Effect of pH Reduction on the Color of Cakes

International audienc

Crystalline constituents of euphorbiaceae—XII: Isolation and structural elucidation of three new lignans from the leaves of Phyllanthus niruri Linn.

Three more new lignans from the hexane extract of Phyllanthus niruri Linn. are now reported besides phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin. The structure of niranthin is now established as 3,3',4',9,9'-pentamethoxy-4,5-methylenedioxy-8,8'-butyrolignan (2). Nirtetralin and phyltetralin are shown to be 1-phenyl tetralins. On the basis of NMR and mass spectra, nirtetralin is assigned the structure (7) and phyltetralin (11)

Keywords:

Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: The manuscript provides insight into the recently-discovered new form of cell death that may co-exist with autophagy, apoptosis or necorosis. The described below cellular extrusion of damaged mitochondria, may contribute to ethiology of some autoimmune diseases, as well as to the development of novel antiviral drugs that employ autophagy in their life-cycle. Please cite this paper as

Extraction and concentration of isoflavones from soybean (Glycine max)

The extraction and concentration of isoflavones from defatted soy flour (DSF) is attempted by leaching, membrane process and liquid-liquid extraction. The optimized extraction conditions by response surface methodology (RSM) resulted in an isoflavone content of 3.2 mg/g of DSF. The extracted isoflavones are processed by ultrafiltration for preliminary purification resulting in 3.0 mg/g of DSF, and then concentrated by liquid-liquid extraction with diethyl ether (4.8 mg/g DSF). The final isoflavone content is 69 mg/g of dried extract with an overall recovery of 57.5%. The optimization of extraction conditions resulted in an about 2.5 fold enhancement of isoflavones and concentration step enriched the isoflavones by about 8.5 fold compared to initial extract

Hybrid Technology–a new vista in pigeonpea breeding

Once designated as an ‘orphan crop’ to now being crowned as a mainstream ‘commercial crop’, pigeonpea has evolved over the decades as lifeline for millions of resource poor farmers in the semi-arid tropics, where it is cultivated for both subsistence and commercial purpose.Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.)] is the sixth most important legume crop, grown predominantly in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of Asia, Africa and Latin America. India is considered as the center of origin of pigeonpea (Van der Maesen, 1980) because of its natural genetic variability available in the local germplasm and the presence of its wild relatives in the country..

The structures of lignans from Gmelina arborea Linn

Five new lignans isolated from Gmelina arborea Linn have been characterised. The parent compound arboreol, is 2a,6e-dipiperonyl-1e,2e-dihydroxy-3,7-dioxabicyclo-[3,3,0]-octane. It is accompanied by its 2-O-methyl ether, the 2-O-ethyl ether and its 2-epimer, isoarboreol,. The fifth substance, gmelanone, is the first reported example of a lignan derived from 3,6-dioxabicyclo-[3,2,1]-octane

Modeling of Molecular Interaction between Apoptin, BCR-Abl and CrkL - An Alternative Approach to Conventional Rational Drug Design

In this study we have calculated a 3D structure of apoptin and through modeling and docking approaches, we show its interaction with Bcr-Abl oncoprotein and its downstream signaling components, following which we confirm some of the newly-found interactions by biochemical methods. Bcr-Abl oncoprotein is aberrantly expressed in chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML). It has several distinct functional domains in addition to the Abl kinase domain. The SH3 and SH2 domains cooperatively play important roles in autoinhibiting its kinase activity. Adapter molecules such as Grb2 and CrkL interact with proline-rich region and activate multiple Bcr-Abl downstream signaling pathways that contribute to growth and survival. Therefore, the oncogenic effect of Bcr-Abl could be inhibited by the interaction of small molecules with these domains. Apoptin is a viral protein with well-documented cancer-selective cytotoxicity. Apoptin attributes such as SH2-like sequence similarity with CrkL SH2 domain, unique SH3 domain binding sequence, presence of proline-rich segments, and its nuclear affinity render the molecule capable of interaction with Bcr-Abl. Despite almost two decades of research, the mode of apoptin’s action remains elusive because 3D structure of apoptin is unavailable. We performed in silico threedimensional modeling of apoptin, molecular docking experiments between apoptin model and the known structure of Bcr- Abl, and the 3D structures of SH2 domains of CrkL and Bcr-Abl. We also biochemically validated some of the interactions that were first predicted in silico. This structure-property relationship of apoptin may help in unlocking its cancer-selective toxic properties. Moreover, such models will guide us in developing of a new class of potent apoptin-like molecules with greater selectivity and potency