Young age at school entry and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder-related symptoms during primary school : results of a prospective cohort study conducted at German Rudolf Steiner schools

Objectives Young age at school entry (ASE) for students has been related to their impaired mental health in higher grades. To avoid the negative health consequences of young ASE, preschool examinations and individual school entry deferral for young children are routinely performed by some school authorities. We aimed to investigate whether ASE was associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-related symptoms in pupils attending schools using a selective school enrolment procedure. Design Prospective open cohort study with baseline assessments at school entry and two follow-ups in the second and fourth grades. Setting Up to 128 Rudolf Steiner Schools (Waldorf Schools) located within Germany. Participants Of the 3079 children from whom data were gathered in the second or fourth grade, 2671 children born between 1 July 2001 and 31 October 2002 (age at baseline: mean 6.7, min 5.91, max 7.24 years, 50% girls) were selected for analysis to avoid bias introduced by individuals at the edges of the ASE distribution. Main outcome measures ADHD-related symptoms were assessed at school entry and second and fourth grades by parent-reported and teacher reported versions of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (Hyperactivity-Inattention Subscale). Results The agreement between parent-reported and teacher-reported symptoms was poor (intra-class correlation: 0.41 and 0.44 in second and fourth grade assessments, respectively). Regarding teacher reports, ASE was negatively associated with ADHD-related symptoms in the second grade (regression coefficient β=−0.66 per year, P=0.0006) and fourth grade (β=−0.56, P=0.0014). Associations remained after adjusting for potential confounders and pre-existing symptoms at baseline. Regarding parent reports, associations were markedly weaker in both grades (second grade: β=−0.22, P=0.12; fourth grade: β=−0.09, P=0.48).Conclusions Using a prospective study design and comprehensive adjustment for confounding and baseline symptoms, we confirmed prior evidence of the association between young ASE and teacher-reported ADHD symptoms in primary school

Radiation Safety Considerations in the Treatment of Canine Skeletal Conditions Using 153Sm, 90Y, and 117mSn

Wendt, Richard E. III; Selting, Kimberly A.; Lattimer, Jimmy C.; Wong, Janine; Simón, Jaime; Stevenson, Nigel R.; Stearns, Stanley D.. Radiation Safety Considerations in the Treatment of Canine Skeletal Conditions Using 153Sm, 90Y, and 117mSn. Health Physics: June 2020 - Volume 118 - Issue 6 - p 702-710 doi: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001222https://openworks.mdanderson.org/mdacc_imgphys_pubs/1001/thumbnail.jp

Responsible Human-Robot Interaction with Anthropomorphic Service Robots: State of the Art of an Interdisciplinary Research Challenge

Anthropomorphic service robots are on the rise. The more capable they become and the more regular they are applied in real-world settings, the more critical becomes the responsible design of human-robot interaction (HRI) with special attention to human dignity, transparency, privacy, and robot compliance. In this paper we review the interdisciplinary state of the art relevant for the responsible design of HRI. Furthermore, directions for future research on the responsible design of HRI with anthropomorphic service robots are suggested

Der Einfluss von Übergewicht auf das Überleben nach Brustkrebs

In den letzten Jahrzehnten hat die Anzahl übergewichtiger Menschen in den westlichen Industrienationen stetig zugenommen. In Deutschland waren im Jahr 2009 nahezu 43% der Frauen übergewichtig. Ein erhöhter Körperfettanteil ist ein bekannter Risikofaktor für viele Folge- und Begleiterkrankungen. Des Weiteren konnte in zahlreichen Studien eine positive Assoziation zwischen Übergewicht und Brustkrebs beobachtet werden. Da bei Frauen das Mammakarzinom die häufigste Krebserkrankung ist und die höchste Anzahl an tumorbedingten Todesfällen aufweist, sind neue Konzepte zur Verbesserung der Lebenserwartung wünschenswert. Der Einfluss von Lebensstilfaktoren auf die Lebenserwartung nach einer Brustkrebserkrankung ist noch nicht vollständig geklärt. Somit stellt sich die Frage, inwieweit Übergewicht das Überleben nach einer Brustkrebserkrankung beeinflusst. Ziel der Arbeit war es, den Einfluss von Übergewicht auf das Überleben nach einer Brustkrebserkrankung unter Berücksichtigung bekannter Risikofaktoren zu untersuchen