Change is good: adapting strategies for archaeological prospection in a rapidly changing technological world

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Construction of N-body initial data sets in general relativity

Given a collection of N solutions of the (3+1) vacuum Einstein constraint equations which are asymptotically Euclidean, we show how to construct a new solution of the constraints which is itself asymptotically Euclidean, and which contains specified sub-regions of each of the N given solutions. This generalizes earlier work which handled the time-symmetric case, thus providing a construction of large classes of initial data for the many body problem in general relativity

Preparing for the future: A reappraisal of archaeo-geophysical surveying on Irish National Road Schemes 2001-2010

yesThis document reviews Legacy Data generated from 10 years’ worth of road scheme activity in Ireland to determine how archaeological geophysical surveys could be carried out on national roads in the future. The geophysical surveys were carried out by several different contractors across a range of challenging field conditions, geologies, weather and seasons. The research is based upon the results of linear schemes but also has validity for wider approaches. The findings of this research are based upon the compilation of all terrestrial archaeological geophysical surveys carried out on behalf of the National Roads Authority (NRA), a review of the success or otherwise of those surveys in comparison with ground-observed excavations and in combination with experimental surveys that tested previously held assumptions or knowledge to determine best practice methods for the future. The use and success of geophysical surveys in Ireland differ quite significantly from those in the UK, from where many of the methods of assessment were derived or adapted. Many of these differences can be attributed to geology. Ireland has a very high percentage of Carboniferous limestone geology, overlain mostly by tills and frequent occurrences of peat. These soils can reduce, to some extent, the effectiveness of magnetometer surveys; the most frequently used geophysical technique in Ireland. However, magnetometer data can be maximised in these cases by increasing the spatial resolution to produce effective results. An increase in spatial resolution is also effective generally, for enhancing the chances of identifying archaeological features by discriminating between archaeological and geological anomalies as well as increasing anomaly definition and visualisation of small and subtle archaeological features. Seasonal tests have determined that Irish soils are generally suitable for year round earth resistance assessments although some counties in the southeast of the country may experience very dry soils at the surface during some periods of the year. A variety of sampling strategies were used in the past, however it is now apparent that detailed assessments across the full length and width of a proposed road corridor are the most appropriate form of geophysical investigation. Magnetometer surveys are generally suitable for most Irish soils and geologies, although exceptions apply in areas of near-surface igneous deposits, deep peat and alluvial soils; however magnetometer surveys are not capable of identifying all types of archaeological features and other methods will be required for a full evaluation. Analysis of the Legacy Data has determined that in general the NRA archaeological geophysical surveys were historically used in a very positive way on road schemes. The range of features assessed or identified account for most types of archaeological sites in Ireland. These have provided a significant archive of case studies that will be of benefit to future archaeological geophysical research and will help to protect the globally dwindling archaeological resource that is threatened by development-led or commercially driven projects

Studies on lantern fish (Benthosema pterotum) 2. Nutritional evaluation

Various methods for processing and utilization of lantern fish (Benthosema pterotum) are reported. Nutritional evaluation of fish meal and fish hydrolysate from lantern fish has been carried out. Growth rate and PER of lantern fish meal are similar and better than that of the reference protein, casein. Lantern fish meal can therefore be extensively used for the formulation of poultry, fish and other animal feeds as a good protein supplement with beneficial effects

A reappraisal of archaeological geophysical surveys on Irish road corridors 2001-2010. With particular reference to the influence of geological, seasonal and archaeological variables

Geophysical surveys in the Republic of Ireland and elsewhere rarely have the opportunity to receive direct, meaningful and quantitative feedback from ground observed excavations, despite their frequent occurrence as a subsequent phase of development-led archaeological projects. This research critically reappraises the largest and most coherent geophysical archive maintained by a single end-user over a ten year period. The geophysical archive has been collated from 170 reports on linear road schemes as a result of commercially-driven assessments in Ireland, to facilitate the biggest analysis of geophysical survey legacy data and subsequent detailed excavations. The analysis of the legacy data archive has reviewed and tested the influence of key variables that have, in some circumstances, affected the methods and outcomes of geophysical assessments in Ireland over the last 10 years. By understanding the impact of those key variables upon the legacy data - which include archaeological feature type, geology, sampling strategy and seasonality - appropriate and new ways to research linear corridors have been suggested that should be employed in future geophysical survey assessments for a range of environments and archaeological site types. The comprehensive analysis of geophysical surveys from the legacy data archive has created definitive statements regarding the validity of geophysical techniques in Ireland. Key failures that occurred in the past have been identified and a thorough investigation of new and novel techniques or methods of survey will facilitate a more robust approach to geophysical survey strategies in the future. The outcomes of this research are likely to have ramifications beyond the Irish road corridors from which the legacy data derives.National Roads Authority (NRA

Effect of Heat Treatment and Sulfuric Acid Anodization on Corrosion Resistance of Aluminum Alloy (AA7075)

