Masculinities, History and Cultural Space: Queer Emancipative Thought in Jamie O’Neill’s at Swim, Two Boys

At Swim, Two Boys, a 2001 novel by Jamie O’Neill, tells a story of gay teen romance in the wake of the Easter Rising. This paper considers the ways in which the characters engage in patterns of masculine behaviour in a context that excludes queer men, and the rhetorical effect of transgressive strategies to form a coherent identity. These patterns include involvement with the masculine and heteronormative nationalist movement, as well as a regime of physical exercise, and a religious upbringing in 20th-century Ireland. The strategies of broadening the practices of masculinity include their renegotiation and redefinition, as well as attempts to (re)construct the Irish and the gay canons of history and literature. These strategies, as exemplified by character development, become a rhetorical basis for the novel’s main argument for inclusiveness. This analysis deals with the central metaphors of space and continuity in the novel in the light of a struggle between identities. It also observes the tradition of parallels drawn between the emasculated position of the gay man and the Irish man at the beginning of the 20th century, and O’Neill’s rhetorical deployment of the shared telos in construction of a coherent gay Irish revolutionary identity

“The Symbol of My Condition”: Dynamics of Alignment with Power in Sarah Schulman’s „Rat Bohemia”

This article considers how Sarah Schulman in her novel Rat Bohemia and other works utilizes her intersectional position as a Jewish lesbian writer to bear witness to her experience of AIDS epidemic. It analyzes how Schulman represents family as an institution of power to hold it accountable for the spread of AIDS epidemic in the context of her postmemory of Holocaust. It deals also with mechanisms of alignment with power within the gay community itself. Finally, it focuses on the central symbol of rats in Rat Bohemia understood as an indexical sign of the obscene. All these issues are theorized in the context of the problem of witnessing as strategies to write a testimony that remains loyal to the community and the reality of a crisis event

Separating CO2 from Flue Gases Using a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell

AbstractA Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) is shown to reduce CO2 emissions from a Coal Fired Power Plant (CFPP). The MCFC is placed in the flue gas stream of the coal fired boiler. The main advantages of this solution are: higher total electric power generated by a hybrid system, reduced CO2 emissions and higher system efficiency. The model of the MCFC is given and described. The results obtained show that use of an MCFC could reduce CO2 emissions by 56%, which gives a relative CO2 emission rate of 288 kgCO2 per MWh

Queerowe więzi a przemysł kulturowy: wspólnota i bunt w powieściach Sary Schulman o epidemii AIDS

Głównym celem niniejszej rozprawy doktorskiej jest omówienie sposobu, w jaki Sarah Schulman przedstawia w swoich powieściach epidemię AIDS i porównanie go z popularnymi wyobrażeniami na temat tego kryzysu zdrowotnego w kulturze amerykańskiej głównego nurtu. Rozprawa ma na celu udowodnienie, że Schulman w swojej twórczości podważa dominujące wyobrażenia na temat epidemii AIDS oraz wyraża krytykę instytucji i technik dyscyplinarnych przenikających ciało społeczne. Przeciwstawiając się dominującym ideologiom pokrewieństwa, założeniom dotyczącym hierarchii seksualnej, uniwersalizującym gestom czyniącym odmieńcze doświadczenie niewidzialnym, oraz wykluczaniu osób chorych na AIDS, autorka przedstawia nowy rodzaj wspólnoty. Jest to wspólnota oparta na idei wolnego wyboru i posiadająca moc do obalenia status quo chronionego przez przemysł kulturowy AIDS

Cyclosporine A reduces microvascular obstruction and preserves left ventricular function deterioration following myocardial ischemia and reperfusion

