Sensitivity to Dopamine D1/D2 Receptor Stimulation in Mice Lacking Connexin-32 or Connexin-36

Previous work has shown D1/D2 requisite synergism can still occur in the striatum in the absence of action potentials. Some nonclassical communication such as gap junctions may be allowing the segregated dopamine (DA) receptors to interact to produce stereotyped motor activity. Connexin-32 (Cx32) and connexin-36 (Cx36) were targeted for study due to their abundance in neural tissues and presence in the striatum. Mice lacking either the Cx32 or Cx36 gene and their respective wildtype littermates were compared on a climbing behavior task used to gauge their dopaminergic activity after receiving either saline, D1 agonist, D2 agonist, or both D1 and D2 agonists. The results showed that D1/D2 requisite synergism was still intact in both strains of mice. The Cx32 WT mice displayed significantly greater scores than the KO mice in the D1/D2 treatment. The Cx36 mice did not display a significant genotype difference, but a trend was observed with the KO females having larger scores relative to WT females or to males of either genotype

Sensitivity to Dopamine D1/D2 Receptor Stimulation in Mice Lacking Connexin-32 or Connexin-36

Previous work has shown D1/D2 requisite synergism can still occur in the striatum in the absence of action potentials. Some nonclassical communication such as gap junctions may be allowing the segregated dopamine (DA) receptors to interact to produce stereotyped motor activity. Connexin-32 (Cx32) and connexin-36 (Cx36) were targeted for study due to their abundance in neural tissues and presence in the striatum. Mice lacking either the Cx32 or Cx36 gene and their respective wildtype littermates were compared on a climbing behavior task used to gauge their dopaminergic activity after receiving either saline, D1 agonist, D2 agonist, or both D1 and D2 agonists. The results showed that D1/D2 requisite synergism was still intact in both strains of mice. The Cx32 WT mice displayed significantly greater scores than the KO mice in the D1/D2 treatment. The Cx36 mice did not display a significant genotype difference, but a trend was observed with the KO females having larger scores relative to WT females or to males of either genotype

Letter from James McKenna to John Muir, 1897 Apr 25.

Office of the Attorney General,Washington, D.C.April 25. 1897. Mr. John Muir,Martinez, California. My dear Sir:-Your letter of the 29th. ultimo containing resolutions regarding the forests has been received. I note what you say and will recall in connection therewith my conversation with you in San Francisco. At that time there was at least a possibility of my going in the Interior but as Mr. Bliss has been appointed to that Department I have forwarded your letter to him.Yours truly.[illegible]0227

Project Beach Funk

The beach is great - the sand, the sea, the salt... the sand. Except when it follows you home. You know what we\u27re talking about - those nitty gritty bits of beach funk that you just cannot seem to remove, the ones that remain long after the memories of that glorious beach day has faded. Thus, Project Beach Funk was born. The focus of the project quickly changed from the prevention of sand, to the removal of sand. The largest problem area seemed to be the feet and legs, as they were the biggest culprits for carrying sand into the car or home. The idea of combining a brush and an air compressor to remove sand from the feet/legs came up, and testing ensued. Air blown at 40 PSI gave the desired results - removing excess sand, and drying the remaining fine bits so they could be easily swept away by the brush. The most efficient brush proved to be a rotating facial cleanser, as the bristles were firm enough to remove sand, yet still gentle on the skin. Improvements on the design of the Sand Be Gone, or SBG for short, would include an updated head with a longer air compressor hose, and a larger gearbox housing with room for the air nozzle to be placed in the middle of the brush. A new plastic head for the brush would need to be created to house the larger gearbox and air nozzle combination, and a grooved handle design would be incorporated to increase grippage of the handle. The redesign is currently being created in CATIA

Use of a student response system in Primary Schools — an empirical study

This paper reports a pilot study for a student response system (SRS) used in an English school. The technology used is the “Wireless Response System” – WRS developed at Huddersfield University, and the learning activities were conducted in Mathematics and English classes. The main concepts – activity based, problem based and opinion based learning – are adopted into the study. A case study was the method used in the investigation. The results show that the system is suitable for different sizes groups of users, who may choose their preferred question types. The school claims the use of WRS was successful, evidenced by the data collected, and the children and teachers were interested in using it. We conclude that the SRS can assist teachers in classroom teaching at primary school level, especially in the observations of engagement and effectiveness of students’ learning

Intracellar signalling in the HGT-1 gastric cell line and in rat isolated parietal cells

The work presented in this thesis was undertaken to increase understanding of the intracellular mechanisms regulating acid secretion by gastric parietal cells. Investigation of the effects of protein kinase C on secretory activity induced by a variety of agents was a major objective. A further aim was to establish the sites at which epidermal growth factor (EGF) acts to stimulate prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production and to inhibit acid secretion. These investigations were carried out by using the HGT-1 human gastric cancer cell line and freshly isolated rat parietal cells. In HGT-1 cells, the cyclic AMP response to histamine and to truncated glucagon-like peptide 1 (TGLP-1) was reduced when protein kinase C was activated by 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA). Receptor-binding studies and experiments in which cyclic AMP production in HGT-1 cells was stimulated by gastric inhibitory polypeptide, cholera toxin and forskolin suggested that the effect of TPA was mediated by uncoupling of the histamine H2 receptor from the guanine nucleotide regulatory protein Gs, possibly by phosphorylation of the receptor. An involvement of protein kinase C α in this effect was suggested because an antibody to this isoform specifically prevented the inhibitory effects of TPA on histamine-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in a membrane fraction prepared from HGT-1 cells. Carbachol-stimulated secretory activity in parietal cells was specifically inhibited by Ro 31-8220, a bisindolylmaleimide inhibitor of protein kinase C. Thus protein kinase C may play a role in the activation of the secretory response to carbachol. In parietal cells prelabelled with [3H]-arachidonic acid or [3H]myristic acid, EGF did not affect [3H]-fatty acid or [3H] - diacylglycerol content. No evidence for effects of EGF on phosphatidylinositol glycan-specific phospholipase C, phospholipase A2 or on low Km cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activities were found