Leukotriene receptor expression in esophageal squamous cell cancer and non-transformed esophageal epithelium: a matched case control study

Study questionnaire. (DOC 21 kb

The influence of gastric atrophy on Helicobacter pylori antibiotics resistance in therapy-naïve patients

Background: Antibiotic susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to antibiotics may vary among different niches of the stomach. The progression of chronic H. pylori gastritis to atrophy changes intragastric physiology that may influence selection of resistant strains. Aim: To study the antibiotic resistance of H. pylori taking the severity of atrophic gastritis in antrum and corpus into account. Methods: Helicobacter pylori-positive patients (n = 110, m = 32, mean age 52.6 ± 13.9 years) without prior H. pylori eradication undergoing upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy for dyspeptic symptoms were included in a prospective study. Patients were stratified into three groups depending on the grade of atrophy: no atrophy (OLGA Stage 0), mild atrophy (OLGA Stage I–II) and moderate/severe atrophy (OLGA Stage III–IV). Two biopsies each from the antrum and the corpus and one from the angulus were taken and assessed according to the updated Sydney system. H. pylori strains were isolated from antrum and corpus biopsies and tested for antibiotic susceptibility (AST) for amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, levofloxacin, tetracycline, and rifampicin by the agar dilution methods. A Chi-square test of independence with a 95% confidence interval was used to detect differences in the proportion of patients with susceptible and resistant H. pylori strains. Results: Among 110 patients, primary clarithromycin resistance (R) was 30.0%, both in the antrum and corpus; metronidazole resistance accounted for 36.4 and 34.5% in the antrum and corpus; and levofloxacin was 19.1 and 22.7% in the antrum and corpus, respectively. Resistance rates to amoxicillin, tetracycline, and rifampicin were below 5%. Dual antibiotic resistance rate was 21.8%, and triple resistance rate was 9.1%. There was a significant difference in the resistance rate distribution in antrum (p < 0.0001) and corpus (p < 0.0001). With increasing severity of atrophy according to OLGA stages, there was a significant increase in clarithromycin-R and metronidazole-R. Conclusion: In treatment-naïve patients, antibiotic resistance and heteroresistance were related to the severity of atrophy. The high clarithromycin resistance in atrophic gastritis suggests that H. pylori antibiotic susceptibility testing should always be performed in this condition before selecting the eradication regimen

