Strategi Pembelajaran Pelafalan Bahasa Inggris Materi Front Office melalui Kartu Tematik Bagi Mahasiswa Manajemen Perhotelan Universitas Dhyana Pura

The ability to pronounce specific terms about the concept of front office is a crucial aspect which should be mastered by the students who learn about the field of hotel management. The learning process in the classroom still becomes the main key to reach the excellent achievement in speaking section. The main purpose of this research is to increase the pronunciation ability of the students, specifically for terms of front office concept, through the utilization of media for assisting the language learning process. The use of thematic cards method could be a proper choice to be applied in optimising the learning process which will increase the students' comprehension towards the lessons delivered by the lecturer. This method is scientifically proven for enhancing the students' pronunciation ability in this research, reaching the point of 68.97%. Besides pronunciation aspect, there are four other assessment aspects which have risen notably; the aspect of intonation aspect (reached the point of 67.59%), fluency (63.45%), expression (67.59%), and structure (68.28%).  The result of this research proves that the classical learning process which is supported by the application of thematic cards could raise the ability of the students to pronounce the terms significantly via the implementation of the test in two cycles

Kondisi Tutupan Karang dan Frekuensi Kemunculan Hard Coral dengan Metode LIT (Line Intercept Transect) pada Perairan Pulau Jinato Kawasan Taman Nasional Taka Bonerate, Kabupaten Kepulauan Selayar

TNTBR merupakan Taman Nasional Laut yang terletak di daerah Kabupaten Kepulauan Selayar, Sulawesi Selatan. Taman Nasional tersebut menjadi salah satu lokasi penelitian pada dunia konservasi. Salah satu lokasi strategis untuk penelitian tersebut terletak di Pulau Jinato dengan kondisi terumbu karang yang masih bagus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persentase tutupan karang hidup dan frekuensi kemunculan jenis karang keras (hard coral) di lokasi tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan di dua kedalaman yaitu kedalaman 4 meter dan kedalaman 7 meter selama 2 bulan. Metodologi yang digunakan untuk mengetahui persentase tutupan dan frekuensi kemunculan karang keras dengan Metode LIT (Line Intercept Transect). Pengamatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan tiga stasiun, tiap satu stasiun dipasang rol sepanjang 50 meter. Pemasangan transek dipasang sejajar dengan garis pantai dan mengikuti pesisir pantai, dilakukan 2 kali pengulangan dengan dua kedalaman yang berbeda. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kondisi terumbu karang pada perairan Pulau Jinato berada pada kategori karang baik dengan rata-rata persentase tutupan karang hidup 57.11%. Selanjutnya, total frekuensi kemunculan karang keras yang mendominasi yakni Acropora Branching (ACB) sebesar 42 kemunculan sedangkan yang paling rendah yakni Acropora Submassive (ACS) sebesar 2 kemunculan

Identifikasi Bentuk Pertumbuhan Karang Keras (Hard Coral) di Perairan Pulau Jinato Kawasan Taman Nasional Taka Bonerate, Kepulauan Selayar

Taman Nasional Taka Bonerate merupakan salah satu kawasan konservasi berupa Taman Nasional Laut yang ada di Indonesia. Taman Nasional tersebut memiliki luas kawasan 530.765 ha dan tersusun dari gugusan pulau kecil yang terletak di Laut Flores. Salah satu pulau yang berada pada kawasan tersebut adalah Pulau Jinato yang masih memiliki kualitas terumbu karang yang baik. Hal ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai salah satu lokasi kajian riset pada dunia konservasi. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan identifikasi bentuk pertumbuhan karang keras (hard coral) di perairan tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan di dua kedalaman yaitu kedalaman 4 meter dan kedalaman 7 meter selama 2 bulan. Pelaksanaan penelitian terdiri dari tiga tahap, yaitu observasi lapangan, pengumpulan data, serta pengolahan dan analisis data. Kegiatan pengumpulan data mencakup identifikasi bentuk pertumbuhan karang melalui studi literatur kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan 5 lifeform karang Acropora yaitu Acropora Branching, Acropora Digitate, Acropora Submassive, Acropora Encrusting, dan Acropora Tabulate. Sedangkan pada bentuk pertumbuhan karang non-Acropora ditemukan 6 lifeform karang yaitu Coral Branching, Coral Mushroom, Coral Submassive, Coral Foliose, Coral Encrusting, dan Coral Massive

Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), we produced location-specific, age-specific, and sex-specific estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden from 1990 to 2021, the proportion of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in 2021, the proportion of the type 2 diabetes burden attributable to selected risk factors, and projections of diabetes prevalence through 2050. Methods: Estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden were computed in 204 countries and territories, across 25 age groups, for males and females separately and combined; these estimates comprised lost years of healthy life, measured in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs; defined as the sum of years of life lost [YLLs] and years lived with disability [YLDs]). We used the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) approach to estimate deaths due to diabetes, incorporating 25 666 location-years of data from vital registration and verbal autopsy reports in separate total (including both type 1 and type 2 diabetes) and type-specific models. Other forms of diabetes, including gestational and monogenic diabetes, were not explicitly modelled. Total and type 1 diabetes prevalence was estimated by use of a Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, to analyse 1527 location-years of data from the scientific literature, survey microdata, and insurance claims; type 2 diabetes estimates were computed by subtracting type 1 diabetes from total estimates. Mortality and prevalence estimates, along with standard life expectancy and disability weights, were used to calculate YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs. When appropriate, we extrapolated estimates to a hypothetical population with a standardised age structure to allow comparison in populations with different age structures. We used the comparative risk assessment framework to estimate the risk-attributable type 2 diabetes burden for 16 risk factors falling under risk categories including environmental and occupational factors, tobacco use, high alcohol use, high body-mass index (BMI), dietary factors, and low physical activity. Using a regression framework, we forecast type 1 and type 2 diabetes prevalence through 2050 with Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and high BMI as predictors, respectively. Findings: In 2021, there were 529 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 500-564) people living with diabetes worldwide, and the global age-standardised total diabetes prevalence was 6·1% (5·8-6·5). At the super-region level, the highest age-standardised rates were observed in north Africa and the Middle East (9·3% [8·7-9·9]) and, at the regional level, in Oceania (12·3% [11·5-13·0]). Nationally, Qatar had the world's highest age-specific prevalence of diabetes, at 76·1% (73·1-79·5) in individuals aged 75-79 years. Total diabetes prevalence-especially among older adults-primarily reflects type 2 diabetes, which in 2021 accounted for 96·0% (95·1-96·8) of diabetes cases and 95·4% (94·9-95·9) of diabetes DALYs worldwide. In 2021, 52·2% (25·5-71·8) of global type 2 diabetes DALYs were attributable to high BMI. The contribution of high BMI to type 2 diabetes DALYs rose by 24·3% (18·5-30·4) worldwide between 1990 and 2021. By 2050, more than 1·31 billion (1·22-1·39) people are projected to have diabetes, with expected age-standardised total diabetes prevalence rates greater than 10% in two super-regions: 16·8% (16·1-17·6) in north Africa and the Middle East and 11·3% (10·8-11·9) in Latin America and Caribbean. By 2050, 89 (43·6%) of 204 countries and territories will have an age-standardised rate greater than 10%. Interpretation: Diabetes remains a substantial public health issue. Type 2 diabetes, which makes up the bulk of diabetes cases, is largely preventable and, in some cases, potentially reversible if identified and managed early in the disease course. However, all evidence indicates that diabetes prevalence is increasing worldwide, primarily due to a rise in obesity caused by multiple factors. Preventing and controlling type 2 diabetes remains an ongoing challenge. It is essential to better understand disparities in risk factor profiles and diabetes burden across populations, to inform strategies to successfully control diabetes risk factors within the context of multiple and complex drivers. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation