Performance evaluation of screw-press oil expeller using a continuous spiral and decreasing length of pitch of screw

Mechanical designing of screw-press for obtaining optimum flow and pressure will be very costly affair. The flow velocity and pressure was predicted using an analytical solution of an isothermal Newtonian flow in finite screw channel. An innovative design of continuous spiral screw was developed for screw-press oil expeller. The flow velocities in the down channel range from 125 to 175 mm s-1 through the length of screw from 150 to 500 mm for the screw drive of 48 rpm. The maximum pressure was built at the end of screw in the range of 9 - 10.57 x 105 Pa. The theoretical pressure was close to the pressure measured during experiments for mustard and sunflower oilseed expelling. The lower screw speed resulted low heat generation and higher oil recovery.

Statistical approximation properties of Stancu type qq-Baskakov-Kantorovich operators

In the present paper, we consider Stancu type generalization of Baskakov-Kantorovich operators based on the q-integers and obtain statistical and weighted statistical approximation properties of these operators. Rates of statistical convergence by means of the modulus of continuity and the Lipschitz type function are also established for said operators. Finally, we construct a bivariate generalization of the operator and also obtain the statistical approximation properties.Comment: 16. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1508.0586

Eulerian and Hamiltonian properties of Gallai and anti-Gallai middle graphs

The Gallai middle graph ΓM(G) of a graph G = (V, E) is the graph whose vertex set is V ∪ E and two edges ei, ej ∈ E are adjacent in ΓM(G), if they are adjacent edges of G and do not lie on a same triangle in G, or if ei = uv ∈ E then ei is adjacent to u and v in ΓM(G). The anti-Gallai middle graph ∆M(G) of a graph G = (V, E) is the graph whose vertex set is V ∪ E and two edges ei, ej ∈ E are adjacent in ∆M(G) if they are adjacent in G and lie on a same triangle in G, or if ei = uv ∈ E then ei is adjacent to u and v in ∆M(G). In this paper, we investigate Eulerian and Hamiltonian properties of Gallai and anti-Gallai middle graphs.Publisher's Versio

Study on the effect of machine operative parameters on physical characteristics of rice/maize based fruit/vegetable pulp fortified extrudates

 Rice / Maize based extruded products were formulated in addition to fruit (guava, banana) and vegetable (tomato, pumpkin) pulp to enhance the nutritive value and flavour to fulfil the requirements of children from three to five years old.  The Response Surface Methodology was used with machine parameters as independent variables (die temperature, screw speed and feed rate) while physical parameters such as expansion ratio, density and textural characteristics were analysed for model validation.  The extrusion of cereals by adding 10% of pulp of fruit and vegetable was an added advantage on nutrition and structure.  The final product was agreeable in terms of physical structure by slightly compromising in expansion and texture. The banana added extrudates of rice and maize had maximum expansion and lower in toughness.   Keywords: Extrusion process, fruit and vegetable fortified extrudates, response surface method; snack food, optimizatio

Antagonistic Effects of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria Against Bacterial Diseases of Black Gram

Vigna mungo, the black gram, urad bean, mash kalai, uzhunnu parippu, ulundu paruppu, minapa pappu, Uddu (in Kannada) or black matpe is a bean grown in South Asia. Like its relative, the mung bean, it has been reclassified from the Phaseolus to the Vigna genus. The product sold as black lentil is usually the whole urad bean, whereas the split bean (the interior being white) is called white lentil. It should not be confused with the much smaller true black lentil (Lens culinaris).Black gram originated in South Asia, where it has been in cultivation from ancient times and is one of the most highly prized pulses of India. It is very widely used in Indian cuisine. In India the black gram is one of the important pulses grown in both Kharif and Rabi seasons. This crop is extensively grown in southern part of India, northern part of Bangladesh and Nepal. In Bangladesh and Nepal it is known as mash daal. It is a popular daal (legume) side dish in South Asia, that goes with curry and rice as a platter. Black gram has also been introduced to other tropical areas such as the Caribbean, Fiji, Mauritius, Myanmar and Africa. It is an erect, suberect or trailing, densely hairy, annual bush. The tap root produces a branched root system with smooth, rounded nodules. The pods are narrow, cylindrical and up to six cm long. The plant grows 30–100 cm with large hairy leaves and 4–6 cm seed pods. While the urad dal was, along with the mung bean, originally placed in Phaseolus, it has since been transferred to Vigna.present study is based on antagonistic effects of plant growth promoting bacteria against bacterial diseases of black gram

Design, Analysis, And Testing Of High Performance Bearings In A High Speed Integrally Geared Compressor.

