Liberate or Assimilate? A Comparative Study of Post-Transition LGBT Activism in Spain and Russia

Senior Project submitted to The Division of Social Studies of Bard Colleg

Estimating the Mean Ocean-Bay Exchange Rate of the Chesapeake Bay

A model of the salt balance in the Chesapeake Bay is discussed, which takes into account only time-dependent riverine input and mean ocean-bay exchange. Estimates of (spatial) mean bay salinity are made using two different data sources: a 16 year record of surveys taken by the Environmental Protection Agency\u27s Chesapeake Bay Program, and a 10 year record of hydrographic sections taken in the lower bay by the Center for Coastal Physical Oceanography at Old Dominion University. Using United States Geological Survey river flow data to force the model, both data sets are consistent with this simple model and both imply a mean oceanic exchange (e-folding) timescale of 90 days, which is equivalent to an effective exchange rate of roughly 8 x 103 m3 s-1

Wind-driven circulation on a shallow, stratified shelf

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution August 1998Data from the Coastal Ocean Processes Inner Shelf Study are analyzed to determine atmospheric forcing characteristics and the heat balance of the inner shelf, and are used as motivation for a numerical study of inner shelf circulation during upwelling and downwelling. Variation in meteorological forcing on the North Carolina Inner shelf is shown to be dominated by synoptic weather systems. The structure of cold fronts, which are the dominant synoptic feature, and the local meteorological conditions they produce result in a strong correlation between the surface heat flux and the wind orientation. This has implications for the heat balance of the inner shelf, which is considered next. During stratified conditions (observed during August 1994), cross-shelf heat fluxes due to Ekman dynamics dominate variation in heat content of the inner shelf, while during weakly-stratified conditions (observed during October 1994), the surface heat flux dominated variation in heat content. Both processes are correlated with the alongshelf wind, implying that the heat balance of the inner shelf can be modeled largely in terms of the alongshelf wind. The dominance of cross-shelf processes during stratified conditions motivated numerical studies of upwelling and downwelling. It was found that the feedback between mixing and stratification played a role in determining the strength of the circulation on the inner shelf, which differed between upwelling and downwelling. During upwelling, dense water is brought onto the inner shelf from below the pycnocline, producing vertical stratification, lowering eddy viscosities, and enhancing the inner shelf circulation. In contrast, during downwelling, circulation was weakened by the presence of stratification. These circulation patterns are discussed in the context of coastal observations, and the implications for cross-shelf transport and exchange processes are considered.My first two years were supported by a Graduate Fellowship from the National Science Foundation, which gave me the freedom to explore different topics and settle on something I really enjoyed. For the last four years I have been supported by an Office of Naval Research AASERT grant (N00014-93-1-1154), and by a National Science Foundation grant (OCE-9633025)

Ending the Tyranny of the Status Quo: Building 21st Century Environmental Law

Over the past few years, the Environmental Law Institute (ELI or the Institute) has worked to assess the notable successes and current challenges of United States environmental law to inform a new agenda for the twenty-first century. Founded in 1969, at the beginning of modern environmental law, the Institute has been both participant and analyst of an impressive record of major accomplishments in pollution reduction, greater protection of public health, and more intelligent conservation and management of natural resources, in both the public and the private sector. Like the majority of environmental lawyers and policy professionals examining today\u27s challenges, we also see that the United States confronts even more complex environmental and natural resource impacts today. These include climate change, growth in human consumption and population, the consequences of these changes for water supplies, food security, and preservation of biodiversity, and the general sustainability of economic and social development supported by a diminished and inequitably distributed base of natural resources. To undertake this assessment, we began by surveying the many reports and articles written on reform of environmental protection over the past twenty-five years and by conducting interviews of many of the early leaders in environmental law, environmental futurists, and current law students to obtain their insight and ideas for improvement. We then outlined a potential program (1) to envision what America\u27s environmental future should look like in 2050 and (2) to consider what ethical norms, objectives, implementation strategies, and public- and private-sector roles and responsibilities might form a sturdy platform to advance toward the objectives. This article offers a summary of our findings and a proposal for future dialogue