This paper, studied the effect of heat treatment and anodization on corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy 7075 (AA7075), with a view to improving its corrosion resistance. Microstructure and micro hardness of the anodic film of the samples were studied with the aid of optical metallurgical microscope and automated micro hardness testing machine. Linear polarization methods were used to assess the corrosion behaviour of the alloy in 0.5M HCl. The microstructure of the annealed sample showed formation of dendrites while precipitation hardened samples in palm kernel oil and SAE 40 engine oil showed precipitates of MgZn2. The SEMS result showed pores and micro cracks on the surfaces of the anodized samples, with the as cast and anodized sample in sulfuric acid exhibiting most compact with few pores. The as cast and sulfuric acid anodized sample shows highest micro hardness value of 205.33 HV, while the least value of 150.67 HV was recorded in sample precipitation hardened in SAE 40 engine oil and anodized in sulfuric acid. Analysis of the potentiodynamic polarization data and curves showed a linear relationship (decrease in icorr, decreases the corrosion rate) between current density and the corrosion rate in all the samples. Higher polarization resistance of 15.093 Ω/cm2 was recorded by the as cast and Sulfuric acid (SA) anodized sample while the precipitation treated in SAE 40 engine oil plus SA anodized sample recorded lowest polarization resistance of 5.2311 Ω/cm2. Heat treatment alone improves corrosion resistance of AA 7075 in 0.5 M HCl solution but heat treatment plus SA anodization does not improve corrosion resistance in the same environment

Arms and the Boy: On the New Festival Calendar from Arkadia

Une tablette contenant une longue inscription de la période archaïque, provenant d’Arcadie et apparue sur le marché des antiquités, a été publiée « préliminairement » en 2015. Le présent article a pour objet : (1) d’offrir une nouvelle édition du texte — après autopsie et en utilisant deux photographies — ainsi que (2) une traduction anglaise. Comme l’inscription contient une multitude de détails linguistiques et rituels, pour certains inusités, on propose également: (3) un commentaire suivi de ligne en ligne, ainsi que (4) une analyse de la graphie et du dialecte. Développant ce commentaire, une autre section de l’article (5) offre une analyse typologique du texte, l’identifiant comme un calendrier d’une fête de trois jours (τριανβρίς), répétée selon différent cycles (annuel, bisannuel/triétérique, et énnéatérique). Plusieurs communautés, sanctuaires, et divinités (en particulier, semble-t-il, Zeus), étaient impliqués dans cette fête. En guise de conclusion, un Envoi tente d’offrir une appréciation générale du contenu de la tablette: émanant peut-être du sanctuaire du Mont Lycée ou de Méthydrion, le règlement était étroitement lié aux mythes arcadiens concernant la naissance de Zeus. Plus spécialement, tous les huit ans, la défense armée de sa mère Rhéa était célébrée (il s’agit des Hoplodmia), annonçant la venue au monde du nouveau roi des dieux.In 2015, a tablet containing an archaic inscription of considerable length from Arkadia, which had appeared on the antiquities market, was “pre-published”. The present article offers: (1) a new edition of the text from autopsy and two photographs, along with (2) an English translation. Since the inscription contains many unusual linguistic and ritual details, an extensive line-by-line commentary on the text (3), as well as a study of the script and dialect (4), are also proposed. Developing this commentary, a further section (5) offers an analysis of the typology of the text, identifying it as a calendar for a three-day (τριανβρίς) festival, which recurred in different cycles (annual, biennial/trieteric, and enneateric). This festival was concerned with multiple communities, sanctuaries, and deities, perhaps especially with Zeus. By way of conclusion (Envoi), an attempt at a general appraisal of the tablet is presented: issuing perhaps from the sanctuary of Mount Lykaion or from Methydrion, the regulation was closely linked to the Arkadian myths of the birth of Zeus. Every eight years in particular, the armed defense of his mother Rhea was celebrated (the Hoplodmia), announcing the rise of the new king of the gods

Teleportation-based number state manipulation with number sum measurement

We examine various manipulations of photon number states which can be implemented by teleportation technique with number sum measurement. The preparations of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen resources as well as the number sum measurement resulting in projection to certain Bell state may be done conditionally with linear optical elements, i.e., beam splitters, phase shifters and zero-one-photon detectors. Squeezed vacuum states are used as primary entanglement resource, while single-photon sources are not required.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, Misprints are corrected. 3 figures for number sum measurement are added. Discussion on manipulations are expanded. Calculations for success probabilities are added. Fig.4 is adde

Asymptotic gluing of asymptotically hyperbolic solutions to the Einstein constraint equations

We show that asymptotically hyperbolic solutions of the Einstein constraint equations with constant mean curvature can be glued in such a way that their asymptotic regions are connected.Comment: 37 pages; 2 figure

Quasilinear hyperbolic Fuchsian systems and AVTD behavior in T2-symmetric vacuum spacetimes

We set up the singular initial value problem for quasilinear hyperbolic Fuchsian systems of first order and establish an existence and uniqueness theory for this problem with smooth data and smooth coefficients (and with even lower regularity). We apply this theory in order to show the existence of smooth (generally not analytic) T2-symmetric solutions to the vacuum Einstein equations, which exhibit AVTD (asymptotically velocity term dominated) behavior in the neighborhood of their singularities and are polarized or half-polarized.Comment: 78 page