Clinical and Metabolic Profile of Diabetes Mellitus in Children – One Year Cross-Sectional Study

Present study was aimed to study clinical presentations, metabolic profile, growth profile, type and prevalence of complications among the diabetic children. This Cross-sectional study was conducted among the 34 patients attending and admitted in our Hospital and District Hospital, Belgaum during the period of April – 04 to March -05. Patients with age less than 18 years and fasting blood sugar more than 126 mg/dl or random blood sugar more 200 mg/dl were included in the study. Patients with age more than 18 years were excluded from the study. All children attending our Hospital & M.R.C and District Hospital, Belgaum who are already diagnosed as Diabetes Mellitus were studied using a pre-designed and pre-tested proforma. Information was collected from the patient or attender or relative about sociodemographic profile, dietary intake and treatment history. In the present study 44.12% had onset of diabetes mellitus at 10 to 14 years age group with male to female ratio of 1.26:1. 20.51% had family history of diabetes and majority (41.18%) were from poor socio economic status. 73.33% were short statured in diabetic duration of more than one year and 31.57% in less than 1 year indicating growth deceleration. No children were obese and taller than the expected age group. 52.94% had poor glycemic control and was not influenced by duration of treatment as non compliance rates were high in the study. Majority presented with classical symptoms of polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia and diabetic ketoacidosis as initial presentation. 50% had recurrent hospitalization in diabetic duration of more than 1 year. Negligible incidence of chronic complication was noted in the present study

Analysis of the biceps brachii muscle by varying the arm movement level and load resistance band

Biceps brachii muscle illness is one of the common physical disabilities that requires rehabilitation exercises in order to build up the strength of the muscle after surgery. It is also important to monitor the condition of the muscle during the rehabilitation exercise through electromyography (EMG) signals. The purpose of this study was to analyse and investigate the selection of the best mother wavelet (MWT) function and depth of the decomposition level in the wavelet denoising EMG signals through the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) method at each decomposition level. In this experimental work, six healthy subjects comprised of males and females (26 ± 3.0 years and BMI of 22 ± 2.0) were selected as a reference for persons with the illness. The experiment was conducted for three sets of resistance band loads, namely, 5 kg, 9 kg, and 16 kg, as a force during the biceps brachii muscle contraction. Each subject was required to perform three levels of the arm angle positions (30°, 90°, and 150°) for each set of resistance band load. The experimental results showed that the Daubechies5 (db5) was the most appropriate DWT method together with a 6-level decomposition with a soft heursure threshold for the biceps brachii EMG signal analysis

Dielectric properties of electron irradiated PbZrO<SUB>3</SUB> thin films

The present paper deals with the study of the effects of electron (8 MeV) irradiation on the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of PbZrO3 thin films grown by sol-gel technique. The films were (0.62 &#181;m thick) subjected to electron irradiation using Microtron accelerator (delivered dose 80, 100, 120 kGy). The films were well crystallized prior to and after electron irradiation. However, local amorphization was observed after irradiation. There is an appreciable change in the dielectric constant after irradiation with different delivered doses. The dielectric loss showed significant frequency dispersion for both unirradiated and electron irradiated films. Tc was found to shift towards higher temperature with increasing delivered dose. The effect of radiation induced increase of &#949;'(T) is related to an internal bias field, which is caused by radiation induced charges trapped at grain boundaries. The double butterfly loop is retained even after electron irradiation to the different delivered doses. The broader hysteresis loop seems to be related to radiation induced charges causing an enhanced space charge polarization. Radiation-induced oxygen vacancies do not change the general shape of the AFE hysteresis loop but they increase Ps of the hysteresis at the electric field forced AFE to FE phase transition. We attribute the changes in the dielectric properties to the structural defects such as oxygen vacancies and radiation induced charges. The shift in TC, increase in dielectric constant, broader hysteresis loop, and increase in Pr can be related to radiation induced charges causing space charge polarization. Double butterfly and hysteresis loops were retained indicative of AFE nature of the films

Diabetes mellitus and smoking among tuberculosis patients in a tertiary care centre in Karnataka, India

Supported by the TB Union/MSF Course on Operational Researc

Effect of cystamine on sperm and antioxidant parameters of ram semen stored at 4 °C for 50 hours