Postconditioning and cyclosporine A prevent mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening providing cardioprotection during ischemia/reperfusion. Whether microvascular obstruction is affected by these interventions is largely unknown. Pigs subjected to coronary occlusion for 1 h followed by 3 h of reperfusion were assigned to control (n = 8), postconditioning (n = 9) or cyclosporine A intravenous infusion 10-15 min before the end of ischemia (n = 8). Postconditioning was induced by 8 cycles of repeated 30-s balloon inflation and deflation. After 3 h of reperfusion magnetic resonance imaging, triphenyltetrazolium chloride/Evans blue staining and histopathology were performed. Microvascular obstruction (MVO, percentage of gadolinium-hyperenhanced area) was measured early (3 min) and late (12 min) after contrast injection. Infarct size with double staining was smaller in cyclosporine (46.2 ± 3.1 %, P = 0.016) and postconditioning pigs (47.6 ± 3.9 %, P = 0.008) versus controls (53.8 ± 4.1 %). Late MVO was significantly reduced by cyclosporine (13.9 ± 9.6 %, P = 0.047) but not postconditioning (23.6 ± 11.7 %, P = 0.66) when compared with controls (32.0 ± 16.9 %). Myocardial blood flow in the late MVO was improved with cyclosporine versus controls (0.30 ± 0.06 vs 0.21 ± 0.03 ml/g/min, P = 0.002) and was inversely correlated with late-MVO extent ($R^{2}$ = 0.93, P\0.0001). Deterioration of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) between baseline and 3 h of reperfusion was smaller with cyclosporine (-7.9 ± 2.4 %, P = 0.008) but not postconditioning (-12.0 ± 5.5 %, P = 0.22) when compared with controls (-16.4 ± 5.5 %). In the three groups, infarct size (\beta = -0.69, P\0.001) and late MVO (\beta = -0.33, P = 0.02) were independent predictors of LVEF deterioration following ischemia/reperfusion (R^{2} = 0.73, P\0.001). Despite both cyclosporine A and postconditioning reduce infarct size, only cyclosporine A infusion had a beneficial effect on microvascular damage and was associated with better preserved LV function when compared with controls

Planes and Spheres as Topological Manifolds. Stereographic Projection

The goal of this article is to show some examples of topological manifolds: planes and spheres in Euclidean space. In doing it, the article introduces the stereographic projection [25].Via del Pero 102, 54038 Montignoso, ItalyGrzegorz Bancerek. Cardinal numbers. Formalized Mathematics, 1(2):377-382, 1990.Grzegorz Bancerek. The fundamental properties of natural numbers. Formalized Mathematics, 1(1):41-46, 1990.Grzegorz Bancerek. König's theorem. Formalized Mathematics, 1(3):589-593, 1990.Grzegorz Bancerek. The ordinal numbers. Formalized Mathematics, 1(1):91-96, 1990.Grzegorz Bancerek. Monoids. Formalized Mathematics, 3(2):213-225, 1992.Grzegorz Bancerek and Krzysztof Hryniewiecki. Segments of natural numbers and finite sequences. Formalized Mathematics, 1(1):107-114, 1990.Czesław Byliński. Binary operations. Formalized Mathematics, 1(1):175-180, 1990.Czesław Byliński. Finite sequences and tuples of elements of a non-empty sets. Formalized Mathematics, 1(3):529-536, 1990.Czesław Byliński. Functions and their basic properties. Formalized Mathematics, 1(1):55-65, 1990.Czesław Byliński. Functions from a set to a set. Formalized Mathematics, 1(1):153-164, 1990.Czesław Byliński. Partial functions. Formalized Mathematics, 1(2):357-367, 