Insect Resistance Management for Bt Corn : An Assessment of Community Refuge Schemes

Because of Bt corn's efficacy in controlling European corn borer, farmers are required to implement an insect resistance management (IRM) program that constrains each farmer to plant no more than 80% of the farm s corn to Bt varieties. This refuge must be planted within a half-mile of Bt corn and must be contained on the same farm. Community refuge schemes, those which allow the refuge area to be planted on a neighboring farm, have been proposed. In this analysis, we estimate the potential gains to all farms in the community in two representative locations: Pennsylvania and Iowa. The results of a decision analysis model show that the potential gains are very small; the greatest is only $652 over a 2000-acre community ($0.33 per acre). This gain would almost certainly be offset by the costs of developing such a community.Includes bibliographical reference

THE DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF AN AFFECT ADJECTIVE CHECK LIST FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF ANXIETY IN CHILDREN.

Dept. of Psychology. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis1976 .P75. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 37-12, Section: B, page: 6344. Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1976

DOUBLETIME Plays a Noncatalytic Role To Mediate CLOCK Phosphorylation and Repress CLOCK-Dependent Transcription within the Drosophila Circadian Clock

Circadian clocks keep time via gene expression feedback loops that are controlled by time-of-day-specific changes in the synthesis, activity, and degradation of transcription factors. Within the Drosophila melanogaster circadian clock, DOUBLETIME (DBT) kinase is necessary for the phosphorylation of PERIOD (PER), a transcriptional repressor, and CLOCK (CLK), a transcriptional activator, as CLK-dependent transcription is being repressed. PER- and DBT-containing protein complexes feed back to repress CLK-dependent transcription, but how DBT promotes PER and CLK phosphorylation and how PER and CLK phosphorylation contributes to transcriptional repression have not been defined. Here, we show that DBT catalytic activity is not required for CLK phosphorylation or transcriptional repression and that PER phosphorylation is dispensable for repressing CLK-dependent transcription. These results support a model in which DBT plays a novel noncatalytic role in recruiting additional kinases that phosphorylate CLK, thereby repressing transcription. A similar mechanism likely operates in mammals, given the conserved activities of PER, DBT, and CLK orthologs

Multiparallel Three-Dimensional Optical Microscopy

Multiparallel three-dimensional optical microscopy is a method of forming an approximate three-dimensional image of a microscope sample as a collection of images from different depths through the sample. The imaging apparatus includes a single microscope plus an assembly of beam splitters and mirrors that divide the output of the microscope into multiple channels. An imaging array of photodetectors in each channel is located at a different distance along the optical path from the microscope, corresponding to a focal plane at a different depth within the sample. The optical path leading to each photodetector array also includes lenses to compensate for the variation of magnification with distance so that the images ultimately formed on all the photodetector arrays are of the same magnification. The use of optical components common to multiple channels in a simple geometry makes it possible to obtain high light-transmission efficiency with an optically and mechanically simple assembly. In addition, because images can be read out simultaneously from all the photodetector arrays, the apparatus can support three-dimensional imaging at a high scanning rate

South Carolina's fourth forest

Forests have always played a significant role in the life of South Carolinians. The many benefits that flow from the wooded acres that make up the predominant land cover of our beautiful state accrue to all our citizens, both rural and urban. Many who benefit take the enhanced quality and enjoyment of life for granted. However, those of us entrusted with the protection and development of the forest resources must not only redeem these responsibilities, but must also bring to the forefront and attention of each person the values of these benefits. The publication of South Carolina's FOURTH FOREST report is part of that effort. The report is the culmination of many people's work and careful thought. Much of the report concerns itself with projections based on the best estimates of what will occur. The reality of the future can be very different from the "word pictures" printed in these pages. The result could be more disappointing, but hopefully the Fourth Forest will be more beneficial for our succeeding generations

Evaluation of Progesterone Agent Utilization and Birth Outcomes in a State Medicaid Plan

An analysis of medication adherence and birth outcomes among members receiving progesterone for the prevention of preterm birth in a state Medicaid program. Data is also used to evaluate the association between member characteristics and medication adherence and birth outcomes as well as whether there was a change in the cost of care

Black Hole Data via a Kerr-Schild Approach

We present a new approach for setting initial Cauchy data for multiple black hole spacetimes. The method is based upon adopting an initially Kerr-Schild form of the metric. In the case of non-spinning holes, the constraint equations take a simple hierarchical form which is amenable to direct numerical integration. The feasibility of this approach is demonstrated by solving analytically the problem of initial data in a perturbed Schwarzschild geometry.Comment: 13 pages, RevTeX forma

Hairy Black Holes in String Theory

Solutions of bosonic string theory are constructed which correspond to four-dimensional black holes with axionic quantum hair. The basic building blocks are the renormalization group flows of the CP1 model with a theta term and the SU(1,1)/U(1) WZW coset conformal field theory. However the solutions are also found to have negative energy excitations, and are accordingly expected to decay to the vacuum.Comment: 14 pages (References added