Prevalência de uso substâncias psicoativas homens que se relacionam com homens, Colômbia

Highlights There is a high prevalence of consumption of psychoactive substances, especially alcohol, marijuana, and popper. Popper is one of the psychoactive substances that is emerging among the population; it must be carefully monitored. The consumption of psychoactive substances is statistically and epidemiologically associated with having casual couples and sexual work. The consumption of psychoactive substances increases the probability of having unprotected sexual intercourses. Introduction: The use of psychoactive substances (PS) in the population is a current problem that affects a large part of humanity, with diverse consequences.   Objective: To analyze the factors associated with the consumption of PS among men who have sex with other men (MSM) in three Colombian cities. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study used the respondent-driven sampling (RDS) method and obtained a sample of 1301 MSM. The association between the sociodemographic and personal characteristics and the consumption of PS was assessed using the chi-square test. Prevalence ratios were calculated along with their 95% confidence intervals. For the multivariate analysis, a Poisson regression with a log link and robust estimator was employed to explore the factors associated with PS use. Result: The prevalence of consumption of PS in the last year was 87%, prevailing the consumption of alcohol, marijuana, and poppers. Having occasional partners (PR: 0.44; 95% CI 0.29 - 0.67), attending public places or establishments such as bars and saunas (PR: 3.39; 95% CI 2.34 - 4.91), sex work, and not using a condom in the last sexual encounter (PR: 2.10 95% CI 1.37 - 3.22) are factors associated with the use of these substances.   Discussion: There is evidence of a high prevalence of recreational use of PS, even higher than that found in the general population. Conclusion: A high prevalence and association with risky sexual behaviors is confirmed, which requires promotion and prevention actions to reduce the use of these substances. How to cite this article: Bedoya Mejia Sebastián, Cardona Arango Doris, Agudelo Cifuentes Maite Catalina, Ramos-Jaraba Sara Milena, Matagira-Rondón Giselly, Segura-Cardona Ángela M, Berbesí-Fernández Dedsy Yajaira. Prevalence of psychoactive substance use in men who have sexual relationships with men, Colombia. Revista Cuidarte. 2024;15(2):e3477. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.3477Introducción: El uso de sustancias psicoactivas en la población es un problema actual, que afecta a una gran parte de la humanidad, con diversas consecuencias.   Objetivo: Analizar los factores asociados al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en hombres que tienen sexo con otros hombres (HSH) en tres ciudades de Colombia.   Materiales y Métodos: Este estudio descriptivo transversal utilizó el método de muestreo respondent-driven sampling y logró una muestra de 1301 HSH. Se evaluó la asociación entre las características sociodemográficas y personales y el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas mediante la prueba chi-cuadrado. Las razones de prevalencia se calcularon con sus intervalos de confianza del 95%. En el análisis multivariado, se empleó una regresión de Poisson con enlace logarítmico y estimador robusto, para explorar los factores asociados con el uso de sustancias psicoactivas. Resultados: La prevalencia de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en el último año fue del 87%, predominando el consumo de alcohol, marihuana y poppers. Tener parejas ocasionales (RP: 0,44; IC 95% 0,29-0,67), asistir a lugares públicos o establecimientos como bares y saunas (RP: 3,39; IC 95% 2,34 - 4,91), el trabajo sexual y no usar condón en la última relación sexual (RP: 2,10; IC 95%: 1,37 - 3,22) son factores asociados con el consumo de estas sustancias. Discusión: Se evidencia una alta prevalencia de consumo recreativo de sustancias psicoactivas, incluso superior a la encontrada en población general.   Conclusión: Se confirma una alta prevalencia y asociación con conductas sexuales de riesgo, lo que requiere acciones de promoción y prevención para reducir el uso de estas sustancias. Como citar este artículo: Bedoya Mejia Sebastián, Cardona Arango Doris, Agudelo Cifuentes Maite Catalina, Ramos-Jaraba Sara Milena, Matagira-Rondón Giselly, Segura-Cardona Ángela M, Berbesí-Fernández Dedsy Yajaira. Prevalence of psychoactive substance use in men who have sexual relationships with men, Colombia. Revista Cuidarte. 2024;15(2):e3477. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.3477Introdução: O uso de substâncias psicoativas pela população é um problema atual que atinge grande parte da humanidade, com diversas consequências. Objetivo:  Analisar os fatores associados ao uso de substâncias psicoativas em homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH) em três cidades da Colômbia. Materiais e Métodos: Esse estudo descritivo transversal usou o método de amostras respondent-driven sampling e obteve uma amostra de 1301 HSH. A associação entre as características sociodemográficas e pessoais e o uso de substâncias psicoativas foi avaliada por meio do teste do qui-quadrado. As razões de prevalência foram obtidas com seus intervalos de confiança de 95%. Na análise multivariada, foram construídos regressão de Poisson, log link e estimador robusto para explorar os fatores associados ao uso de substâncias psicoativas.   Resultado: A prevalência de consumo de substâncias psicoativas no último ano foi de 87%, prevalecendo o consumo de álcool, maconha e poppers. Ter parceiros ocasionais (RP: 0,44; IC 95% 0,29 – 0,67), frequentar locais e locais públicos como bares e saunas (RP: 3,39; IC 95% 2,34-4,91), trabalho sexual e não usar camisinha na última relação sexual (RP: 2,10 IC 95% 1,37 - 3,22) são fatores associados ao consumo dessas substâncias. Discussão: Existem evidências de elevada prevalência de uso recreativo de substâncias psicoativas, ainda maior do que as encontradas na população em geral. Conclusão: Confirma-se uma elevada prevalência e associação com comportamentos sexuais de risco, o que requer ações de promoção e prevenção para reduzir o uso destas substâncias. Como citar este artigo: Bedoya Mejia Sebastián, Cardona Arango Doris, Agudelo Cifuentes Maite Catalina, Ramos-Jaraba Sara Milena, Matagira-Rondón Giselly, Segura-Cardona Ángela M, Berbesí-Fernández Dedsy Yajaira. Prevalence of psychoactive substance use in men who have sexual relationships with men, Colombia. Revista Cuidarte. 2024;15(2):e3477. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.347