1990.Czesław Byliński. Some basic properties of sets. Formalized Mathematics, 1(1):47-53, 1990.Czesław Byliński. The sum and product of finite sequences of real numbers. Formalized Mathematics, 1(4):661-668, 1990.Agata Darmochwał. Families of subsets, subspaces and mappings in topological spaces. Formalized Mathematics, 1(2):257-261, 1990.Agata Darmochwał. Finite sets. Formalized Mathematics, 1(1):165-167, 1990.Agata Darmochwał. The Euclidean space. Formalized Mathematics, 2(4):599-603, 1991.Agata Darmochwał and Yatsuka Nakamura. Metric spaces as topological spaces - fundamental concepts. Formalized Mathematics, 2(4):605-608, 1991.Krzysztof Hryniewiecki. Basic properties of real numbers. Formalized Mathematics, 1(1):35-40, 1990.Katarzyna Jankowska. Matrices. Abelian group of matrices. Formalized Mathematics, 2(4):475-480, 1991.Stanisława Kanas, Adam Lecko, and Mariusz Startek. Metric spaces. Formalized Mathematics, 1(3):607-610, 1990.Artur Korniłowicz and Yasunari Shidama. Intersections of intervals and balls in En/T Formalized Mathematics, 12(3):301-306, 2004.Artur Korniłowicz and Yasunari Shidama. Some properties of circles on the plane. Formalized Mathematics, 13(1):117-124, 2005.Jarosław Kotowicz. Real sequences and basic operations on them. Formalized Mathematics, 1(2):269-272, 1990.Eugeniusz Kusak, Wojciech Leończuk, and Michał Muzalewski. Abelian groups, fields and vector spaces. Formalized Mathematics, 1(2):335-342, 1990.John M. Lee. Introduction to Topological Manifolds. Springer-Verlag, New York Berlin Heidelberg, 2000.Robert Milewski. Bases of continuous lattices. Formalized Mathematics, 7(2):285-294, 1998.Yatsuka Nakamura, Artur Korniłowicz, Nagato Oya, and Yasunari Shidama. The real vector spaces of finite sequences are finite dimensional. Formalized Mathematics, 17(1):1-9, 2009, doi:10.2478/v10037-009-0001-2.Henryk Oryszczyszyn and Krzysztof Prażmowski. Real functions spaces. Formalized Mathematics, 1(3):555-561, 1990.Beata Padlewska. Families of sets. Formalized Mathematics, 1(1):147-152, 1990.Beata Padlewska. Locally connected spaces. Formalized Mathematics, 2(1):93-96, 1991.Beata Padlewska and Agata Darmochwał. Topological spaces and continuous functions. Formalized Mathematics, 1(1):223-230, 1990.Karol Pąk. Basic properties of metrizable topological spaces. Formalized Mathematics, 17(3):201-205, 2009, doi: 10.2478/v10037-009-0024-8.Marco Riccardi. The definition of topological manifolds. Formalized Mathematics, 19(1):41-44, 2011, doi: 10.2478/v10037-011-0007-4.Andrzej Trybulec. Binary operations applied to functions. Formalized Mathematics, 1(2):329-334, 1990.Andrzej Trybulec. On the sets inhabited by numbers. Formalized Mathematics, 11(4):341-347, 2003.Wojciech A. Trybulec. Basis of real linear space. Formalized Mathematics, 1(5):847-850, 1990.Wojciech A. Trybulec. Linear combinations in real linear space. Formalized Mathematics, 1(3):581-588, 1990.Wojciech A. Trybulec. Subspaces and cosets of subspaces in real linear space. Formalized Mathematics, 1(2):297-301, 1990.Wojciech A. Trybulec. Vectors in real linear space. Formalized Mathematics, 1(2):291-296, 1990.Edmund Woronowicz. Relations and their basic properties. Formalized Mathematics, 1(1):73-83, 1990.Edmund Woronowicz. Relations defined on sets. Formalized Mathematics, 1(1):181-186, 1990.Mariusz Żynel and Adam Guzowski. T0 topological spaces. Formalized Mathematics, 5(1):75-77, 1996

