><i>cr1</i>^gfp/gfp → WT chimeric mice. At week 8, the proportion of GFP⁺ cells appeared to be similar in <i>Cx</i>_<i>3</i><i>cr1</i>^+<i>/gfp</i> → WT (B, D; left) and <i>Cx</i>_<i>3</i><i>cr1</i>^gfp/gfp → WT chimeric mice (B, D; right). The cell density of donor GFP⁺ vitreal hyalocytes in <i>Cx</i>_<i>3</i><i>cr1</i>^+<i>/gfp</i> → WT and <i>Cx</i>_<i>3</i><i>cr1</i>^gfp/gfp → WT chimeric mice was similar at 8 weeks post BM transfer (E; <i>P</i> = 0.12). Examples of hyalocytes indicated by white arrows (F). n= 4 mice per group.</p> <p>NFL, nerve fiber layer; OPL, outer plexiform layer.</p></div

Long-term effects of lethal irradiation and BM transplantation on normal monocyte-derived cell density and phenotype in ocular tissues.

<p>Donor GFP⁺ cell densities in the iris and choroid of <i>Cx</i>_<i>3</i><i>cr1</i>^<i>+/gfp</i> → WT BALB/c chimeric mice 6 months after BM reconstitution (A). There were significantly higher numbers of GFP⁺ cells in all uveal tract tissues of 6 month old chimeric mice (<i>Cx</i>_<i>3</i><i>cr1</i>^<i>+/gfp</i> → WT) compared to 8 week old (8wks) and 36 week old (36 wks) non-irradiated naïve <i>Cx</i>_<i>3</i><i>cr1</i>^<i>+/gfp</i> mice (A). * P &lt; 0.05, *** P &lt; 0.0005. Confocal microscopic images of retinal whole mounts from 6 month old BALB/c (B–D, H–J) and C57BL/6J (E–G, K–M) <i>Cx</i>_<i>3</i><i>cr1</i>^<i>+/gfp</i> → WT chimeric mice. Donor GFP⁺ cells migrating into the BALB/c retina from the optic disc region (B; OD) and at the retinal periphery (C; broken white line indicates border between peripheral retina and ciliary body). Host derived GFP^- CD11b⁺ microglia were present throughout the OPL of the retinal parenchyma (D). GFP⁺ cells replenishing retinal tissue of C57BL/6J chimeric mice at the optic disc region (E) and periphery (F; broken white line indicates border between peripheral retina and ciliary body). Donor-derived GFP⁺ microglia in the OPL of C57BL/6J chimeric mice (G). Perivascular GFP⁺ cells at the optic disc region expressed MHC Class II in BALB/c (H; red) and C57BL/6J (K; red) chimeric mice. A population of GFP⁺ cells entering the retina at the periphery were MHC Class II⁺ in BALB/c (I; red) and C57BL/6J (L; red) chimeric mice. I, L; arrows point towards ciliary body at the retinal periphery. A subpopulation of GFP⁺ vitreal hyalocytes were MHC Class II⁺ in BALB/c (J) and C57BL/6J (M) chimeric mice. n= 6 mice per group. CB, ciliary body; OPL, outer plexiform layer.</p

Incidence of occupational contact dermatitis in health care workers: A systematic review

Healthcare workers (HCWs) can be considered at an increased risk of developing occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) due to repetitive hand washing with soaps and disinfectants and extended use of gloves for many hours during the day. The aim of this study was to summarize the incidence of OCD in HCWs. We searched the databases PubMed/Medline (1980-present), EMBASE (1980-present) and Cochrane Library (1992-present) through May 2020 using the search term "incidence of contact dermatitis in healthcare workers" according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Overall, 16 studies (six cohort; 10 register-based) with follow-up periods between 1987-2013 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The incidence of OCD reported in studies using registers of occupational diseases ranged from 0.6 to 6.7 per 10,000 person-years. The cohort studies reported incidence from 15.9 to 780.0 per 10,000 person-years; the incidence was higher in studies which included apprentice nurses. A higher incidence was also observed amongst dental practitioners, particularly dental technicians and nurses, compared to other HCWs. Studies reporting incidence data are very scarce and results differed by study design, type of contact dermatitis, and investigated HCWs. Our study highlighted the dearth of high-quality data on the incidence of OCD and the possible underestimation of disease burden. Prospective cohort studies with harmonized designs, especially exposure assessment and outcome ascertainment, are required to provide more accurate, valid, and recent estimates of the incidence of OCD. A high incidence amongst specific occupational groups suggests the need to undertake intervention studies with a focus on prevention, particularly during pandemics such as COVID-19