Manejo de la hemorragia subaracnoidea en pacientes ingresados en el área de Neurocirugía del hospital “Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo”, 01 de enero al 31 de julio de 2002

Estudio realizado en el servicio de Neurocirugía del hospital “Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo” durante 1 enero-31 julio 2002. Fueron 118 pacientes ingresados de los cuales se tomaron 16 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y que por tanto se constituye en universo.Tipo de estudio: retrospectivo, descriptivo.Objetivos. General:Determinar cómo se realiza el manejo de los pacientes con hemorragia subaracnoidea ingresados en el servicio de Neurocirugía.Específicos:1.- Establecer por medio de porcentajes la morbimortalidad de los pacientes que cursan con Hemorragia Subaracnoidea.2.- Determinar la influencia que ejercen los antecedentes personales y hábitos de este grupo de pacientes.Resultados: De los 16 pacientes la patología determinada se presentó el 49% en mayores de 60 años; prevaleciendo también en el sexo masculino que alcanzó el 62%. En cuanto a los pacientes con antecedentes de hipertensión arterial se destacó el 25%, aún en aquellos individuos que seguían un tratamiento adecuado. En cuanto a la etiología se destacó el trauma cráneo encefálico con un 44%, seguido de los aneurismas con un 25%. Como medio de diagnóstico, la tomografía axial computarizada, con el 81%, demostró que sigue siendo el de primera elección. El tratamiento conservador alcanzó el 75% y en nuestro universo de estudio se obtuvo 62% de mejoría y 38% curación al momento del alta hospitalaria.Conclusiones: Se logró demostrar con este estudio el adecuado y eficaz manejo intra hospitalario para con este grupo de pacientes, no sólo con el hecho del alto porcentaje en el tratamiento conservador sino también porque no existió ningún paciente fallecido en nuestro universo de estudio

The psychosocial management of rights restitution: tracing technologies for reparation in post-conflict Colombia

Psychosocial assistance is a crucial aspect of recent state reparation and human rights restitution policies in post-conflict Colombia. Drawing on the methodological tools offered by Science and Technology Studies (STS), we follow the trajectories of a psychosocial protocol for emotional recovery as a technology of reparation deployed in rural communities between 2013 and 2017. We ethnographically describe how psychological and administrative projects are merged in practice and come to shape practices and emotional self-valuations. Building on Serres’ concept of betrayal, we reflect on the potential contours of quantifications embedded in psychosocial assistance as opportunities for different forms of reparation to emerge. These forms of reparation coexist in intertwined epistemic practices of psychosocial assistance. We claim that a potentially alternative form of reparation arises despite the predominance of an administrative design mainly concerned with quantification and efficient policy management