Basel Problem – Preliminaries

SummaryIn the article we formalize in the Mizar system [4] preliminary facts needed to prove the Basel problem [7, 1]. Facts that are independent from the notion of structure are included here.Korniłowicz Artur - Institute of Informatics, University of Białystok, PolandPąk Karol - Institute of Informatics, University of Białystok, PolandM. Aigner and G. M. Ziegler. Proofs from THE BOOK. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York, 2004.Grzegorz Bancerek. The fundamental properties of natural numbers. Formalized Mathematics, 1(1):41–46, 1990.Grzegorz Bancerek and Krzysztof Hryniewiecki. Segments of natural numbers and finite sequences. Formalized Mathematics, 1(1):107–114, 1990.Grzegorz Bancerek, Czesław Byliński, Adam Grabowski, Artur Korniłowicz, Roman Matuszewski, Adam Naumowicz, Karol Pąk, and Josef Urban. Mizar: State-of-the-art and beyond. In Manfred Kerber, Jacques Carette, Cezary Kaliszyk, Florian Rabe, and Volker Sorge, editors, Intelligent Computer Mathematics, volume 9150 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 261–279. Springer International Publishing, 2015. ISBN 978-3-319-20614-1. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-20615-817.Czesław Byliński. Finite sequences and tuples of elements of a non-empty sets. Formalized Mathematics, 1(3):529–536, 1990.Czesław Byliński. Functions and their basic properties. Formalized Mathematics, 1(1): 55–65, 1990.Augustin Louis Cauchy. Cours d’analyse de l’Ecole royale polytechnique. de l’Imprimerie royale, 1821.Wenpai Chang, Yatsuka Nakamura, and Piotr Rudnicki. Inner products and angles of complex numbers. Formalized Mathematics, 11(3):275–280, 2003.Wenpai Chang, Hiroshi Yamazaki, and Yatsuka Nakamura. The inner product and conjugate of finite sequences of complex numbers. Formalized Mathematics, 13(3):367–373, 2005.Noboru Endou. Double series and sums. Formalized Mathematics, 22(1):57–68, 2014. doi: 10.2478/forma-2014-0006.Noboru Endou, Katsumi Wasaki, and Yasunari Shidama. Definition of integrability for partial functions from ℝ to ℝ and integrability for continuous functions. Formalized Mathematics, 9(2):281–284, 2001.Adam Grabowski and Yatsuka Nakamura. Some properties of real maps. Formalized Mathematics, 6(4):455–459, 1997.Artur Korniłowicz and Yasunari Shidama. Inverse trigonometric functions arcsin and arccos. Formalized Mathematics, 13(1):73–79, 2005.Jarosław Kotowicz. Partial functions from a domain to the set of real numbers. Formalized Mathematics, 1(4):703–709, 1990.Xiquan Liang and Bing Xie. Inverse trigonometric functions arctan and arccot. Formalized Mathematics, 16(2):147–158, 2008. doi: 10.2478/v10037-008-0021-3.Robert Milewski. Trigonometric form of complex numbers. Formalized Mathematics, 9 (3):455–460, 2001.Keiichi Miyajima and Takahiro Kato. The sum and product of finite sequences of complex numbers. Formalized Mathematics, 18(2):107–111, 2010. doi: 10.2478/v10037-010-0014-x.Cuiying Peng, Fuguo Ge, and Xiquan Liang. Several integrability formulas of special functions. Formalized Mathematics, 15(4):189–198, 2007. doi: 10.2478/v10037-007-0023-6.Konrad Raczkowski. Integer and rational exponents. Formalized Mathematics, 2(1):125–130, 1991.Konrad Raczkowski and Paweł Sadowski. Real function continuity. Formalized Mathematics, 1(4):787–791, 1990.Piotr Rudnicki and Andrzej Trybulec. Abian’s fixed point theorem. Formalized Mathematics, 6(3):335–338, 1997.Yasunari Shidama, Noboru Endou, and Katsumi Wasaki. Riemann indefinite integral of functions of real variable. Formalized Mathematics, 15(2):59–63, 2007. doi: 10.2478/v10037-007-0007-6.Andrzej Trybulec and Czesław Byliński. Some properties of real numbers. Formalized Mathematics, 1(3):445–449, 1990.Michał J. Trybulec. Integers. Formalized Mathematics, 1(3):501–505, 1990.Edmund Woronowicz. Relations and their basic properties. Formalized Mathematics, 1 (1):73–83, 1990.Yuguang Yang and Yasunari Shidama. Trigonometric functions and existence of circle ratio. Formalized Mathematics, 7(2):255–263, 1998.25214114

Przezcewnikowa implantacja zastawki aortalnej w leczeniu dysfunkcyjnych bioprotez chirurgicznych i przezcewnikowych. Opinia ekspertów Asocjacji Interwencji Sercowo-Naczyniowych Polskiego Towarzystwa Kardiologicznego

Ponad 15-letnie doświadczenie i wyniki dużych badań obserwacyjnych, na podstawie których tworzone są wytyczne, wskazują na bezpieczeństwo i skuteczność zabiegów przezcewnikowej implantacji „zastawki w zastawkę” (ViV-TAVI, valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve implantation), zmniejszając tym samym potrzebę reoperacji u pacjentów wysokiego ryzyka. Oczekuje się, że liczba zabiegów ViV-TAVI w Polsce, szacowana na około 2% wszystkich przezcewnikowej implantacji zastawki aortalnej w 2020 roku, będzie rosła. Niniejszy dokument ma na celu przegląd aspektów proceduralnych ViV-TAVI, w tym odpowiednich metod planowania przedzabiegowego, sposobów optymalizacji wyników hemodynamicznych i ograniczania ryzyka okluzji tętnic wieńcowych. Dokument zawiera również wstępny przegląd wskazań i wytycznych dotyczących ponownego zabiegu TAVI (re-do TAVI) u pacjentów ze zdegenerowanymi zastawkami przezcewnikowymi