Повезаност типова девијације носне преграде са тежином опструкционих симптома и карактеристикама протока ваздуха кроз носну дупљу

To investigate the association between the nasal septal deviation (NSD) morphology with nasal airway obstruction (NAO) symptom severity and the nasal airflow parameters. Methods: The study included 225 patients with diagnosed NSD. The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire was validated and cross-culturally adapted for the Serbian population and applied for the NAO assessment. Patients were examined by computed tomography (CT). CT images were used to classify NSD according to Mladina's classification and generate eight 3D computational models of the nasal cavity (one model without NSD, seven models representing each Mladina's NSD type). Inspiration was simulated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method and analyzed through CFD parameters (airflow partitioning, velocity, wall shear stress, pressure, nasal resistance (NR), heat flux (HF), turbulent kinetic energy (k), and airflow pattern). The obtained data were statistically analyzed. Results: Although NOSE scores differed between patients with various Mladina's NSD types, the differences were not confirmed as statistically significant (B=0.837, p=0.261). There was no significant link between NSD types and NAO severity after applying additional morphology-based NSD classifications. CFD analysis showed that Mladina's NSD types induce various side asymmetry in all CFD parameters. CFD parameters that significantly correlated with the NOSE scores were: side asymmetry in NR (R=0.762, p=0.028), HF on the narrow nasal passage (R=-0.732, p=0.039), and ipsilateral k (R=-0.723, p=.043). Conclusions: NSD morphology could not predict NAO severity. Side asymmetry in NR, reduction in HF and k in the narrow nasal passage may contribute to the NSD-related NAO perception.испитати повезаност типова девијације носне преграде (ДНП) са тежином опструкционих симптома и параметрима протока ваздуха кроз носну дупљу. Метод: У студији је учествовало 225 пацијената са дијагностикованом ДНП. Упитник "Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE)" је валидиран и културално адаптиран за српску популацију и примењен за процену тежине опструкционих симптома. Снимци пацијената са апарата за компјутеризовану томографију (КТ) коришћени су за класификацију ДНП по Младининим критеријумима и за израду осам компјутерских модела носне дупље (један модел без ДНП, седам модела за сваки тип ДНП по Младини). Методом компјутеризоване динамике флуида (КДФ) симулирано је удисање на моделима и анализирани су параметри протока ваздуха кроз нос (дистрибуција удахнутог ваздуха између десне и леве стране, брзина, смичући напон, притисак, отпор, топлотни флукс (ТФ), турбулентна кинетичка енергија (ТКЕ) и образац протока). Добијени подаци су анализирани одговарајућим статистичким тестовима. Резултати: Иако су уочене разлике у NOSE скоровима међу Младининим типовима ДНП, исте нису биле статистички значајне (B=0.837, p=0.261). Такође није детектована статистичка веза између NOSE скорова и типова ДНП класификованих према другим критеријумима. КДФ анализа је показала постојање разлика у свим КДФ параметрима између Младининих типова ДНП. КДФ параметри који су значајно статистички повезани са NOSE скоровима су асиметрија у отпору између десне и леве стране (R=0.762, p=0.028), ТФ (R=-0.732, p=0.039) и ТКЕ (R=-0.723, p=.043) на страни сужења. Закључак: Није могућно предвидети тежину опструкционих симптома на основу морфологије ДНП. Асиметрија у отпору између страна носне дупље узрокована ДНП, редукција ТФ и ТКЕ на страни сужења могу бити одговорни за осећај опструкције

Side asymmetry in nasal resistance correlate with nasal obstruction severity in patients with septal deformities: Computational fluid dynamics study

Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between side asymmetry in nasal resistance (NR) and severity of the nasal airway obstruction (NAO) in patients with different types of nasal septal deformity (NSD). Design Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study. Setting The study was conducted in a tertiary medical centre. Participants The study included 232 patients, who were referred to the CT examination of the paranasal sinuses. Exclusion criteria were sinonasal and respiratory diseases that may interfere with the nasal obstruction. The presence and the type of NSD were recorded according to the Mladina's classification. Main outcome measures The presence and severity of NAO in each patient were assessed by NOSE questionnaire. Eight computational models of the nasal cavity were created from CT scans. Models represented seven Mladina's NSD types and a straight septum of a symptomless patient. CFD calculated airflow partitioning and NR for each nasal passage. Side differences in NR were calculated by the equation increment NR = NRleft - NRright. The relationship between NOSE scores, airflow partitioning and side differences in NR was explored using Spearman's correlation analysis. Results Mladina's types of NSD showed differences in airflow partitioning and the degree of side asymmetry in NR. A significant positive correlation was detected between side differences in NR and NOSE scores (R = .762, P = .028). A significant negative correlation was found between the per cent of unilateral airflow and NR (R = -.524, P = .037). Conclusions Our results demonstrated that side asymmetry in NR could explain differences in NAO severity related to the NSD type.This is the peer-reviewed version of the article: Janović, N.; Cocić, A.; Stamenić, M.; Janović, A.; Đurić, M. Side Asymmetry in Nasal Resistance Correlate with Nasal Obstruction Severity in Patients with Septal Deformities: Computational Fluid Dynamics Study. Clinical Otolaryngology 2020. [https://doi.org/10.1111/coa.13563

Повезаност типова девијације носне преграде са тежином опструкционих симптома и карактеристикама протока ваздуха кроз носну дупљу

To investigate the association between the nasal septal deviation (NSD) morphology with nasal airway obstruction (NAO) symptom severity and the nasal airflow parameters. Methods: The study included 225 patients with diagnosed NSD. The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire was validated and cross-culturally adapted for the Serbian population and applied for the NAO assessment. Patients were examined by computed tomography (CT). CT images were used to classify NSD according to Mladina's classification and generate eight 3D computational models of the nasal cavity (one model without NSD, seven models representing each Mladina's NSD type). Inspiration was simulated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method and analyzed through CFD parameters (airflow partitioning, velocity, wall shear stress, pressure, nasal resistance (NR), heat flux (HF), turbulent kinetic energy (k), and airflow pattern). The obtained data were statistically analyzed. Results: Although NOSE scores differed between patients with various Mladina's NSD types, the differences were not confirmed as statistically significant (B=0.837, p=0.261). There was no significant link between NSD types and NAO severity after applying additional morphology-based NSD classifications. CFD analysis showed that Mladina's NSD types induce various side asymmetry in all CFD parameters. CFD parameters that significantly correlated with the NOSE scores were: side asymmetry in NR (R=0.762, p=0.028), HF on the narrow nasal passage (R=-0.732, p=0.039), and ipsilateral k (R=-0.723, p=.043). Conclusions: NSD morphology could not predict NAO severity. Side asymmetry in NR, reduction in HF and k in the narrow nasal passage may contribute to the NSD-related NAO perception.испитати повезаност типова девијације носне преграде (ДНП) са тежином опструкционих симптома и параметрима протока ваздуха кроз носну дупљу. Метод: У студији је учествовало 225 пацијената са дијагностикованом ДНП. Упитник "Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE)" је валидиран и културално адаптиран за српску популацију и примењен за процену тежине опструкционих симптома. Снимци пацијената са апарата за компјутеризовану томографију (КТ) коришћени су за класификацију ДНП по Младининим критеријумима и за израду осам компјутерских модела носне дупље (један модел без ДНП, седам модела за сваки тип ДНП по Младини). Методом компјутеризоване динамике флуида (КДФ) симулирано је удисање на моделима и анализирани су параметри протока ваздуха кроз нос (дистрибуција удахнутог ваздуха између десне и леве стране, брзина, смичући напон, притисак, отпор, топлотни флукс (ТФ), турбулентна кинетичка енергија (ТКЕ) и образац протока). Добијени подаци су анализирани одговарајућим статистичким тестовима. Резултати: Иако су уочене разлике у NOSE скоровима међу Младининим типовима ДНП, исте нису биле статистички значајне (B=0.837, p=0.261). Такође није детектована статистичка веза између NOSE скорова и типова ДНП класификованих према другим критеријумима. КДФ анализа је показала постојање разлика у свим КДФ параметрима између Младининих типова ДНП. КДФ параметри који су значајно статистички повезани са NOSE скоровима су асиметрија у отпору између десне и леве стране (R=0.762, p=0.028), ТФ (R=-0.732, p=0.039) и ТКЕ (R=-0.723, p=.043) на страни сужења. Закључак: Није могућно предвидети тежину опструкционих симптома на основу морфологије ДНП. Асиметрија у отпору између страна носне дупље узрокована ДНП, редукција ТФ и ТКЕ на страни сужења могу бити одговорни за осећај опструкције