Advanced Virgo Plus: Future Perspectives

While completing the commissioning phase to prepare the Virgo interferometer for the next joint Observation Run (O4), the Virgo collaboration is also finalizing the design of the next upgrades to the detector to be employed in the following Observation Run (O5). The major upgrade will concern decreasing the thermal noise limit, which will imply using very large test masses and increased laser beam size. But this will not be the only upgrade to be implemented in the break between the O4 and O5 observation runs to increase the Virgo detector strain sensitivity. The paper will cover the challenges linked to this upgrade and implications on the detector's reach and observational potential, reflecting the talk given at 12th Cosmic Ray International Seminar - CRIS 2022 held in September 2022 in Napoli

The Advanced Virgo+ status

The gravitational wave detector Advanced Virgo+ is currently in the commissioning phase in view of the fourth Observing Run (O4). The major upgrades with respect to the Advanced Virgo configuration are the implementation of an additional recycling cavity, the Signal Recycling cavity (SRC), at the output of the interferometer to broaden the sensitivity band and the Frequency Dependent Squeezing (FDS) to reduce quantum noise at all frequencies. The main difference of the Advanced Virgo + detector with respect to the LIGO detectors is the presence of marginally stable recycling cavities, with respect to the stable recycling cavities present in the LIGO detectors, which increases the difficulties in controlling the interferometer in presence of defects (both thermal and cold defects). This work will focus on the interferometer commissioning, highlighting the control challenges to maintain the detector in the working point which maximizes the sensitivity and the duty cycle for scientific data taking

Frequency-Dependent Squeezed Vacuum Source for the Advanced Virgo Gravitational-Wave Detector

In this Letter, we present the design and performance of the frequency-dependent squeezed vacuum source that will be used for the broadband quantum noise reduction of the Advanced Virgo Plus gravitational-wave detector in the upcoming observation run. The frequency-dependent squeezed field is generated by a phase rotation of a frequency-independent squeezed state through a 285 m long, high-finesse, near-detuned optical resonator. With about 8.5 dB of generated squeezing, up to 5.6 dB of quantum noise suppression has been measured at high frequency while close to the filter cavity resonance frequency, the intracavity losses limit this value to about 2 dB. Frequency-dependent squeezing is produced with a rotation frequency stability of about 6 Hz rms, which is maintained over the long term. The achieved results fulfill the frequency dependent squeezed vacuum source requirements for Advanced Virgo Plus. With the current squeezing source, considering also the estimated squeezing degradation induced by the interferometer, we expect a reduction of the quantum shot noise and radiation pressure noise of up to 4.5 dB and 2 dB, respectively

Open Data from the Third Observing Run of LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA, and GEO

The global network of gravitational-wave observatories now includes five detectors, namely LIGO Hanford, LIGO Livingston, Virgo, KAGRA, and GEO 600. These detectors collected data during their third observing run, O3, composed of three phases: O3a starting in 2019 April and lasting six months, O3b starting in 2019 November and lasting five months, and O3GK starting in 2020 April and lasting two weeks. In this paper we describe these data and various other science products that can be freely accessed through the Gravitational Wave Open Science Center at https://gwosc.org. The main data set, consisting of the gravitational-wave strain time series that contains the astrophysical signals, is released together with supporting data useful for their analysis and documentation, tutorials, as well as analysis software packages

Search for Eccentric Black Hole Coalescences during the Third Observing Run of LIGO and Virgo

Despite the growing number of confident binary black hole coalescences observed through gravitational waves so far, the astrophysical origin of these binaries remains uncertain. Orbital eccentricity is one of the clearest tracers of binary formation channels. Identifying binary eccentricity, however, remains challenging due to the limited availability of gravitational waveforms that include effects of eccentricity. Here, we present observational results for a waveform-independent search sensitive to eccentric black hole coalescences, covering the third observing run (O3) of the LIGO and Virgo detectors. We identified no new high-significance candidates beyond those that were already identified with searches focusing on quasi-circular binaries. We determine the sensitivity of our search to high-mass (total mass $M>70$ $M_\odot$) binaries covering eccentricities up to 0.3 at 15 Hz orbital frequency, and use this to compare model predictions to search results. Assuming all detections are indeed quasi-circular, for our fiducial population model, we place an upper limit for the merger rate density of high-mass binaries with eccentricities $0 < e \leq 0.3$ at $0.33$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$ at 90\% confidence level.Comment: 24 pages, 5 figure