Laser Light as an Emerging Method for Sustainable Food Processing, Packaging, and Testing

In this review article, we systematically investigated the diverse applications of laser technology within the sphere of food processing, encompassing techniques such as laser ablation, microbial inactivation, state-of-the-art food packaging, and non-destructive testing. With a detailed exploration, we assess the utility of laser ablation for the removal of surface contaminants from foodstuffs, while also noting the potential financial and safety implications of its implementation on an industrial scale. Microbial inactivation by laser shows promise for reducing the microbial load on food surfaces, although concerns have been raised about potential damage to the physio characteristics of some fruits. Laser-based packaging techniques, such as laser perforation and laser transmission welding, offer eco-friendly alternatives to traditional packaging methods and can extend the shelf life of perishable goods. Despite the limitations, laser technology shows great promise in the food industry and has the potential to revolutionize food processing, packaging, and testing. Future research needs to focus on optimizing laser equipment

Application of High-Intensity Ultrasound to Improve Food Processing Efficiency: A Review

The use of non-thermal processing technologies has grown in response to an ever-increasing demand for high-quality, convenient meals with natural taste and flavour that are free of chemical additions and preservatives. Food processing plays a crucial role in addressing food security issues by reducing loss and controlling spoilage. Among the several non-thermal processing methods, ultrasound technology has shown to be very beneficial. Ultrasound processing, whether used alone or in combination with other methods, improves food quality significantly and is thus considered beneficial. Cutting, freezing, drying, homogenization, foaming and defoaming, filtration, emulsification, and extraction are just a few of the applications for ultrasound in the food business. Ultrasounds can be used to destroy germs and inactivate enzymes without affecting the quality of the food. As a result, ultrasonography is being hailed as a game-changing processing technique for reducing organoleptic and nutritional waste. This review intends to investigate the underlying principles of ultrasonic generation and to improve understanding of their applications in food processing to make ultrasonic generation a safe, viable, and innovative food processing technology, as well as investigate the technology’s benefits and downsides. The breadth of ultrasound’s application in the industry has also been examined. This will also help researchers and the food sector develop more efficient strategies for frequency-controlled power ultrasound in food processing applications

In vitro induction of tuber formation for the synthesis of secondary metabolites in Chlorophytum borivilianum Sant. et Fernand

Chlorophytum borivilianum Sant. et Fernand an endangered herb is valued for several medicinal properties in its tuberous roots. An efficient and reproducible method for inducing in vitro tubers from stem disc explant has been developed. Stem disc possessing shoot buds were induced to develop multiple shoots in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with vitamins, 3% sucrose, 0.8% agar and 5 mg/L benzylaminopurine (BAP). Healthy regenerated shoots were rooted in MS basal medium containing 3% sucrose (w/v), 0.8% agar supplemented with indole-3-acetic acid (2 mg/L). On further sub culturing, the maximum percentage of tuber formation was obtained in growth hormone free half (½) MS liquid media supplemented with vitamins and 1.5% sucrose after 8 to 9 weeks. The saponin contents of the in vitro and in vivo raised tubers were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). There was a significant similarity in the saponins in both tubers. The in vitro raised tubers showed similar high metabolite content than in vivo grown tubers which is required for medicinal applications. The rooted plantlets were transferred to peat and sand (2:1) with more than 80% success. This is the 1st report of in vitro tuber formation and secondary metabolites screening of C. borivilianum. This work will give a strong impetus to the pharmaceutical and neutraceutical sectors.Keywords: Chlorophytum borivilianum, tuber formation, saponin, liquid medium, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(20), pp. 2900-2907

Study of Clinical Profile and Outcome of Patients admitted in a Obstetric ICU of a Tertiary Care Hospital

Objective : To analyse indications and clinical profile of obstetrics patient for admission in obstetric ICU and to observe outcome of patients.Methods : The prospective observational study was designed to evaluate the maternal mortality ratio in a tertiary care hospital for 1 year to assess the demographic profile, causes of maternal mortality, type of delay, and to suggest remedial measures for improvement. Results: In our study, the main obstetric reason for ICU admission was hypertensive disorders of pregnancy which constitute 314(36.09%), the majority of which were complicated by severe anaemia (6.20%) followed by obstetric haemorrhage in 288(33.10%). The maternal mortality rate in our study was 11.95% among patient admitting to obstetric ICU. Most common underlying condition leading to death of patients was hypertensive disorders (61.85%). Conclusion Establishment of a dedicated obstetric ICU at tertiary care centre with knowledge, familiarity and experience of an obstetrician and a special team would be best place to monitor and treatment for critically ill patients, which will reduce the maternal morbidity and mortality. Mortality rate may be reduced by health education, training staff at primary health care centre to identify womens at high risk, early referrel to tertiary care centre where facilities for ICU are available

Detecting Traffic Anomalies in Network through Packet Header Data

The paper proposes how to detect network traffic anomalies through packet header data. In this the system needs to observe the growth rate of the traffic over the network through analysing the packet size and to study the traffic in network through the data that aggregates into flows having unique source/destination IP and port. The paper suggests a technique for traffic anomaly detection by analysing correlation of destination IP addresses in outgoing traffic and proposes a traffic anomaly detector that has been operated by passively monitoring packet headers of traffic. Results from evaluation suggests that the paper proposes the approach that could provide an effective means of detecting  traffic anomalies in network close to the source

DISSEMINATED SUPERFICIAL AND WARTY TYPE OF POROKERATOSIS: A RARE COEXISTENCE

A 60-year-old male presented with hyperpigmented annular plaques with raised keratotic wall and central groove along with warty plaque involving the trunk and the extremities, respectively. A provisional diagnosis of porokeratosis was made which was confirmed histopathologically. Herein, we report a case of rare coexistence of disseminated superficial and warty porokeratosis

Butterfly rash with periodontitis: A diagnostic dilemma

Rashes can occur in any part of the body. But rash which appears on face has got both psychological and cosmetic effect on the patient. Rashes on face can sometimes be very challenging to physicians and dermatologists and those associated with oral manifestations pose a challenge to dentists. Butterfly rash is a red flat facial rash involving the malar region bilaterally and the bridge of the nose. The presence of a butterfly rash is generally a sign of lupus erythematosus (LE), but it can also include a plethora of conditions. The case presented here is of a female with butterfly rash along with typical bright red discoloration of gingiva. The clinical, histopathological and biochemical investigations suggested the presence of rosacea