Alat Perangkap Hama Serangga Padi Sawah Menggunakan Cahaya dari Tenaga Surya

Untuk mengendalikan hama serangga yang ramah lingkungan, dirancang sebuah alat perangkap hama serangga pada padi sawah dengan menggunakan cahaya dari tenaga surya dengan sumber listrik dari tenaga surya. Alat ini menggunakan panel surya 10 Wp - 12 V dengan baterai 12 V - 7 Ah. Alat ini menggunakan lampu LED 5 watt dan dapat bertahan selama 14 jam. Alat ini bekerja secara otomatis karena menggunakan sensor LDR (cahaya) untuk menghidupkan lampu secara otomatis. Alat memanfaatkan keterkaitan hama serangga yang tertarik dengan cahaya. Secara alami hama serangga mudah tertarik dengan cahaya. Berdasarkan pengujian yang dilakukan di persawahan warga di Kandang Lamo, Kec. Harau, hama serangga yang tertangkap adalah walang sangit (leptocorica acuta), kepinding tanah (scotinophora coarctata), kepik hijau (nezara viridula), penggerek batang padi putih (scripophaga innotata) dan belalang (caelifera)

Extraction transformation load (ETL) solution for data integration: a case study of rubber import and export information

Data integration is important in consolidating all the data in the organization or outside the organization to provide a unified view of the organization's information. Extraction Transformation Load (ETL) solution is the back-end process of data integration which involves collecting data from various data sources, preparing and transforming the data according to business requirements and loading them into a Data Warehouse (DW). This paper explains the integration of the rubber import and export data between Malaysian Rubber Board (MRB) and Royal Malaysian Customs Department (Customs) using the ETL solution. Microsoft SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS) and Microsoft SQL Server Agent Jobs have been used as the ETL tool and ETL scheduling

Urgensi Kehadiran Hukum Keluarga di Aceh

A valid marriage according to the religion, but not legal under state law led to marriage is not legal protection, so that the rights are owned by the family unprotected. Additionally, family law arrangements are still voluntary, can cause difficulties in realizing the goal of law that works to protect the rights of every person in family relationships. The issue of family law at the present time needs serious and comprehensive arrangement, namely the presence of family law in Aceh. Family law has a crucial role in regulating the various issues ranging from the establishment of a family to provide guarantees for the fulfillment of the rights possessed by each member of the family.IntisariPerkawinan yang sah menurut agama, tetapi tidak sah menurut hukum negara menyebabkan perkawinan tidak mendapatkan perlindungan hukum, sehingga hak-hak yang dimiliki oleh keluarga tidak terlindungi. Selain itu, pengaturan hukum keluarga yang masih bersifat fakultatif, dapat menyebabkan kesulitan dalam mewujudkan tujuan hukum yang berfungsi untuk melindungi hak-hak yang dimiliki oleh setiap orang dalam hubungan keluarga. Persoalan hukum keluarga pada masa kini perlu pengaturan secara serius dan komprehensif, yakni kehadiran Hukum Keluarga di Aceh. Hukum keluarga memiliki peranan yang krusial dalam mengatur pelbagai permasalahan mulai dari pembentukan sebuah keluarga hingga memberikan jaminan atas terpenuhinya hak-hak yang dimiliki oleh masing-masing anggota keluarga

Rancang Bangun Alat Panjat Kelapa Portable

Pemanjatan kelapa umumnya dilakukan secara tradisional yaitu dengan memanjat pohon kelapa secara langsung tanpa menggunakan alat. Pemanjatan secara langsung mempunyai resiko kecelakaan yang besar, karena tidak adanya pengaman saat memanjat. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut dirancang sebuah alat panjat kelapa portable yang aman, nyaman dan mudah dioperasikan karena dilengkapai dengan safety belt. Alat ini bekerja melalui efek jeratan pada pohon kelapa Berdasarkan pengujian yang dilakukan, didapatkan hasil kecepatan pemanjatan dengan alat panjat kelapa portable ini adalah 0.27 meter/detik, kecepatan pemetikan 3 detik/buah dan biaya pokok alat Rp. 8,02 /meter. Dengan alat ini pemanjat lebih bebas menggunakan kedua tangan dalam membersihkan tajuk kelapa dan pemetikannya karena tubuh kita ditopang/ditahan oleh safety belt. Secara umum alat ini efektif digunakan untuk melakukan pemanjatan kelapa

Preliminary post findings in BPPV patients presenting with normal vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain and observable saccades using video head impulse test (vHIT)