Variation in the Position of the Upwelling Front on the Oregon Shelf

As part of an experiment to study wind-driven coastal circulation, 17 hydrographic surveys of the middle to inner shelf region off the coast of Newport, OR (44.65°N, from roughly the 90 m isobath to the 10 m isobath) were performed during Summer 1999 with a small, towed, undulating vehicle. The cross-shelf survey data were combined with data from several other surveys at the same latitude to study the relationship between upwelling intensity and wind stress field. A measure of upwelling intensity based on the position of the permanent pycnocline is developed. This measure is designed so as to be insensitive to density-modifying surface processes such as heating, cooling, buoyancy plumes, and wind mixing. It is highly correlated with an upwelling index formed by taking an exponentially weighted running mean of the alongshore wind stress. This analysis suggests that the front relaxes to a dynamic (geostrophic) equilibrium on a timescale of roughly 8 days, consistent with a similar analysis of moored hydrographic observations. This relationship allows the amount of time the pycnocline is outcropped to be estimated and could be used with historical wind records to better quantify interannual cycles in upwelling

Group-theoretic interpretation of Margolus neighborhood cellular automata

A set-theoretic structure of Margolus neighborhood cellular automata is developed to accommodate a group structure in an intuitive way. It is proven that pairs of reversible Margolus rule-global maps generate a group of bijections on a finite 2n x 2m grid of binary cells with function composition. This group can further be understood as a group action on the grid. We focus on the subgroup that consists of pairs of reversible, conservative rules and, in particular, the action of this group on the set of all possible "lonely universes" (grids with one living cell). We examine the permutation representation of this action and compute the sizes of the subgroups that are the isomorphic copies of the group under the permutation representation map

Determining bacterial and nutrient concentrations and loadings of surface runoff from differing grazer access and vegetative cover in north-central Oklahoma

Water bodies in Oklahoma are primarily fed by runoff, making bacterial and nutrient contamination of surface runoff a significant water quality concern. The purpose of this thesis was to determine the impacts of grazing and vegetation cover on bacterial and nutrient concentrations and loadings in surface runoff at the field scale in northcentral Oklahoma. To address these concerns, I measured Escherichia coli (E. coli), total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total phosphorus, and ortho-phosphate concentrations and loadings from 10 experimental watersheds at the Cross Timbers Experimental Range, Stillwater, Oklahoma. Results showed that E. coli concentrations of runoff from the grazed prairie watershed with the higher stocking rate, were significantly greater than concentrations from ungrazed watersheds. Total Kjeldahl nitrogen concentrations were greatest from eastern redcedar (Juniper virginiana) woodland watersheds compared to all other land uses measured in the study, but small sample sizes created problems with detecting statistical significance. Total phosphorus concentrations and loading were lowest from switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) watersheds, but this was not the case with measurements for Ortho-P. Loading values were influenced by runoff volume because the more volume associated with an event, the more nutrients in total mass that are carried downstream. In cases where watershed covers of forest and grassland differ substantially, differences in runoff volume dictate loading differences rather than land use. Using concentration to compare water quality between watersheds in these instances should be implemented. These results indicate that cattle grazing and eastern redcedar impact the water quality of runoff, and land management practices such as biomass feedstock production systems have added benefits by reducing total phosphorus concentrations of runoff and loadings to streams

The graphic arts : a study of the organization and management of printing plants

Thesis (B.A.)--University of Illinois, 1913.Typescript.Includes bibliographical references (leaf [1] at beginning)

Software Sustainability: The Modern Tower of Babel

<p>The aim of this paper is to explore the emerging definitions of software sustainability from the field of software engineering in order to contribute to the question, what is software sustainability?</p

Concert recording 2014-04-07

[Track 01]. A trumpet shall sound / G.F. Handel -- [Track 02]. Concerto for bassoon and trumpet. Allegro spiritoso / Paul Hindemith -- [Track 03]. Concerto for bassoon and trumpet. Molto adagio / Paul Hindemith -- [Track 04]. Concerto for bassoon and trumpet. Vivace / Paul Hindemith -- [Track 05]. Pastorale / Eric Ewazen -- [Track 06]. Arboretum. American chestnut / Robert J. Bradshaw -- [Track 07]. Arboretum. Monterey spineflower / Robert J. Bradshaw -- [Track 08]. Arboretum. Sandplain false foxglove / Robert J. Bradshaw -- [Track 09]. Arboretum. Michigan monkey flower / Robert J. Bradshaw