LecturePg. 31-42Analysis, design, and optimization of high performance journal and thrust bearings in a high speed integrally geared compressor are described. The high speed and relatively small bearing size stretches the applicable limits of conventional style tilt pad bearings. The variation in the load magnitude, as is the case with most gear loaded bearings, requires careful analysis of the stability and unbalance response characteristics. An optimized new flexible pivot bearing was used in this application to provide stable operation throughout the wide ranges of load and inlet temperature. The bearing incorporated a directed lubrication feature to reduce the hot oil carry over which is known to be a major contributor to high bearing temperatures in high speed applications. The precision inherent in the manufacturing process used to produce this style of bearing allowed further optimization of the preload and pivot offset. The use of an offset pivot configuration demonstrated lower sensitivity to bearing clearance variation. The necessity for high rotational speeds in integrally geared compressors increases the frictional power losses in the journal and thrust bearings. The parasitic losses constitute a significant percentage of the overall bearing power losses. Bearing designs that were utilized to reduce both the frictional and parasitic losses in the thrust bearings are discussed. The new thrust bearings were designed to provide an optimum crown-to-film thickness ratio allowing the bearing to carry the design thrust load with fewer pads. The analytical results for the conventional and deflection journal and thrust bearings are presented and compared to the test data. The new bearing resulted in lower steady state vibrations. At surge conditions, the synchronous and subsynchronous vibrations were about 25 percent of the conventional tilt pad bearing. The frictional and parasitic power losses with the new thrust bearing were about 20 percent lower than those of the conventional bearings. The temperature rise was also lower which indicated that the inlet temperature can be further increased with the new bearing allowing a wider operating temperature range and lower frictional losses

Optimizing Agricultural Supply Chains with Machine Learning Algorithms

Agricultural supply chains serve as the vital link between producers and consumers, ensuring the efficient flow of agricultural products. Their optimization is essential to address challenges like seasonal variations, transportation complexities, and quality control. Machine learning, with its predictive modeling, demand forecasting, route optimization, inventory management, quality control, and risk management capabilities, offers a promising solution to revolutionize the agricultural industry. These supply chains consist of various components, including producers, distributors, retailers, and consumers, each contributing to the network that delivers agricultural products. To enhance efficiency and product quality, innovative solutions are required to overcome challenges such as seasonal fluctuations and quality concerns. Machine learning empowers supply chain stakeholders to make data-driven decisions, automate processes, and optimize various aspects of the supply chain. This technology enhances the resilience and efficiency of agricultural supply chains, ensuring the delivery of fresh and safe products to consumers. Effective data collection and preprocessing are essential for leveraging machine learning's potential. Through sourcing, cleaning, and structuring data from diverse sources, stakeholders enable machine learning algorithms to make informed recommendations and predictions. Machine learning's application in agricultural supply chains, exemplified by predictive modeling for crop yield through weather data analysis and disease detection, illustrates the power of data-driven technologies in enhancing crop production, reducing losses, and ensuring a secure global food supply

Historical and Current Adenosine Receptor Agonists in Preclinical and Clinical Development

Adenosine receptors (ARs) function in the body’s response to conditions of pathology and stress associated with a functional imbalance, such as in the supply and demand of energy/oxygen/nutrients. Extracellular adenosine concentrations vary widely to raise or lower the basal activation of four subtypes of ARs. Endogenous adenosine can correct an energy imbalance during hypoxia and other stress, for example, by slowing the heart rate by A1AR activation or increasing the blood supply to heart muscle by the A2AAR. Moreover, exogenous AR agonists, antagonists, or allosteric modulators can be applied for therapeutic benefit, and medicinal chemists working toward that goal have reported thousands of such agents. Thus, numerous clinical trials have ensued, using promising agents to modulate adenosinergic signaling, most of which have not succeeded. Currently, short-acting, parenteral agonists, adenosine and Regadenoson, are the only AR agonists approved for human use. However, new concepts and compounds are currently being developed and applied toward preclinical and clinical evaluation, and initial results are encouraging. This review focuses on key compounds as AR agonists and positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) for disease treatment or diagnosis. AR agonists for treating inflammation, pain, cancer, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, angina, sickle cell disease, ischemic conditions and diabetes have been under development. Multiple clinical trials with two A3AR agonists are ongoing

Treatment with clobetasol propionate 0.025% topical therapy in various dermatoses

Owing to their anti-inflammatory and vasoconstrictive properties. Topical corticosteroids (TCs) provide benefits in various dermatological conditions, including atopic eczema, psoriasis, chronic hand eczema, and localized vitiligo. Clobetasol propionate (CP) is the most common topical agent possessing anti-inflammatory, antimitotic, antipruritic, and immunosuppressive properties that are employed in the management of plaque psoriasis. CP 0.025% cream was approved by the United States food and drug administration for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis in adult patients. The formulation is free from known contact allergens, such as propylene glycol, short-chain alcohols, and sorbitol-based emulsifiers, and has demonstrated hypoallergenic effects. High penetration of active ingredients and a lower degree of systemic absorption make CP 0.025% an effective and safe agent. This case series discusses the clinical experience of using CP 0.025% cream in various dermatologic conditions, focusing on its efficacy and safety

A rare case of pigmented villonodular synovitis after unicompartmental knee replacement: a case report

Pigmented villonodular synovitis is a benign proliferative disease involving the synovium. Pigmented villonodular synovitis is rare after replacement arthroplasty and has not been recognised and reported as a cause of failure of unicompartmental knee replacement in the literature