Performance Analysis of a VPV/FC Hybrid System for Generating Electricity in Iraq's Remote Areas

A reliable electrical energy supply is a prerequisite for improving the standard economic and quality of life levels in a country. As is the case in many countries, Iraq is home to a collection of remote villages. Since it is uneconomical to connect these villages to the existing grid, the installation of stand-alone electrical power generators has become common practice. As a result, diesel stand-alone power generators see widespread use in these remote locales, which, whilst fit for their intended purpose, unfortunately suffer from several drawbacks, including instability in regards to everyday oil prices and a number of environmental issues. The implementation of a PV/FC hybrid power system could be one potential alternative to help solve these problems. Therefore, this paper will present PV/FC system control strategies alongside information relating to the performance of such system components, based on a case study that was conducted in Al-Gowair, Iraq. This study is especially important in terms of envisioning the future energy supply needs of Iraq. The HOMER simulation results showed that by using the proposed control strategies and suggested components of a PV/FC system, it was able to produce a satisfactory outcome

Automatic maintenance of substation ground resistance

The main purpose of power system substation grounding system is to maintain reliable operation and provide protection for personnel and apparatus during fault condition. However, in practice, ground resistance value of the substation often did not meet the required value. It can result in serious failures such as apparatus malfunction and lost revenue This paper presents a prototype for automatic monitoring and maintenance of those grounding systems. It basically consists of a PC, terminal measurement unit, data acquisition unit, and relay board. It measures the grounding resistance and has the ability to actuate a fluid sprinkler system at the substation grounding system thus improving and maintaining substation grounding system resistance at an acceptable level. This system will ultimately increase the reliability and efficiency of a substation particularly when under transient overvoltage due to switching and lightning phenomena by reducing lethal ground potential ris

Context Knowledge: Supporting Designers' Information Search in the Early Design Phases

Large amounts of data, information and knowledge are used during a design process. And it is proven from past researches that the absence of context is one of the reasons of the difficulties of utilizing data, information and knowledge in a design. This research work explored the concept of context that has been used in various domains and applications, and searched for the role of context in a design process. The concept of context understood and developed in this study then, was implemented in a system called Contextual Design Information Retrieval System (CDIRS), that aimed at supporting designers' information search in the early design phases. This system was successfully evaluated by potential end users and by experts.Industrial Design Engineerin

Electrical potential distribution in polymethyl methacrylate-graphene oxide nanocomposites

Research work of polymer nanocomposites in high voltage insulator becomes interest nowadays. Polymer based and nanofillers are the core components in polymer nanocomposites. By adding such a big amount of nanofiller it would enhance the electrical and mechanical properties of polymers. However as for today, a little percentage of nanofiller concentration could dramatically enhanced the properties of the polymeric material. Recent research of graphene oxide (GO) nanofiller has brought to this project interest. This paper presents several methods that have been published to development PMMA (poly methyl methacrylate)/GO nanocomposites and a simulation of PMMA/GO in order to investigate the potential distribution

English

Water scarcity and water contamination are among the most challenging global issues today. Wastewater discharged into water bodies that are not appropriately managed causes a decrease in water quality, one of which is laundry wastewater which contains many hazardous materials resulting from the use of detergents and clothes deodorizers. This wastewater pollution management control uses a repeated filtration system with activated carbon as the main ingredient. This aims to determine the effectiveness of reducing the concentration of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), water turbidity, and odor level. Activated carbon effectively reduced the COD number from 964 Mg/L to 14 Mg/L. The turbidity level of water decreased from 302 to 2.29 on the NTU scale. This shows that a simple filtration system with activated carbon as the main ingredient for laundry wastewater treatment is very efficient in reducing COD levels, water turbidity levels, and odors from wastewater.Kelangkaan air dan pencemaran air adalah salah satu masalah global yang paling menantang saat ini. Air limbah yang dibuang ke badan air yang tidak dikelola dengan baik menyebabkan penurunan kualitas air, salah satunya adalah air limbah laundry yang banyak mengandung bahan berbahaya akibat penggunaan deterjen dan pewangi pakaian. Pengendalian pencemaran air limbah ini menggunakan sistem penyaringan berulang dengan karbon aktif sebagai bahan utamanya. Hal ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas penurunan konsentrasi Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), kekeruhan air, dan tingkat bau. Karbon aktif efektif menurunkan angka COD dari 964 Mg/L menjadi 14 Mg/L. Tingkat kekeruhan air menurun dari 302 menjadi 2,29 skala NTU. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem filtrasi sederhana dengan karbon aktif sebagai bahan utama pengolahan air limbah laundry sangat efisien dalam menurunkan kadar COD, tingkat kekeruhan air, dan bau dari air limbah