Tratamiento de efluentes acuosos contaminados con compuestos organoclorados

[ES] Los compuestos organoclorados son un tipo de residuos que han adquirido especial relevancia en los últimos tiempos, debido a sus características tóxicas y peligrosas, tanto para el medio ambiente como para los seres humanos. Su especial peligrosidad ha potenciado la búsqueda de alternativas para su tratamiento en las distintas corrientes donde se presentan. En este artículo se describe la problemática real de este tipo de compuestos, se exponen los principales contaminantes y se muestra una visión general de las alternativas para la eliminación de estos organoclorados de corrientes acuosas, detallándose en profundidad una de las alternativas de eliminación consideradas: la hidrodecloración catalítica en fase acuosa.Padilla Vivas, B.; Díez Sanz, FV.; Ordóñez García, S. (2005). Tratamiento de efluentes acuosos contaminados con compuestos organoclorados. Ingeniería del agua. 12(4):361-375. https://doi.org/10.4995/ia.2005.2571OJS361375124Alejandre A., Medina F., Rodríguez X., Salagre P., Cesteros Y., Sueiras J. E. (2000). Cu/Ni/Al layered double hydroxides as precursors of catalysts for the wet air oxidation of phenol aqueous solutions. Appl. Catal. B. 30:195-207Ali M., Sreekrishnan T. R. (2001). Aquatic toxicity from pulp and paper mill effluents: a reviewAdvances in Environmental Research. 5:175-196Aramendia M. A., Boráu V., García I. M., Jiménez C., Marinas A., Marinas J. M., Urbano F. J. (2002). Liquid-phase hydrodehalogenation of substituted chlorobenzenes over palladium supported catalysts. Appl. Catal. B.43:71-79Araujo J. (1993). Naturaleza y Ecología en España. La Muerte Silenciosa. Ed. Círculo de LectoresATSDR. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (2002). ToxFAQs™. EEUU.Brauer H. (1985). Biotechnology Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering. Volumen 2.Buitrón G., González A., López-Martín L. M. (1998). Biodegradation of phenolic compounds by an acclimated activated sludge and isolated bacteria. Water Science and Technology. 37:371-378Cuevas M. A. (1998). Jornadas sobre la contaminación de las aguas subterráneas: un problema pendiente. Valencia.Cybulski, Trawczynski J. (2004). Catalytic wet air oxidation of phenol over platinum and ruthenium catalysts. Appl. Catal. B. 47:1-13Debellefontaine H., Foussard J. (1999). Wet air oxidation for the treatment of industrial wastes. Chemical aspects, reactor design and industrial applications in Europe. Waste management. 20:15Energy Research Group (2003). Centre for Ecological Sciences, Bangalore, India.EPA (1998). The inventory sources of chlorinated pollutants in the United States (EPA/600/P-98/002Aa).EPA (1999). Integrated Risk Information System on 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene.EPA (2003). Ground water primer, EPA region 5 and Agricultural & Biological Engineering. Purdue UniversityEuro Chlor (2002). Chloroform in the environment; Marine Risk Assessments (www.eurochlor.org)Felis V., Bellefon C., Fouilloux P., Schweich D. (1998). Hydrodechlorination and hydrodearomatisation of monoaromatic chlorophenols into cyclohexanol on Ru/C catalysts applied to water depollution: influence of basic solvent and kinetics of the reactions. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 20:91-100Fernández J., Maruthamuthu P., Kiwi J. (2004). Photobleaching and mineralization of Orange II by oxone and metal-ions involving Fenton-like chemistry under visible light. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry. 161:185-192Fortuny A., Bengoa C., Font J., Castells F., Fabregat A. (1999). Water pollution abatement by catalytic wet air oxidation in a trickle bed reactor. Catalysis Today. 53:107-114Fritsch D., Kuhr K., Mackenzie K., Kopinke F. (2003). Hydrodechlorination of chloroorganics compounds in groundwater by Pd catalysts. Part 1. Development of polymer-based catalysts and membrane reactor tests. Catalysis Today. 82:105-118García Ara L. J. (2002). Actuaciones para la minimización del impacto del vertido de sustancias peligrosas en la industria química. (www.eic.es)Glaze W., Kenneke J., Ferry J. (1993). Chlorinated by-products from the TiO2-mediated photodegradation of trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene in water. Environ. Sci. Technol. 27:177-184Heinrichts B., Schoebrechts J. P., Pirard J. P. (2001). Palladium-silver sol-gel catalysts for selective hydrodechlorination of 1,2-dichloroethane into ethylene. Part III. Kinetics and reaction mechanism. Part IV. Deactivation mechanism and regeneration. Journal of Catalysis. 200:309-320Hoke J. B., Gramiccioni G. A., Balko E. N. (1992). Catalytic hydrodechlorination of chlorophenols. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 1:285-296Janssen D. B., Oppentocht J. E., Poelarends G. J. (2001). Microbial dehalogenation. Environmental Biotechnology. 12:254-258Jechorek M., Wendlandt K. D., Beck M. (2003). Cometabolic degradation of chlorinated aromatic compounds. Journal of Biotechnology. 102:93-98Kargi F., Eker S. (2004, in press, corrected proof). Removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol and toxicity from synthetic wastewater in a rotating perforated tube biofilm reactor. Process BiochemistryKim Y. H., Carraway E. R. (2000). Dechlorination of pentachlorophenol by zero valent iron and modified zero valent irons. Environ. Sci. Tec. 34:2014-2017Kopinke F., Mackenzie K., Köhler R. (2002). Catalytic hydrodechlorination of groundwater contaminants in water and in the gas phase using Pd/Al2O3. Appl. Catal B: Environ. 1349:1-10Kovenklioglu S., Cao Z., Farrauto R. J., Balko E. N. (1992). Direct catalytic hydrodechlorination of toxic organics in wastewater. AIChE J. 38:1003-1012Lin S. S., Chen C. L., Chang D. J., Chen C. & C. (2001). Catalytic wet air oxidation of phenol by various CeO2catalysts. Water research. 36:3009-3014Lomnicki S., Lichtenberger J., Xu Z., Waters M., Kosman J., Amiridis M. D. (2003). Catalytic oxidation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol over vanadia/titania-based catalysts. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 46:105-119López E., Ordóñez S., Díez F. V. (2003). Inhibition effects of organosulphur compounds on the hydrodechlorination of tetrachloroethylene. Catalysis Today. 