Introduction: Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is a common peripheral hypofunction reported in dizzy clinics and is mostly dependant on positional manoeuvres for diagnosis and intervention. Although video head impulse test (vHIT) is not warranted in BPPV cases however due to the subjectivity of patients’ reports, it is sometimes performed on patients to exclude potential vestibular ocular reflex (VOR) deficits. Objective: Observe differentiation patterns of VOR gain and possible corrective eye movements in patients with BPPV using vHIT. Method: Two male and five female participants with BPPV were tested using vHIT. Three patients out of the seven who were relieved from post Canalith Repositioning Procedure (CRP) were tested again with vHIT. Ten responses for each semicircular canal stimulation were recorded for every participant by making small unpredictable head movements. Results: VOR gain for all canal stimulations were found to be within the normal range. All participants showed consistent pre-treatment corrective saccadic eye movements with gain between 0.12 to 1.35 and latency of onset between 80 to 220 milliseconds after vHIT was initiated. All saccades were recorded in lateral canals only despite patients presenting with anterior or posterior canal BPPV. Post-treatment vHIT findings showed that the saccades have diminished for two participants while a participant showed reduced saccades. Conclusions: Rapid head thrusts could trigger VOR adjustments in patients with dislodged otoconia such in BPPV cases. Further investigation is necessary to validate the potential use of vHIT as a tool to supplement findings via manoeuvres especially to check the effectiveness of CRP

Prediction of far-field acoustic emissions from cavitation clouds during shock wave lithotripsy for development of a clinical device

This study presents the key simulation and decision stage of a multi-disciplinary project to develop a hospital device for monitoring the effectiveness of kidney stone fragmentation by shock wave lithotripsy (SWL). The device analyses, in real time, the pressure fields detected by sensors placed on the patient's torso, fields generated by the interaction of the incident shock wave, cavitation, kidney stone and soft tissue. Earlier free-Lagrange simulations of those interactions were restricted (by limited computational resources) to computational domains within a few centimetres of the stone. Later studies estimated the far-field pressures generated when those interactions involved only single bubbles. This study extends the free-Lagrange method to quantify the bubble–bubble interaction as a function of their separation. This, in turn, allowed identification of the validity of using a model of non-interacting bubbles to obtain estimations of the far-field pressures from 1000 bubbles distributed within the focus of the SWL field. Up to this point in the multi-disciplinary project, the design of the clinical device had been led by the simulations. This study records the decision point when the project's direction had to be led by far more costly clinical trials instead of the relatively inexpensive simulations. <br/

Phytochemical Screening and In vitro Evaluation of Pharmacological Activities of Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall) Parker Fruit Extracts

Purpose: To investigate the crude n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Aphanamixis polystachya fruit for their cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antioxidant and thrombolytic activities.Methods: The fruit extracts were screened for major phytochemical compounds using in vitro established procedures. Antimicrobial and cytotoxic studies of the fruit extracts were conducted using disc diffusion and brine shrimp lethality bioassay methods, respectively, while an in vitro thrombolytic model was used to assess the clot lysis effect of the extracts with streptokinase as positive control. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by free radical scavenging activity using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide assay as well as total phenolic content.Results: The fruit extracts were a rich source of phytochemicals and among the extracts n-hexane extract showed highest antimicrobial activity against Shigella dysenteriae (zone of inhibition: 9.7±0.2 mm) and Candida albicans (zone of inhibition: 8.8±0.3 mm) at a concentration of 1000ìg/disc, whereas at the same concentration methanol extract showed highest zone of inhibition, 10.1±0.4mm, against Staphylococcus aureus. Compared to potassium permanganate with a median lethal concentration(LC50) of 13.23 ìg/ml in the brine shrimp lethality assay, the LC50 of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were 15.77, 17.51 and 141.37 ìg/ml, respectively. All the extracts showed significant clot lysis activity (p &lt; 0.001) with reference to negative control and % clot lysis of the extracts were approximately 13. Notable antioxidant activity of the methanol extract was observed unlike the other extracts.Conclusion: The results of the study demonstrated the potential cytotoxic, thrombolytic and antioxidant activities of the fruit extracts of A.  polystachya and therefore further studies on the isolation and identification of active principles are required.Keywords: Aphanamixis polystachya, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Thrombolytic, Phytochemical screenin

Mangrove and Seagrass Beds Provide Different Biogeochemical Services for Corals Threatened by Climate Change

