Investigations of lubricant rheology as applied to elastohydrodynamic lubrication

The pressure viscometer was modified to permit the measurement of viscosity at elevated pressures and shear stresses up to 5 x 10 to the 6th power N/sq m (720 psi). This shear stress is within a factor of three of the shear stress occurring in a sliding ehd point contact such as occurs in the ehd simulator. Viscosity data were taken on five lubricant samples, and it was found that viscous heating effects on the viscosity were predominant and not non-Newtonian behavior at the high shear stresses. The development of the infrared temperature measuring technique for the ehd simulator was completed, and temperature data for a set of operating conditions and one lubricant are reported. The numerical analysis of the behavior of nonlinear lubricants in the lubrication of rollers is reported

The higher you climb: Dark side personality and job level

The purpose of this study was to explore the idea that there are dark side personality differences in the profiles of people at different levels in organizations. This study replicates and extends existing leadership research by focusing on self-defeating behavioral tendencies. A Danish consultancy provided data on 264 adults based on assessment reports. This paper explored linear and quadratic relationships between personality and de facto job level. More senior managers scored high on Cluster B/Moving Against Others scales of Bold, Colorful and Imaginative, and low on Cautious and Dutiful. These Danish data are compared to data from Great Britain and New Zealand which show very similar findings. Practice should take into account that dark side personality traits associated with an assertive, sometimes hostile, interpersonal orientation, predict leadership level up to a point

JPART Virtual Issue on Citizen-State Interactions in Public Administration Research

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Oxford University Press via the DOi in this recordIn this virtual issue, we bring together a collection of research articles that-although not usually grouped together-all illustrate the importance of citizen-state interactions. Specifically, we include articles that directly incorporate citizens' perceptions, attitudes, experiences of, or behavior related to public administration. About 10% of all JPART articles over the life of the journal so far (1991-2015) met our inclusion criteria. Of those articles, we selected seven for this virtual issue on the basis that they have offered important insights into citizen-state interaction at different stages of the policy cycle. We argue that public administration scholarship should focus much more on the role of citizens and citizen-state interactions at all stages of the policy cycle. This research should focus both on the different forms of interaction citizens have with administrators, and the outcomes of these interactions, for bureaucracy and for citizens themselves

Simulation of GNSS reflected signals and estimation of position accuracy in GNSS-challenged environment

Abstract The paper describes the development and testing of a simulation tool, called QualiSIM. The tool estimates GNSS-based position accuracy based on a simulation of the environment surrounding the GNSS antenna, with a special focus on city-scape environments with large amounts of signal reflections from non-line-of-sight satellites. The signal reflections are implemented using the extended geometric path length of the signal path caused by reflections from the surrounding buildings. Based on real GPS satellite positions, simulated Galileo satellite positions, models of atmospheric effect on the satellite signals, designs of representative environments e.g. urban and rural scenarios, and a method to simulate reflection of satellite signals within the environment we are able to estimate the position accuracy given several prerequisites as described in the paper. The result is a modelling of the signal path from satellite to receiver, the satellite availability, the extended pseudoranges caused by signal reflection, and an estimate of the position accuracy based on a least squares adjustment of the extended pseudoranges. The paper describes the models and algorithms used and a verification test where the results of QualiSIM are compared with results from collection of real GPS data in an environment with much signal reflection.</jats:p

