568 research outputs found
Comparison of experts in the non-additive case
We adapt the model of comparisons of experts initiated by Lehrer («Comparison of experts JME 98») to a context of uncertainty which cannot be modelised by expected utility. We examine the robustness of Lehrer in this new context. Unlike expected utility, there exist several ways to define the strategies allowing to compare the experts, we propose some of them which guarantee a positive value of information.Non-additive preferences, experts
Unambiguous events and dynamic Choquet preferences.
This paper explores the relationship between dynamic consistency and existing notions of unambiguous events for Choquet expected utility preferences. A decision maker is faced with an information structure represented by a filtration. We show that the decision maker’s preferences respect dynamic consistency on a fixed filtration if and only if the last stage of the filtration is composed of unambiguous events in the sense of Nehring (Math Social Sci 38:197–213, 1999). Adopting two axioms, conditional certainty equivalence consistency and constrained dynamic consistency to filtration measurable acts, it is shown that the decision maker respects these two axioms on a fixed filtration if and only if the last stage of the filtration is made up of unambiguous events in the sense of Zhang (Econ Theory 20:159–181, 2002).Choquet expected utility; Unambiguous events; Filtration; Updating; Dynamic consistency; Consequentialism;
Some Fubini theorems on product sigma-algebras for non-additive measures
We give some Fubini's theorems (interversion of the order of integration and product capacities) in the framework of the Choquet integral for product sigma-algebras. Following Ghirardato this is performed by considering slice-comonotonic functions. Our results can be easily interpreted for belief functions, in the Dempster and Shafer setting.Choquet integral, product capacity.
Comparison of experts in the non-additive case
URL des Cahiers : https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/CAHIERS-MSECahiers de la MSE n° 2006.88 - Série bleue (CERMSEM) - ISSN 1624-0340We adapt the model of comparisons of experts initiated by Lehrer («Comparison of experts JME 98») to a context of uncertainty which cannot be modelised by expected utility. We examine the robustness of Lehrer in this new context. Unlike expected utility, there exist several ways to define the strategies allowing to compare the experts, we propose some of them which guarantee a positive value of information.Le modèle de comparaison d'experts proposés par E. Lehrer («Comparison of experts JME 98» est adapté dans un contexte d'incertain non modélisable par l'espérance d'utilité. Nous examinons ce que deviennent les résultats de Lehrer dans ce nouveau contexte. Contrairement à l'espérance d'utilité, il y a plusieurs manières de définir les stratégies qui permettent de comparer les experts, nous en proposons quelques une qui assurent une valeur positive à l'information
Bi-class classification of humpback whale sound units against complex background noise with Deep Convolution Neural Network
Automatically detecting sound units of humpback whales in complex
time-varying background noises is a current challenge for scientists. In this
paper, we explore the applicability of Convolution Neural Network (CNN) method
for this task. In the evaluation stage, we present 6 bi-class classification
experimentations of whale sound detection against different background noise
types (e.g., rain, wind). In comparison to classical FFT-based representation
like spectrograms, we showed that the use of image-based pretrained CNN
features brought higher performance to classify whale sounds and background
noise.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1702.02741 by other author
Unambiguous Events and Dynamic Choquet Preferences
This paper explores the relationship between dynamic consistency and the existing notions of unambiguous events for Choquet expected utility preferences. A decision maker is faced with an information structure represented by a filtration. We show that the decision maker's preferences respect dynamic consistency on a fixed filtration if and only if the last stage of the filtration is composed of unambiguous events in the sense of Nehring (1999). Adopting two axioms, conditional certainty equivalence consistency and constrained dynamic consistency to filtration measurable acts, it is shown that the decision maker respects these two axioms on a fixed filtration if and only if the last stage of the filtration is made up of unambiguous events the sense of Zhang (2002)
Drainage hyperlent
L’étude présentée ici est développée en liaison avec le problème du stockage profond des déchets nucléaires. En raison notamment de mécanismes de corrosion, on s’attend à la formation d’une quantité importante d’hydrogène au sein du stockage. La roche-hôte, étant resaturée par l’eau quand intervient cette production d’hydrogène, l’hydrogène est susceptible de pénétrer dans l’espace des pores en phase gaz en déplaçant l’eau présente dans les pores. Ce déplacement gaz –liquide se distingue des déplacements usuels en raison de son caractère très lent (qui est lié au taux de production très faible du gaz). On s'attend ainsi à une très faible désaturation de la roche hôte. Ceci rend le calcul de ce déplacement à partir du modèle diphasique classique basé sur les équations de Darcy généralisées difficile du fait du comportement particulier (voisinage d'un seuil de percolation) des paramètres phénoménologiques (courbe de rétention et perméabilité relative au gaz) dans la gamme des très grandes saturations. Par ailleurs, le fluide injecté étant beaucoup moins visqueux que le fluide déplacé (de l’eau), la question de la stabilité de l’écoulement se pose, l’apparition d’éventuelles digitations visqueuses pouvant remettre en cause l’utilisation du modèle biphasique classique. Cette question est étudiée dans le cadre de la théorie du drainage, cf. [1], qui indique que le déplacement est de type IPSG (percolation d’invasion dans un gradient stabilisant) et donc compatible avec le modèle diphasique classique. L'étude peut alors se focaliser sur l'étude de la courbe de rétention et des perméabilités relative
A Dynamic Ellsberg Urn Experiment
Two rationality arguments are used to justify the link between conditional and unconditional preferences in decision theory: dynamic consistency and consequentialism. Dynamic consistency requires that ex ante contingent choices are respected by updated preferences. Consequentialism states that only those outcomes which are still possible can matter for updated preferences. We test the descriptive validity of these rationality arguments with a dynamic version of Ellsberg's three color experiment and find that subjects act more often in line with consequentialism than with dynamic consistency
Neo-additive capacities and updating
This note shows that capacities satisfying the axioms consquentialism, state independence and conditional certainty equivalent consistency under updating are a generalised version of neoadditive capacities as axiomatised in Chateauneuf, Eichberger, and Grant (2007)
Port-en-Bessin-Huppain, Commes – Le Mont Castel
Cette prospection s’inscrit dans le cadre de la mise en place d’un projet collectif de recherche sur le bassin fermé de Port-en-Bessin-Huppain/Commes et fait suite aux sondages menés sur le plateau du Mont-Castel en 2010 qui avaient permis de mettre en évidence une occupation significative du plateau durant le Bronze final et La Tène finale. Cette prospection s’articulait autour de deux axes principaux. Dans un premier temps, une prospection géophysique a été mise en place autour des sondages..
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