Rapidly rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations are driving acidification in parallel with warming of the oceans. Future ocean acidification scenarios have the potential to impact coral growth and associated reef function, although reports suggest such affects could be reduced in adjacent seagrass habitats as a result of physio-chemical buffering. To-date, it remains unknown whether these habitats can actually support the metabolic function of a diverse range of corals. Similarly, whether mangroves provide the same ecological buffering service remains unclear. We examine whether reef-associated habitat sites (seagrass and mangroves) can act as potential refugia to future climate change by maintaining favorable chemical conditions (elevated pH and aragonite saturation state relative to the open-ocean), but by also assessing whether the metabolic function (photosynthesis, respiration and calcification) of important reef-building corals are sustained. We investigated three sites in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans and consistently observed that seagrass beds experience an overall elevation in mean pH (8.15 ± 0.01) relative to the adjacent outer-reef (8.12 ± 0.03), but with periods of high and low pH. Corals in the seagrass habitats either sustained calcification or experienced an average reduction of 17.0 ± 6.1% relative to the outer-reef. In contrast, mangrove habitats were characterized by a low mean pH (8.04 ± 0.01) and a relatively moderate pH range. Corals within mangrove-dominated habitats were thus pre-conditioned to low pH but with significant suppression to calcification (70.0 ± 7.3% reduction relative to the outer-reef). Both habitats also experienced more variable temperatures (diel range up to 2.5°C) relative to the outer-reef (diel range less than 0.7°C), which did not correspond with changes in calcification rates. Here we report, for the first time, the biological costs for corals living in reef-associated habitats and characterize the environmental services these habitats may play in potentially mitigating the local effects of future ocean acidification

A New Threshold Estimation Method of SEMG Wavelet De-noising for Prolonged Fatigue Identification

In sports training, fatigue management is very important to avoid muscle injury and chronic fatigue syndrome. It occurs due to untreated normal fatigue (NF) which leads to a higher level of fatigue. This paper refers to the higher level of fatigue condition as prolonged fatigue (PF). Fatigue can be identified based on musculoskeletal, physiological, psychological, immunological and endocrinal system condition. Presently, musculoskeletal or muscle condition can be accessed quantitatively based on an invasive technique known as biopsies. It is accurate to evaluate muscle condition, but not suitable for frequent measurements. The non-invasive method used through self-evaluation tools such as questionnaire is not a quantitative measurement and sometimes is difficult to quantify. There are other non-invasive methods to evaluate muscle condition known as surface electromyography (SEMG). Before this, SEMG were only widely used to classify between non-fatigue and NF conditions. However, NF prediction might not be accurate and suitable to be used on athletes since they are required to undergo high-intensive training every day and this involves PF condition. Recently, SEMG signals characteristics found out to be able to evaluate ionic concentration changes in the muscle due to intensive training. The signals characteristics are different compared to NF identification. Therefore, high quality SEMG plays an important role in PF detection to avoid misinterpretation. In this study, twenty healthy participants were recruited and performed five consecutive days of intensive training to induce PF symptoms. The training was based on Bruce Protocol treadmill test and SEMG data were collected from the participants’ rectus femoris muscle. This paper pre-processed SEMG signals using Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT) ‘db’ 45 with different threshold estimation techniques of de-noising such as RigRSURE, HeurSURE, minimax, universal threshold and a new estimation of threshold method. The new method able to overcome the limitation of conventional methods which estimate threshold based on statistical principles. Most importantly, the new method can preserve significant SEMG information, remove corner frequency and mitigate baseline noises. The performance of conventional and propose methods can then be evaluated based on PF classification performance. The de-noised signals extracted based on time, frequency and time-frequency features. Naïve Bayes classification results using time and frequency features indicate that the new estimation of threshold method with time and frequency features have the highest accuracy (98%), compared to RigRSURE (85%), HuerSURE (68%), Universal Threshold (74%) and minimax (76%) in PF identification

DEVELOPMENT OF ANTILOCK BRAKING SYSTEM USING ELECTRONIC WEDGE BRAKE MODEL

The development of an Antilock Braking System (ABS) using a quarter vehicle brake model and electronic wedge brake (EWB) actuator is presented. A quarter-vehicle model is derived and simulated in the longitudinal direction. The quarter vehicle brake model is then used to develop an outer loop control structure. Three types of controller are proposed for the outer loop controller. These are conventional PID, adaptive PID and fuzzy logic controller. The adaptive PID controller is developed based on model reference adaptive control (MRAC) scheme. Meanwhile, fuzzy logic controller is developed based on Takagi-Sugeno technique. A brake actuator model based on Gaussian cumulative distribution technique, known as Bell-Shaped curve is used to represent the real actuator. The inner loop controls the EWB model within the ABS control system. The performance of the ABS system is evaluated on stopping distance and longitudinal slip of vehicle. Fuzzy Logic controller shows good performance for ABS model by reducing the stopping distance up to 17.4% compared to the conventional PID and Adaptive PID control which are only 7.38% and 12.08%