De l’analyse des processus à l’émergence d’un métier. L’expérience du DESS strategies de communication internationale (Dijon)

Le DESS Stratégies de Communication Internationale, de l’Université de Bourgogne, constitue, depuis 1993, un champ d’expérience et de partenariat Université-Entreprise, pour la formation d’une nouvelle génération de directeurs de la communication. Avant même leur mise en pratique, il s’agit de définir des principes et des logiques d’action qui favorisent l’émergence d’une compétence transversale en communication. Savoirs théoriques et savoirs professionnels se définissent et se conjuguent par relation, non à des procédures, mais des processus complexes qui fondent la dimension stratégique de la communication, à l’interculturel et à l’international.The DESS in International Communication Strategies, which has existed at the University of Burgundy since 1993, is constructed around a partnership between the university and local business, exploiting their respective domains of experience to develop the next generation of Communication Directors. Before proceeding to a practical training, students are familiarized with the principles and theoretical background to the subject which lead to the construction of a broader understanding and competence in communication. The theoretical and professional approaches work from the basis not of procedure, but of the complex processes underlying communications strategies, both inter-culturally and internationally

De l’analyse des processus à l’émergence d’un métier. L’expérience du DESS strategies de communication internationale (Dijon)

Le DESS Stratégies de Communication Internationale, de l’Université de Bourgogne, constitue, depuis 1993, un champ d’expérience et de partenariat Université-Entreprise, pour la formation d’une nouvelle génération de directeurs de la communication. Avant même leur mise en pratique, il s’agit de définir des principes et des logiques d’action qui favorisent l’émergence d’une compétence transversale en communication. Savoirs théoriques et savoirs professionnels se définissent et se conjuguent par relation, non à des procédures, mais des processus complexes qui fondent la dimension stratégique de la communication, à l’interculturel et à l’international.The DESS in International Communication Strategies, which has existed at the University of Burgundy since 1993, is constructed around a partnership between the university and local business, exploiting their respective domains of experience to develop the next generation of Communication Directors. Before proceeding to a practical training, students are familiarized with the principles and theoretical background to the subject which lead to the construction of a broader understanding and competence in communication. The theoretical and professional approaches work from the basis not of procedure, but of the complex processes underlying communications strategies, both inter-culturally and internationally

Vegetable oil hybrid films cross-linked at the air-water interface: formation kinetics and physical characterization

Vegetable oil based hybrid films were developed thanks to a novel solvent- and heating- free method at the air-water interface using silylated castor oil cross-linked via a sol-gel reaction. To understand the mechanism of the hybrid film formation, the reaction kinetics was studied in detail by using complementary techniques: rheology, thermogravimetric analysis, and infrared spectroscopy. The mechanical properties of the final films were investigated by nano-indentation, whereas their structure was studied using a combination of wide-angle X-ray scattering, electron diffraction, and atomic force microscopy. We found that solid and transparent films form in 24 hours and, by changing the silica precursor to castor oil ratio, their mechanical properties are tunable in the MPa-range by about a factor of twenty. In addition to that, a possible optimization of the cross-linking reaction with different catalysts was explored and finally, cytotoxicity tests were performed on fibroblasts proving the absence of film toxicity. The results of this work pave the way to a straightforward synthesis of castor-oil films with tunable mechanical properties: hybrid films cross-linked at the air-water interface combine an easy and cheap spreading protocol with the features of their thermal history optimized for possible future micro/nano drug loading, thus representing excellent candidates for the replacement of non-environment friendly petroleum-based materials

0230: Effectiveness of switching Prasugrel's ‘low responders’ to ticagrelor after acute coronary syndrome

AimsThis study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of switching from Prasugrel to Ticagrelor patients identified as Prasugrel low-responders one month after ACS.Methods and results540 patients admitted for ACS with coronary stent implantation and discharged on Prasugrel 10mg were screened. Prasugrel response was assessed one month after discharge using Platelet Reactivity Index Vasodilatator Stimulated Phosphoprotein (PRI VASP). High on-Treatment Platelet Reactivity (HTPR) was defined as VASP>50%. Patients with HTPR were enrolled and switched to Ticagrelor 90 mg twice a day. They were re-tested a month later. Primary endpoint was defined as: comparison of degree of platelet inhibition and incidence of HTPR one month after switching to Ticagrelor in patients with HTPR on Prasugrel therapy. The safety endpoint was the incidence of bleedings under Ticagrelor as compared with Prasugrel therapy, using the Bleeding Academic Research Consensus definition.Between March 2010 and November 2013, 19 patients were defined as HTPR on Prasugrel 10 mg one month after ACS, with a mean VASP of 59,3%. Among these patients, 14 were switched to Ticagrelor 180 mg daily and, at one month, we observed a significant decrease in PRI VASP, with a mean value at 19.6% (p<0.001). No patients remained HTPR and 4 patients (28.4%) were identified as Very Low on-Treatment Platelet Reactivity (VLTPR) (VASP<10%). No ischemic events were reported after switching, while 3 patients (21%) suffered from bleeding complications (2 BARC1 and 1 BARC2 bleedings) during Ticagrelor therapy.ConclusionSwitch to Ticagrelor in Prasugrel's “low responders” patients is an effective strategy, leading to an adequate platelet inhibition in a large majority of patients. This biological tailored approach could be useful in preventing ischemic complications, in this specific high risk population, potentially increasing bleeding risk. This hypothesis needs to be confirmed in large clinical studies.Abstract 0230 – Figur

