An integrated framework to classify healthcare virtual communities

Healthcare (HC) strives to improve service quality through its cost-effective social computing strategy. However, sudden rise in the count of virtual community of practices (VCoPs) introduced many choices for physicians; As a result, it is not surprising to observe current literature reporting lack of study to investigate ideas integration within and between VCoPs. VCoPs need to be categorized for HC physicians so they will be able to pin-point effective a VC to attain assistance from. This paper is one of the first investigative studies, in HC sector, that proposed a framework to classify and pin-point appropriate VCoPs, for physicians, after it reviewed and analyzed traditional and up-to-date theoretical, empirical and case study literature in the area of social computing, knowledge management (KM) and VCoPs. The implementation of this framework pinpointed professional VCoPs as most appropriate for physicians based on strict requirements, i.e. closed physician communities holding many participants, which are older than 5 years with high boundary crossing. This framework is also a “one-size-fit-all” formula to build an organizational VCoP, utilizable by other business sectors

Sustainable water management in Iraq (Kurdistan) as a challenge for governmental responsibility

During the last few decades, a critical scarcity of water has occurred in the Middle East due to climate change and the mismanagement of water resources. The situation is complicated by the absence of an effective legislative framework at the local level as well as by the incapability and disrepute of the local water authorities. Most Iraqi citizens depend on the surface waters of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, which have their sources in upstream neighbouring countries. Water crises concerning the shared waters urgently require a solution at the international level. Unfortunately, Iraq has faced several wars in a row (1980-2003), which has prevented the country from establishing its institutions. The rapid increase in the population of the transboundary countries on the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and the high demands on agriculture, are accelerating water exploitation. In this paper, the present state of water management in Iraq from the viewpoint of the legislative framework, water balance, and transboundary issues will be discussed, with special attention to Kurdistan. Many legislative documents have been established or amended by the Iraqi and Kurdistan parliaments since 2003. In 2015, the Kurdistan Government Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources, in cooperation with the EU, issued a guide for environmental legislation related to all environmental components such as air, water, and soil. The recommendations on actions needed in the water management in Kurdistan will be presented; they are inspired by the Water Framework Directive (WFD) (2000/60/EC) implemented in EU member states.Web of Science1011art. no. 165

Eosinofil dan asma

Eosinophils are often found as dominant inflammatory cells present in the airways of asthma patients, but the importance of these white blood cells has been poorly understood. The eosinophil functional activity, like immune response in general may be beneficial or harmful for the organism. They could have an important role in the disordered repair that leads to permanently impaired function of airways tissue in asthmatic. This paper is a review focused on the relationship of eosinophil and their products with asthma

Errors Made by the Presenters of Thesis Proposal Seminar in English Study Program

This study is aimed to find out the types of errors made by the presenters of thesis proposal seminar based on Communicative Effect Taxonomy and to find out whether or not global errors of Communicative Effect Taxonomy made by the presenters of thesis proposal seminar significantly hinder communication between the presenters and the audiences. This study used qualitative approach since the data of this study was taken from 4 students\u27 presentations which were in the form of words rather than number and statistic. This study revealed that there were 188 errors committed by the students in which 179 and 9 erroneous utterances fall under local error and global error respectively. The local errors consist of 45 lexical errors, 93 morphological errors, and 41 syntactical errors. The global errors consist of 2 wrong order of major constituents, 1 missing, wrong, or misplaced sentence connectors, 1 missing, wrong, or misplaced sentence connectors, and 5 uncategorized global errors. As for the effect of global error to the audience, the writer found out that the global errors did not significantly hinder communication to the audience

Errors Made By The Presenters Of Thesis Proposal Seminar In Study Program Of English Universitas Brawijaya

Keywords: Error, Error Analysis, thesis proposal seminar, Communicative EffectTaxonomy, global errors, local errors, eighth semester students.One of the most important languages to learn today is English since it is widely spoken around the world. In learning another language including English, a learner sometimes produces errors and Error Analysis (EA) has a methodology to figure them out. One of the methodologies is Communicative Effect Taxonomy. In this study, the writer analyzed errors made by the presenters of thesis proposal seminar in Study Program of English Universitas Brawijaya based on Communicative Effect Taxonomy. Furthermore, the writer proposed two objectives of the study, (1) To find out the types of errors made by the presenters of thesis proposal seminar based on Communicative Effect Taxonomy; (2) To find out whether or not global errors of Communicative Effect Taxonomy made by the presenters of thesis proposal seminar significantly hinder communication between the presenters and the audiences.This study used qualitative approach because the data of this study was taken from 4 students\u27 presentations which were in the form of words rather than number and statistic. The researcher analyzed the data by using the theory of Communicative Effect Taxonomy.This study revealed that there were 188 errors committed by the students in which 179 and 9 erroneous utterances fall under local error and global error respectively. The local errors consist of 45 lexical errors, 93 morphological errors, and 41 syntactical errors. The global errors consist of 2 wrong order of major constituents, 1 missing, wrong, or misplaced sentence connectors, 1 missing, wrong, or misplaced sentence connectors, and 5 uncategorized global errors. As for the effect of global error to the audience, the writer found out that the global errors did not significantly hinder communication to the audience.The writer suggests the next researchers who want to conduct similar research to use another subject or another theory. Another suggestion is to use the similar theory but with different object