The Planning And The Operating Career Of Staff

Práce se zabývá systémem rozvoje kariéry zaměstnanců. Vychází z činností a subjektů, které jsou součástí tohoto systému. Zmiňuje se o etapách života lidí, které se prolínají s pracovní kariérou jedinců. Věnuje se i dalším faktorům, které působí na vývoj pracovní kariéry. Dále uvádí procesy plánování a řízení kariéry, které jsou součástí personálních činností. Na závěr se snaží teorii ověřit i porovnáním s praxí

Interaction on an additive scale between the effects of parasites on the prevalence of ACE.

<p>^*Interaction could not be determined for <i>O. volvulus</i> and <i>P. falciparum</i> co-infection as there were no cases of ACE with exposure to <i>O. volvulus</i> infection without exposure to <i>P. falciparum</i>.</p><p>+RERI adjusted for age, sex, study site, education (none, primary, or secondary and above), employment, marital status and exposure to other assayed infections. A positive RERI indicates that the combined effect of the two parasites is greater than the sum of the individual effects.</p

Antibody levels to <i>Onchocerca volvulus, Toxocara canis, Toxoplasma gondii</i> and <i>Plasmodium falciparum.</i>

<p>Mean antibody levels in cases and controls and by age category in A. <i>Onchocerca volvulus</i> B. <i>Toxocara canis</i> C. <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> D. <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>. Bars indicate 95% confidence intervals. Pooled data from all study sites.</p

Association between ACE and high antibody levels to <i>O. volvulus, T. canis, T. gondii</i> and <i>P. falciparum</i>.

<p>Association between the top antibody tertile to <i>Onchocerca volvulus</i>, <i>Toxocara canis</i>, <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> and <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> and prevalence of ACE using pooled data from the five study sites. Age, sex, study-site, education, employment and marital status adjusted odds ratios. Dotted line represents an odds ratio of one and bars indicate 95% confidence intervals.</p

Association between ACE and antibody levels to <i>Onchocerca volvulus, Toxocara canis, Toxoplasma gondii</i> and <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> across all study sites.

#<p>Logistic regression model included age, sex, study site, education (none, primary, or secondary and above), employment and marital status.</p><p>*Tested in 3 endemic sites: Ifakara, Iganga and Kintampo.</p><p>** Odds ratio compares mid and top tertile with lowest tertile</p

Association between exposure to multiple infections and prevalence of ACE.

#<p>Logistic regression model included age, sex, study site, education (none, primary, or secondary and above), employment, marital status and exposure to other assayed infections. The odds ratio is comparing odds of being a case in co-infected versus uninfected.</p

Table showing the seropositivity to six different infections and association with ACE in the five study sites.

<p>*Odds ratio (OR) adjusted for age, sex, study site, education (none, primary, or secondary and above), employment and marital status.</p><p>**Odds ratio (OR) adjusted for age, sex, education (none, primary, or secondary and above), employment and marital status. na- not applicable.</p

Incidence, remission and mortality of convulsive epilepsy in rural northeast South Africa

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological conditions globally, estimated to constitute 0.75% of the global burden of disease, with the majority of this burden found in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs). Few studies from LMICs, including much of sub-Saharan Africa, have described the incidence, remission or mortality rates due to epilepsy, which are needed to quantify the burden and inform policy. This study investigates the epidemiological parameters of convulsive epilepsy within a context of high HIV prevalence and an emerging burden of cardiovascular disease.; A cross-sectional population survey of 82,818 individuals, in the Agincourt Health and Socio-demographic Surveillance Site (HDSS) in rural northeast South Africa was conducted in 2008, from which 296 people were identified with active convulsive epilepsy. A follow-up survey was conducted in 2012. Incidence and mortality rates were estimated, with duration and remission rates calculated using the DISMOD II software package.; The crude incidence for convulsive epilepsy was 17.4/100,000 per year (95%CI: 13.1-23.0). Remission was 4.6% and 3.9% per year for males and females, respectively. The standardized mortality ratio was 2.6 (95%CI: 1.7-3.5), with 33.3% of deaths directly related to epilepsy. Mortality was higher in men than women (adjusted rate ratio (aRR) 2.6 (95%CI: 1.2-5.4)), and was significantly associated with older ages (50+ years versus those 0-5 years old (RR 4.8 (95%CI: 0.6-36.4)).; The crude incidence was lower whilst mortality rates were similar to other African studies; however, this study found higher mortality amongst older males. Efforts aimed at further understanding what causes epilepsy in older people and developing interventions to reduce prolonged seizures are likely to reduce the overall burden of ACE in rural South Africa

Clinical features, proximate causes, and consequences of active convulsive epilepsy in Africa.

PURPOSE: Epilepsy is common in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), but the clinical features and consequences are poorly characterized. Most studies are hospital-based, and few studies have compared different ecological sites in SSA. We described active convulsive epilepsy (ACE) identified in cross-sectional community-based surveys in SSA, to understand the proximate causes, features, and consequences. METHODS: We performed a detailed clinical and neurophysiologic description of ACE cases identified from a community survey of 584,586 people using medical history, neurologic examination, and electroencephalography (EEG) data from five sites in Africa: South Africa; Tanzania; Uganda; Kenya; and Ghana. The cases were examined by clinicians to discover risk factors, clinical features, and consequences of epilepsy. We used logistic regression to determine the epilepsy factors associated with medical comorbidities. KEY FINDINGS: Half (51%) of the 2,170 people with ACE were children and 69% of seizures began in childhood. Focal features (EEG, seizure types, and neurologic deficits) were present in 58% of ACE cases, and these varied significantly with site. Status epilepticus occurred in 25% of people with ACE. Only 36% received antiepileptic drugs (phenobarbital was the most common drug [95%]), and the proportion varied significantly with the site. Proximate causes of ACE were adverse perinatal events (11%) for onset of seizures before 18 years; and acute encephalopathy (10%) and head injury prior to seizure onset (3%). Important comorbidities were malnutrition (15%), cognitive impairment (23%), and neurologic deficits (15%). The consequences of ACE were burns (16%), head injuries (postseizure) (1%), lack of education (43%), and being unmarried (67%) or unemployed (57%) in adults, all significantly more common than in those without epilepsy. SIGNIFICANCE: There were significant differences in the comorbidities across sites. Focal features are common in ACE, suggesting identifiable and preventable causes. Malnutrition and cognitive and neurologic deficits are common in people with ACE and should be integrated into the management of epilepsy in this region. Consequences of epilepsy such as burns, lack of education, poor marriage prospects, and unemployment need to be addressed