Flux d'oxygène et de sels nutritifs à l'interface eau-sédiment dans le lagon sud-ouest de Nouvelle-Calédonie : enrichissements en ammonium et action d'un inhibiteur de la photosynthèse : méthodes et recueil des données

Le présent document regroupe les méthodes utilisées et les résultats obtenus lors de la mission effectuée par le N.O. ALIS dans le lagon sud-ouest de Nouvelle-Calédonie, du 9 juillet au 10 août 1990. Des enceintes d'incubation ont été mises en oeuvre pour : 1-évaluer le métabolisme aérobie et calculer les flux de sels nutritifs à l'interface eau-sédiment; 2-estimer les flux d'ammonium après enrichissement du milieu; 3-juger de l'action d'un inhibiteur de la photosynthèse, le DCMU (Dichlorophenyl-dimethylurée). La concencration en oxygène de chaque enceinte a été mesurée par une sonde polarographique (YSI 58) reliée à un oxymètre protégé dans un caisson étanche. Au total, 15 stations réparties sur les trois types de fonds reconnus dans le lagon (fonds envasés, fonds de sables gris et fonds de sables blancs) ont été échantillonnées. En premier lieu, trois incubations ont été réalisées à l'obscurité pendant deux heures sur chaque station, pour mesurer les flux d'oxygène et de sels nutritif

001 Predictive Value of Post Treatment Platelet Reactivity for Occurrence of Post-discharge Bleeding After Non ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome

AimsWe assessed prospectively the association between occurrence of post-discharge non–CABG-related TIMI major and minor bleedings and post treatment platelet reactivity in patients with Non ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome (NSTE ACS).Methods and Results597 consecutive patients admitted with NSTE ACS were prospectively included. Between hospital discharge and one month follow-up, we observed 16 (2.7%) non–CABG-related TIMI hemorrhagic complications including 5 (0.84%) major and 11 (1.8%) minor bleeds. Patients with bleeding had significantly lower post treatment values of ADP-induced aggregation (43±14% versus. 56±19%, P=0.002) and platelet reactivity index VASP (43±14% versus 54±23%; P=0.04) and a trend for lower values of arachidonic acid-induced aggregation (2.4±5.4 versus 13±21; P=0.27). After stratification by quartiles based on post treatment ADP-induced platelet aggregation, we identified patients in the first quartile as hyper-responders with very low post treatment platelet reactivity, below <40%. The risk of TIMI major and minor bleeding was significantly higher in the first quartile of hyper-responders than in the others quartiles: 10 (6.6%) versus 6 (1.4%), p=0.001.ConclusionOur results suggest that assessment of post treatment platelet reactivity might be used to detect hyper responders to antiplatelet therapy with higher risk of non-CABG related bleedings and tailor antiplatelet therapy according to both ischemic and bleeding risk

Two-dimensional gravitactic bioconvection in a protozoan (tetrahymena pyriformis) culture

Gravitactic bioconvective patterns created by Tetrahymena pyriformis in a Hele-Shaw apparatus were realized and compared with theoretical results. There were found to be two thresholds for bioconvection development: the first indicates the transition from the diffusion to the steady convection state; the second corresponds to the transition from the steady to the unsteady convection state. The results showed that the Hele-Shaw apparatus may be used as a physical analogy of porous media to study 2D bioconvection, with possible extensions to larger scale biological systems where population growth and distribution are driven by similar bio-physical interactions.TNQ thanks Prof. N. Lima (Centre for Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal) for his precious support and Prof. M. P. Sauvant Rochat (Cellular Biology Lab., Universite d'Auvergne, France) for her collaboration. We especially thank Mrs. Laviolette (Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, Canada), and Mr. Morency and Mrs. Phoenix (University of Montreal, Canada), for their kind assistance. FG acknowledges support from the James S. McDonnell Foundation through a 21st Century Science Initiative award. We thank an anonymous reviewer for his interesting comments

Gender differences in response to cold pressor test assessed with velocity-encoded cardiovascular magnetic resonance of the coronary sinus

BACKGROUND: Gender-specific differences in cardiovascular risk are well known, and current evidence supports an existing role of endothelium in these differences. The purpose of this study was to assess non invasively coronary endothelial function in male and female young volunteers by myocardial blood flow (MBF) measurement using coronary sinus (CS) flow quantification by velocity encoded cine cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) at rest and during cold pressor test (CPT). METHODS: Twenty-four healthy volunteers (12 men, 12 women) underwent CMR in a 3 Tesla MR imager. Coronary sinus flow was measured at rest and during CPT using non breath-hold velocity encoded phase contrast cine-CMR. Myocardial function and morphology were acquired using a cine steady-state free precession sequence. RESULTS: At baseline, mean MBF was 0.63 ± 0.23 mL·g⁻¹·min⁻¹ in men and 0.79 ± 0.21 mL·g⁻¹·min⁻¹ in women. During CPT, the rate pressure product in men significantly increased by 49 ± 36% (p \textless 0.0001) and in women by 52 ± 22% (p \textless 0.0001). MBF increased significantly in both men and women by 0.22 ± 0.19 mL·g⁻¹·min⁻¹ (p = 0.0022) and by 0.73 ± 0.43 mL·g⁻¹·min⁻¹ (p = 0.0001), respectively. The increase in MBF was significantly higher in women than in men (p = 0.0012). CONCLUSION: CMR coronary sinus flow quantification for measuring myocardial blood flow revealed a higher response of MBF to CPT in women than in men. This finding may reflect gender differences in endothelial-dependent vasodilatation in these young subjects. This non invasive rest/stress protocol may become helpful to study endothelial function in normal physiology and in physiopathology