Physical and chemical changes caused by oxidative stress in the spermatozoa membrane can reduce spermatozoa function and even lead to death. Cystamine (NH2-CH2-CH2-SH, β-mercaptoethylamine) is a natural substance that modulates the endocrine and metabolic status of animals. This substance has antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects by inducing intracellular cysteine accumulation. Cystamine is used to treat many diseases despite its many side effects. Sheep semen is sensitive to the stressful condition of chilling storage, which restricts semen storage for artificial insemination in commercial herds. The effect of cystamine on spermatogenesis is not yet fully understood. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of cysteamine addition to the sheep sperm extender during cooling storage on semen quality parameters. Sperm samples were collected from six Edilbayevskaya rams (2 and 3 years old, 70-85 kg). The samples were diluted by extender and supplemented with different concentrations of cysteamine (0, 1, 2, 5, and 10 mM) and cooled to 4ºC for 50 h. Motility parameters, membrane integrity, viability, lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial activity of cooled semen were evaluated at 0, 25, and 50 h of cooling storage. Although cysteamine failed to affect semen quality at start time (0 hrs), extender supplementation with cysteamine improved sperm total motility, progressive motility, and mitochondrial membrane potential during storage periods (P≤0.01). Moreover, using 1 and 2 mM cysteamine functionally and viably improved (P≤0.01) sperm membrane compared to other treatments. Antioxidant potential (AOP), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and total glutathione (tGSH) (except AOP at 50 h) were significantly different after semen storage at 4 °C. Therefore, levels of AOP and tGSH were significantly increased by using cysteamine. Cysteamine supplementation (1 and 2 mM cysteamine) leads to lower levels of LPO (p<0.01) at 0, 25, and 50 h. Therefore, finding and using the best concentrations of cysteamine in a cooling extender could be effective in saving sheep semen against damages of the cooling storage process

Development of Hybrid Photovoltaic-Wind System for LED Street Lighting

This paper presents the development of hybrid Photovoltaic (PV)-Wind system connected to light emitting diode (LED) street lighting as the load. The aim of this research is to analyze the energy performance from the combination of PV system and wind system which is hybrid system to the LED lamp as the load. In this project, the PV panel and wind turbine used to generate the energy and the output of the energy control by two equipments which are solar charger controller and hybrid charger controller. The output of both PV and wind connected with the battery as storage energy for this system. In this research, the PV system produces the best energy compared to the wind system and it is reliable to charge the battery of the system and supply to the loa

Sempadan dan pertikaian pemilikan tanah adat di Sarawak

Pertikaian pemilikan tanah adat secara jelasnya berpunca daripada tiga faktor utama iaitu status, kesahihan pemilikan dan keluasan sebenar tanah yang dimiliki. Konflik masyarakat berhubung dengan perkara tersebut boleh dikaitkan dengan cara informasi tanah diperoleh. Kebanyakan pemilik tanah adat mendapatkan informasi tanah milik mereka secara lisan iaitu melalui informasi mulut ke mulut. Hal ini akhirnya menjadi satu cabaran yang besar kepada masyarakat apabila timbul pelbagai anggapan dan intepretasi yang berbeza berkait dengan status dan kesahihan tanah adat yang dimiliki. Justeru kajian ini menelit i maklumbalas pemilik tanah adat berhubung dengan cara penentuan sempadan tanah dalam kalangan masyarakat Bidayuh di daerah Serian Sarawak. Selain itu kajian juga memberikan perhatian terhadap pertikaian persempadanan tanah adat serta impilkasinya dalam kalangan pemilik tanah adat. Maklumat yang berkait dengan tujuan kajian telah diperoleh melalui FGD serta temuselidik mendalam dengan pemilik tanah adat di kawasan kajian. Hasil kajian mendapati wujud beberapa cara penentuan sempadan dalam kalangan pemilik tanah. Sehubungan itu, dapat dirumuskan bahawa pertikaian tanah di kawasan kajian banyak didorong oleh isu status dan kesahihan pemilikan tanah yang dimiliki oleh pemilik tanah adat. Bagi mengurangkan konflik maka dicadangkan agar tanah-tanah yang ada dibuat sukatan oleh juruukur bertauliah. Apabila tanah telah disukat, pemilik tanah akan memperoleh surat hakmilik tanah yang lebih jelas dari segi status dan kesasihan pemilikan

Ultrasonic velocity and allied acoustical parameters of 2, 4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine based Schiff base in DMSO

1108-1112Novel 2, 4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine based Schiff bases (L1-L3) has been successfully synthesized and characterized. The ultrasonic velocity (C) and density (ρ) has been measured for the synthesized Schiff bases with DMSO (Dimethyl sulfoxide) solvents at 300 K. Using these experimental data ultrasonic Velocity, adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length and specific acoustic impedance have been evaluated. From the experimental data, it has been found that L1 ascribed higher ultrasonic velocity as compared to other molecular probes L2 and L3. The strength and nature of interaction between the molecular probes and DMSO solvents has been discussed. Scanning electron microscope studies of molecular probes are performed to discuss the microstructure and surface functionalities

Selective detection of fluoride and hydrogen sulfate anions by pyrimidine-based fluorescence chemosensor

1809-1813The binding and sensing abilities of pyrimidine based fluorescence chemosensor L towards different anions such as F-, Cl-, Br-, I-, NO3-, ClO4-, H2PO4- and HSO4- have been examined by fluorescence spectroscopy in DMSO-H2O (7: 3, v/v). Upon successive addition of various anions to DMSO-H2O solutions of L; quenching in emission fluorescence is observed at 480 nm. Analysis of fluorescence emission changes suggested the formation of 1:1 complex of L with the anions. From the fluorescence binding constant data, it is found that L form strong complexes with F- and HSO4- ions through H-bonding interactions. The selective response of F- over other halides and HSO4- amongst other oxo-anions towards L may be explained on the basis of photo-induced electron transfer process