SW model of PLC controlled crossing

Cílem této práce je vytvořit softwarový model pro různé typy dopravních křižovatek řízených pomocí programovatelného automatu. Řídicí systém je vytvářen na PLC SIMATIC S7-300 od firmy SIEMENS. Programy systému jsou psány v různých programovacích jazycích, jmenovitě GRAPH, STL, LAD. K řízení je také vytvořena vizualizace pomocí SCADA systému InTouch od společnosti Wonderware. Vizualizace komunikuje s programovatelným automatem pomocí DAServeru. Na vizualizaci jsou jak vstupní, tak i výstupní prvky. Neslouží tedy pouze ke sledování chodu řídicího systému, ale i k jednoduchému ovládání uživatelem, který na systém pomocí vizualizace dohlíží. Je možné ho spouštět a zastavovat, přepínat mezi režimy řízení křižovatky a také aktivovat tlačítko pro chodce čekajícího na zelenou.The objective of this thesis is to create a software model to control various types of crossroads using programmable logic controller. The control system is created on Siemens PLC SIMATIC S7-300. The programmes of system are written in different programming languages such as GRAPH, STL, LAD. The visualisation is also created to control by using of SCADA system InTouch from the company Wonderware. The visualisation comunicates with the PLC using a DAServer. The visualisation has both, input and output elements, so it is not intended for supervising the run of the control system only, but also for simple user‘s control, using a graphical user interface. It is possible to control the start and stop events of the system, and to switch between different crossroad's control modes and also to trigger the pedestrian's button.

Lepton-pair scattering with an off-shell and an on-shell photon at two loops in massless QED

We compute the two-loop QED helicity amplitudes for the scattering of a lepton pair with an off-shell and an on-shell photon, $0\to\ell\bar\ell\gamma\gamma^*$, using the approximation of massless leptons. We express all master integrals relevant for the scattering of four massless particles with a single external off-shell leg up to two loops in a basis of algebraically independent multiple polylogarithms, which guarantees an efficient numerical evaluation and compact analytic representations of the amplitudes. Analytic forms of the amplitudes are reconstructed from numerical evaluations over finite fields. Our results complete the amplitude-level ingredients contributing to the N$^3$LO predictions of electron-muon scattering $e\mu\to e\mu$, which are required to meet the precision goal of the future MUonE experiment.Comment: 16 + 13 pages, 2 figures, 2 table

Lepton-pair scattering with an off-shell and an on-shell photon at two loops in massless QED

We compute the two-loop QED helicity amplitudes for the scattering of a lepton pair with an off-shell and an on-shell photon, 0 → ℓℓ¯γγ*, using the approximation of massless leptons. We express all master integrals relevant for the scattering of four massless particles with a single external off-shell leg up to two loops in a basis of algebraically independent multiple polylogarithm, which guarantees an efficient numerical evaluation and compact analytic representations of the amplitudes. Analytic forms of the amplitudes are reconstructed from numerical evaluations over finite fields. Our results complete the amplitude-level ingredients contributing to the N3LO predictions of electron-muon scattering eμ → eμ, which are required to meet the precision goal of the future MUonE experiment

Meta-Learning by the Baldwin Effect

The scope of the Baldwin effect was recently called into question by two papers that closely examined the seminal work of Hinton and Nowlan. To this date there has been no demonstration of its necessity in empirically challenging tasks. Here we show that the Baldwin effect is capable of evolving few-shot supervised and reinforcement learning mechanisms, by shaping the hyperparameters and the initial parameters of deep learning algorithms. Furthermore it can genetically accommodate strong learning biases on the same set of problems as a recent machine learning algorithm called MAML "Model Agnostic Meta-Learning" which uses second-order gradients instead of evolution to learn a set of reference parameters (initial weights) that can allow rapid adaptation to tasks sampled from a distribution. Whilst in simple cases MAML is more data efficient than the Baldwin effect, the Baldwin effect is more general in that it does not require gradients to be backpropagated to the reference parameters or hyperparameters, and permits effectively any number of gradient updates in the inner loop. The Baldwin effect learns strong learning dependent biases, rather than purely genetically accommodating fixed behaviours in a learning independent manner

Two-loop leading-colour QCD helicity amplitudes for Higgs boson production in association with a bottom-quark pair at the LHC

We compute the two-loop QCD helicity amplitudes for the production of a Higgs boson in association with a bottom quark pair at a hadron collider. We take the approximations of leading colour and work in the five flavour scheme, where the bottom quarks are massless while the Yukawa coupling is non-zero. We extract analytic expressions from multiple numerical evaluations over finite fields and present the results in terms of an independent set of special functions that can be reliably evaluated over the full phase space

Scalable photonic sources using two-dimensional lead halide perovskite superlattices

Miniaturized photonic sources based on semiconducting two-dimensional (2D) materials offer new technological opportunities beyond the modern III-V platforms. For example, the quantum-confined 2D electronic structure aligns the exciton transition dipole moment parallel to the surface plane, thereby outcoupling more light to air which gives rise to high-efficiency quantum optics and electroluminescent devices. It requires scalable materials and processes to create the decoupled multi-quantum-well superlattices, in which individual 2D material layers are isolated by atomically thin quantum barriers. Here, we report decoupled multi-quantum-well superlattices comprised of the colloidal quantum wells of lead halide perovskites, with unprecedentedly ultrathin quantum barriers that screen interlayer interactions within the range of 6.5 Å. Crystallographic and 2D k-space spectroscopic analysis reveals that the transition dipole moment orientation of bright excitons in the superlattices is predominantly in-plane and independent of stacking layer and quantum barrier thickness, confirming interlayer decoupling

Personalized catalog of categorized online information resources

Novice users often find it challenging to realize the full potential of available information resources. One approach to help overcome these challenges is to present users with a categorized directory of ranked recommendations for useful information resources, such as apps or websites. However, a single directory and categorization is unlikely to be equally relevant and useful for all users. This disclosure describes techniques to provide a continuously updated catalog of categorized information resources personalized to the user’s needs, expertise, and context. The techniques are implemented with user permission. For each resource within the catalog, the user is presented with associated useful information. The resources are presented within a common interface, thus making it unnecessary for the user to be aware of distinctions between different types of resources

Structural relaxation in the amorphous alloys: FeMeMoCrNbB (where Me = Ni or Co)

In this paper, the results of structural and magnetic investigations are presented for the following amorphous alloys: FeMeMoCrNbB (where Me = Ni or Co). The structural investigations were performed using X-ray diffractometry. It was found that the investigated samples were amorphous in the as-cast state. The magnetisation was measured within magnetic fields ranging from 0 to 1 T using a vibrating sample magnetometer. Investigation of the “magnetisation in the area close to ferromagnetic saturation” showed that the magnetisation process in strong magnetic fields is connected with the rotation of magnetic moments in the vicinity of defects, which are the sources of short-range stresses. Analysis of the high-field magnetization curves facilitated the calculation of the spin-wave stiffness parameter