En skole for hvem? : et kritisk blikk på fremtidens skole

Formålet med denne studien har vært å kartlegge og kategoriserer ulike forståelser som omhandler elevers kompetanseutvikling i Ludvigsen-utvalgets del- og hovedutredning, for deretter å problematisere disse. Utgangspunktet for studien er utdanningspolitikk, og hvorvidt diskurser innenfor denne konteksten bidrar til å legitimere krav, forventninger og mål som settes til elever, og hvorvidt dette kan komme til å prege vår oppfattelse av skolens samfunnsmandat. Problemstillingen til denne masteroppgaven er: Med fokus på elevers kompetanseutvikling, hvilke diskurser er fremtredende i Ludvigsen-utvalgets del- og hovedutredning? For å kunne besvare problemstillingen har jeg utført en diskursanalyse, der jeg analyserte delutredningen – Elevenes læring i fremtidens skole : Et kunnskapsgrunnlag, og hovedutredningen – Fremtidens skole : Fornyelse av fag og kompetanser. Det metodiske rammeverket er inspirert av ulike diskursanalytiske tilnærminger, noe som innebærer at oppgaven har en eklektisk tilnærming til analysen. Gjennom diskursanalysen ble totalt åtte diskurser identifisert. I tillegg ble det identifisert tre latente budskap i utredningene. Disse funnene har blitt drøftet opp mot oppgavens teoretiske rammeverk, som har søkt å skissere et bilde av norsk utdanningspolitikk. Her har utvalgte aspekt ved skolens samfunnsmandat blitt beskrevet. Oppgavens hovedfunn handler om at diskursene bærer preg av en instrumentalistisk forståelse knyttet til elevers kompetanseutvikling, og dermed også av skolens samfunnsmandat. Ettersom instrumentalistiske faktorer får stor vekt, ser det ut til at særlig nyttedannelse vektlegges. Videre etterlyses en problematisering av begrepet tilpasset opplæring, som synes å være et sentralt element i dokumentenes pedagogiske innfallsvinkel. Summary: The purpose of this study was to identify and categorize the different understandings that deal with pupils' competence in the Ludvigsen Committees Official Norwegian Reports, then to problematize these understandings. The starting point for the study is education policy, and whether discourses within this context helps to legitimize the demands, expectations and goals set for pupils, and how this has come to influence our perception of the school's social mandate. The research question to this master thesis is: Focusing on students competence development, which discourses are prominent in Ludvigsen Committees reports? To answer the research question I have conducted a discourse analysis, where I analyzed the interim report - Pupils' learning in school of the future : a knowledgebase, and the main report – The School of the Future : Renewal of subjects and competences. The methodological framework is inspired by different discourse analytical approaches, which means that the method of analysis is inspirerd by tools from various theorists. Through the discourse analysis, a total of eight discourses was identified. In addition, three latent messages were identified in the reports. These findings have been argued in the light of the theoretical framework that outlines a picture of the Norwegian education policy, in which selected aspects of the school's social mandate are described. The key finding is that the discourses are marked by an instrumentalism perspective of pupils' competence, and thus of the school's social mandate. Seeing that instrumentalism has been given a considerable weight, and in light of the “bildung” perspective, utility “bildung” is emphasized. Moreover, I recall for a critique of the concept of adapted teaching, which seems to be a key element in the documents' educational approach

Semiconductor resonator solitons above band gap

We show experimentally the existence of bright and dark spatial solitons in semiconductor resonators for excitation above the band gap energy. These solitons can be switched on, both spontaneously and with address pulses, without the thermal delay found for solitons below the band gap which is unfavorable for applications. The differences between soliton properties above and below gap energy are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 7 figure

An image processing approach to reconstruct wind using long-range wind lidars

Lidar-based wind sensing technology, originally used in the wind energy sector, is now being utilized in wind engineering to monitor wind action for designing fjord-crossing infrastructure like long-span bridges. Accurate estimation of design wind loads is crucial for the design process of such bridges. This paper examines wind data from two pairs of long-range lidars positioned along one side of the Sulafjorden, Norway, in a measurement campaign initiated by the Norwegian Public Roads Administration (NPRA). Two different scanning modes, the Plan Position Indicator (PPI) mode and the staring mode, with the fixed line-of-sight (LOS) orientation, are used to determine the line-of-sight wind speeds, the wind direction, and the related along wind speed. An image processing approach is used to compute along wind velocity information from all range gates based on the LOS wind speeds from two near-parallel lidar beams. The estimated along wind velocity is validated through wind data calculated at the intersection point of the two lidars, which provides velocity data with two horizontal components. The image-based reconstruction is found to produce reasonable wind speed estimates with a goodness-of-fit coefficient of R2 = 0.903. The mean wind direction estimate is smoothened but still comparable to the actual wind direction. The image processing approach shows promising potential to provide wind speed and direction information for all range gates for the lidar setup used, which can supplement traditional single-point wind velocity characterization by dual lidars.publishedVersio