84:121-127Lowry G. V., Reinhard M. (1999). Hydrodehalogenation of 1- to 3- carbon halogenated organic compounds in water using a palladium catalyst and hydrogen gas. Environ. Sci. Technology.33:1905-1910Lowry G. V., Reinhard M. (2000). Pd-catalyzed TCE dechlorination in groundwater: solute effects, biological control and oxidative catalyst regeneration. Environ. Sci. Technology. 34:3217-3223Malato S., Blanco J., Vidal A., Richter C. (2002). Photocatalysis with solar energy at a pilot-plant scale: an overview. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 37:1-15Matatov-Meytal Y. I., Sheintuch M. (1998). Catalytic abatement of water pollutants. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 37:309-326Matatov-Meytal Y. I., Sheintuch M. (2000). Catalytic regeneration of chloroorganics-saturated activated carbon using hydrodechlorination. Ind. Eng. Chem.Res. 39:18-23Matatov-Meytal Y. I., Sheintuch M. (2002). Hydrotreating processes for catalytic abatement of water pollutants. Catalysis Today. 75:63-67Matheson L. J., Tratnyek P. G. (1994). Reductive dehalogenation of chlorinated methanes by iron metal. Environ. Sci. Technology. 28:2045-2053McNab W. W., Ruiz R., Reinhard M. (2000). In-situ destruction of chlorinated hydrocarbons in groundwater using catalytic reductive dehalogenation in a reactive well: testing and operational experiences. Environ. Sci. Technol. 34:149-153Ministerio de Medio Ambiente (2001). Medio Ambiente en España 2000. Ed. Direc. Gral. de Medio Ambiente.Muftikian R., Fernando Q., Korte N. (1995). A method for the rapid dechlorination of low molecular weight chlorinated hydrocarbons in water. Water Research. 29:2434-2439Ordóñez S., Díez F. V., Sastre H. (2003). Hydrodechlorination of tetrachloroethylene over Pd catalysts: influence of process conditions on catalyst performance and stability. Appl. Catal. B. 40:119-130Peres, J. A., Beltrán de Heredia J. (2004). Integrated Fenton's reagent coagulation/flocculation process for the treatment of cork processing wastewaters. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 107:115-121Perrone L., Prati L., Rossi M. (1997). Removal of chlorinated organic compounds from water by catalytic dehydrohalogenation. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 15:241-246Portela J. R., Bernal J. L., Sanz E. N., Martínez de la Ossa E. (1997). Kinetics of wet air oxidation of phenol. Chem. Eng. J. 67:115-121Rivas F. J., Kolaczkowski S. T., Beltrán F. J., McLurgh D. (1998). Development of a model for the wet air oxidation of phenol based on a free radical mechanism. Chemical Engineering Science. 53:2575-2586Schmidt L. M., Delfino J. J., Preston J. F., St. Laurent G. (1999). Biodegradation of low aqueous concentration pentachlorophenol (PCP) contaminated groundwater. Chemosphere. 38:2897Schreier C. G., Reinhard M. (1995). Catalytic hydrodehalogenation of chlorinated ethylenes using palladium and hydrogen for the treatment of contaminated water. Chemosphere. 31:3475-3487Schüth C., Disser S., Schüth F., Reinhard M. (2000). Tailoring catalysts for hydrodechlorinating chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants in groundwater. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 28:147-152Schüth C., Reinhard M. (1998). Hydrodechlorination and hydrogenation of aromatic compounds over palladium on alumina in hydrogen-saturated water. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 18:215-221Shindler Y., Matatov-Meytal Y. I., Sheintuch M. (2001). Wet hydrodechlorination of p-chlorophenol using Pd supported on an activated carbon cloth. Ind. Eng. Chem.Res. 40:3301-3308Sweeny K. H. (1981). The reductive treatment of industrial wastewaters. AIChE Symp.Series. 77:67-78Torrades F., Pérez M., Mansilla H. D., Peral J. (2003). Experimental design of Fenton and photo-Fenton reactions for the treatment of cellulose bleaching effluents. Chemosphere. 53:1211-1220Trabuco E., Ford P.C. (1999). Hydrodechlorination of 1,2-dichloroethane by rhodium catalysts under water gas shift reaction conditions. Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical. 148:1-7Young K., Daniel J., Lewis S. (2002). Kinetic and inhibition studies for the aerobic cometabolism of 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethylene and 1,1-dichloroethane by a butane-grown mixed culture. Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 80:498-508Yuan G., Keane M.A. (2003a). Liquid phase catalytic hydrodechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol over carbon supported Pd: an evaluation of transport limitations Chemical Engineering Science. 58:257-267Yuan G., Keane M.A. (2003b). Liquid phase catalytic hydrodechlorination of chlorophenols at 273 K. Catalysis Communications. 4:195-201Yuan G., Keane M.A. (2003c). Catalyst deactivation during the liquid phase hydrodechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol over supported Pd: influence of the support. Catalysis Today. 88:27-3

Nutzung von Prozessen der Biosorption und Akkumulation zur Metallabtrennung und Rueckgewinnung aus belasteten Abwaessern mit dem Ziel der Umweltsanierung Abschlussbericht

Es wurden Grundlagenuntersuchungen zur Biosorption von umweltrelevanten Schwermetallen mit verschiedenen mikrobiellen Adsorbentien durchgefuehrt und an technischen Abwaessern Technologievorschlaege erarbeitet. Zur Verbesserung der Technologie von Biosorptionsprozessen wurden Moeglichkeiten der Steigerung der Sorptionsleistung von Biosorbentien erarbeitet und Untersuchungen zur Immobilisierung der biologischen Adsorbentien durchgefuehrt. (orig.)Fundamental investigations into the biosorption of environmentally relevant heavy metals were carried out with different microbial adsorbents, and processes were proposed for industrial effluents. In order to improve the technology of biosorption processes, attempts were made to improve the sorption efficiency of biological sorbents, and investigations were carried out on the immobilisation of biological adsorbents. (orig.)Available from TIB Hannover: D.Dt.F. QN1(7,10) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman