Management of Internal Root Resorption on Permanent Teeth

Internal root resorption (IRR) is a particular category of pulp disease characterized by the loss of dentine as a result of the action of clastic cells stimulated by pulpal inflammation. This review article explains the etiology, the prevalence of IRR, and, in addition to the clinical data, the contribution of the three-dimensional imaging (CBCT) to the diagnosis, the clinical decision, and the therapeutic management of IRR. The authors discussed the various therapeutic options including the orthograde or retrograde fillings of the root canal resorption area. Root canal treatment remains the treatment of choice of internal root resorption as it removes the granulation tissue and blood supply of the clastic cells. The authors describe with different clinical cases the modern endodontic techniques including optical aids, ultrasonic improvement of chemical debridement, and the use of alternative materials such as calcium silicate combined with thermoplastic filling (warm gutta-percha). In these conditions, the prognosis of the conservative treatment of internal resorptions, even if root walls are perforated, is good

Fulfilling global marine commitments; lessons learned from Gabon

As part of the Post-2020 Biodiversity Framework, nations are assessing progress over the past decade in addressing the underlying drivers that influence direct pressures on biodiversity and formulating new policies and strategies for the decade to come. For marine conservation, global marine protected area (MPA) coverage is still falling short of the 10% target set in 2010. Here we show that while this reflects a lack of progress in many low- and middle-income countries, a few of these nations have met or exceeded international commitments. To provide an in-depth explanation of how this was achieved in Gabon, we summarize the lessons learnt by our consortium of policy makers and practitioners who helped implement a comprehensive and ecologically representative network of 20 MPAs. We show the importance of creating a national framework, building long-term stakeholder support, and focusing on research that guides implementation and policy; and outline a four-step approach that countries and donors could use as an example to help meet international commitments. By responding to calls to share lessons learned to inform future Convention on Biological Diversity targets, we show how Gabon's experiences could inform change elsewhere.Output Status: Forthcoming/Available Online Additional co-authors: Tim Collins, Philip D. Doherty, Angela Formia, Mark Gately, Micheline Schummer Gnandji, Innocent Ikoubou, Judicael Régis Kema Kema, Koumba Kombila, Pavlick Etoughe Kongo, Jean Churley Manfoumbi, Sara M. Maxwell, Georges H. Mba Asseko, Catherine M. McClellan, Gianna Minton, Samyra Orianne Ndjimbou, Guylène Nkoane Ndoutoume, Jean Noel Bibang Bi Nguema, Teddy Nkizogho, Jacob Nzegoue, Carmen Karen Kouerey Oliwina, Franck Mbeme Otsagha, Diane Savarit, Stephen K. Pikesley, Philippe du Plessis, Hugo Rainey, Lucienne Ariane Diapoma Kingbell Rockombeny, Howard C. Rosenbaum, Dan Segan, Guy-Philippe Sounguet, Emma J. Stokes, Dominic Tilley, Raul Vilela, Wynand Viljoen, Sam B. Weber, Matthew J. Witt, Brendan J. Godle

SAR Studies Leading to the Identification of a Novel Series of Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infections That Display Efficacy in an Animal Infection Model

The clinical effectiveness of carbapenem antibiotics such as meropenem is becoming increasingly compromised by the spread of both metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) and serine-β-lactamase (SBL) enzymes on mobile genetic elements, stimulating research to find new β-lactamase inhibitors to be used in conjunction with carbapenems and other β-lactam antibiotics. Herein, we describe our initial exploration of a novel chemical series of metallo-β-lactamase inhibitors, from concept to efficacy, in a survival model using an advanced tool compound (ANT431) in conjunction with meropenem

Vitalism and the Resistance to Experimentation on Life in the Eighteenth Century

There is a familiar opposition between a ‘Scientific Revolution’ ethos and practice of experimentation, including experimentation on life, and a ‘vitalist’ reaction to this outlook. The former is often allied with different forms of mechanism – if all of Nature obeys mechanical laws, including living bodies, ‘iatromechanism’ should encounter no obstructions in investigating the particularities of animal-machines – or with more chimiatric theories of life and matter, as in the ‘Oxford Physiologists’. The latter reaction also comes in different, perhaps irreducibly heterogeneous forms, ranging from metaphysical and ethical objections to the destruction of life, as in Margaret Cavendish, to more epistemological objections against the usage of instruments, the ‘anatomical’ outlook and experimentation, e.g. in Locke and Sydenham. But I will mainly focus on a third anti-interventionist argument, which I call ‘vitalist’ since it is often articulated in the writings of the so-called Montpellier Vitalists, including their medical articles for the Encyclopédie. The vitalist argument against experimentation on life is subtly different from the metaphysical, ethical and epistemological arguments, although at times it may borrow from any of them. It expresses a Hippocratic sensibility – understood as an artifact of early modernity, not as some atemporal trait of medical thought – in which Life resists the experimenter, or conversely, for the experimenter to grasp something about Life, it will have to be without torturing or radically intervening in it. I suggest that this view does not have to imply that Nature is something mysterious or sacred; nor does the vitalist have to attack experimentation on life in the name of some ‘vital force’ – which makes it less surprising to find a vivisectionist like Claude Bernard sounding so close to the vitalists

1. Gordon (A. E.). The cults of Lanuvium (University of California Publications in Classical Archaeology, II, 2). Berkeley, University of California Press, 1938

Bayet Jean. 1. Gordon (A. E.). The cults of Lanuvium (University of California Publications in Classical Archaeology, II, 2). Berkeley, University of California Press, 1938. In: Revue des Études Grecques, tome 53, fascicule 249, Janvier-mars 1940. pp. 81-82

César. Guerre des Gaules, texte établi et traduit par L.-A. Constans (Collection des Universités de France)

Bayet Jean. César. Guerre des Gaules, texte établi et traduit par L.-A. Constans (Collection des Universités de France). In: Journal des savants, Décembre 1927. pp. 465-466

Cumont (Franz). Lux perpetua

Bayet Jean. Cumont (Franz). Lux perpetua. In: Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, tome 29, fasc. 1, 1951. pp. 268-271

Idéologie et Plastique II. La sculpture funéraire de Chiusi

Bayet Jean. Idéologie et Plastique II. La sculpture funéraire de Chiusi. In: Idéologie et plastique. Rome : École Française de Rome, 1974. pp. 545-608. (Publications de l'École française de Rome, 21

L'agonie de la République romaine, deuxième et dernier article

Bayet Jean. L'agonie de la République romaine, deuxième et dernier article. In: Journal des savants, Septembre-octobre 1936. pp. 213-224

P. Boyancé. Études sur le Songe de Scipion

Bayet Jean. P. Boyancé. Études sur le Songe de Scipion. In: Journal des savants, Novembre-décembre 1937. pp. 273-275