Side asymmetry in nasal resistance correlate with nasal obstruction severity in patients with septal deformities: Computational fluid dynamics study

Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between side asymmetry in nasal resistance (NR) and severity of the nasal airway obstruction (NAO) in patients with different types of nasal septal deformity (NSD). Design Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study. Setting The study was conducted in a tertiary medical centre. Participants The study included 232 patients, who were referred to the CT examination of the paranasal sinuses. Exclusion criteria were sinonasal and respiratory diseases that may interfere with the nasal obstruction. The presence and the type of NSD were recorded according to the Mladina's classification. Main outcome measures The presence and severity of NAO in each patient were assessed by NOSE questionnaire. Eight computational models of the nasal cavity were created from CT scans. Models represented seven Mladina's NSD types and a straight septum of a symptomless patient. CFD calculated airflow partitioning and NR for each nasal passage. Side differences in NR were calculated by the equation increment NR = NRleft - NRright. The relationship between NOSE scores, airflow partitioning and side differences in NR was explored using Spearman's correlation analysis. Results Mladina's types of NSD showed differences in airflow partitioning and the degree of side asymmetry in NR. A significant positive correlation was detected between side differences in NR and NOSE scores (R = .762, P = .028). A significant negative correlation was found between the per cent of unilateral airflow and NR (R = -.524, P = .037). Conclusions Our results demonstrated that side asymmetry in NR could explain differences in NAO severity related to the NSD type

Side asymmetry in nasal resistance correlate with nasal obstruction severity in patients with septal deformities: Computational fluid dynamics study

Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between side asymmetry in nasal resistance (NR) and severity of the nasal airway obstruction (NAO) in patients with different types of nasal septal deformity (NSD). Design Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study. Setting The study was conducted in a tertiary medical centre. Participants The study included 232 patients, who were referred to the CT examination of the paranasal sinuses. Exclusion criteria were sinonasal and respiratory diseases that may interfere with the nasal obstruction. The presence and the type of NSD were recorded according to the Mladina's classification. Main outcome measures The presence and severity of NAO in each patient were assessed by NOSE questionnaire. Eight computational models of the nasal cavity were created from CT scans. Models represented seven Mladina's NSD types and a straight septum of a symptomless patient. CFD calculated airflow partitioning and NR for each nasal passage. Side differences in NR were calculated by the equation increment NR = NRleft - NRright. The relationship between NOSE scores, airflow partitioning and side differences in NR was explored using Spearman's correlation analysis. Results Mladina's types of NSD showed differences in airflow partitioning and the degree of side asymmetry in NR. A significant positive correlation was detected between side differences in NR and NOSE scores (R = .762, P = .028). A significant negative correlation was found between the per cent of unilateral airflow and NR (R = -.524, P = .037). Conclusions Our results demonstrated that side asymmetry in NR could explain differences in NAO severity related to the NSD type.Peer-reviewed manuscript: [http://smile.stomf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2527

Exploitation of neglected horseradish peroxidase izoenzymes for dye decolorization

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is enzyme first described more than 200 years ago and yet there are still some aspects of this potent enzyme to be tackled. Researchers were focused on most abundant isoenzyme HRP CIA while remaining, particularly anionic isoenzymes were discarded in purification process. This work describes exploitation of those isoenzymes for removal of recalcitrant pollutants such as reactive dyes. Results demonstrated that not only these enzymes can decolorize dyes but also in some cases anionic forms are more efficient than commercially produced cationic HRP form. Enzyme concentration of 0.14 U ml(-1) was found to provide maximum dye removal at optimized reaction conditions with dye concentration of 30 mg I-1. Majority of dyes tested were successfully decolorized at pH 5 or 7 while some dyes like Orange 2 and Reactive black 5 are decolorized most efficiently at pH 9. Anionic isoenzymes act by disrupting chromophore of Reactive black 5 while cationic HRP oxidize dye but leaves chromophore present. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved