Educational review on the effect of tourism on the improvement of the environmental conditions of the towns of the city of Taleghan (Iran)

In this study, the effect of second home tourism on improving the environmental conditions of villages in the central part of Taleghan city (Iran) has been investigated. The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical and the required information has been collected in the field and non-field. The research tool is a questionnaire that validity and reliability have been confirmed through Delphi technique and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. After collecting and processing the data, descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used. SPSS software has been used to answer the research hypotheses and to perform calculations. The findings show that second home tourism has been able to have positive effects in improving the environmental conditions in the lives of villagers. tourism of second homes in the village leads to the development of villages and development of green spaces and collection of sewage and garbage of villagers and stabilization and improvement of rural housing, improving the condition of roads and beautification with rural landscapes, improving the environment and physical development of villages and creating educational and communication facilities, improving health services in the village, improving the quality of rural roads, improving worn-out rural structures and establishing the facilities and services required by the village

Educational review on the effect of tourism on the improvement of the environmental conditions of the towns of the city of Taleghan (Iran)

In this study, the effect of second home tourism on improving the environmental conditions of villages in the central part of Taleghan city (Iran) has been investigated. The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical and the required information has been collected in the field and non-field. The research tool is a questionnaire that validity and reliability have been confirmed through Delphi technique and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. After collecting and processing the data, descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used. SPSS software has been used to answer the research hypotheses and to perform calculations. The findings show that second home tourism has been able to have positive effects in improving the environmental conditions in the lives of villagers. tourism of second homes in the village leads to the development of villages and development of green spaces and collection of sewage and garbage of villagers and stabilization and improvement of rural housing, improving the condition of roads and beautification with rural landscapes, improving the environment and physical development of villages and creating educational and communication facilities, improving health services in the village, improving the quality of rural roads, improving worn-out rural structures and establishing the facilities and services required by the village

High carrier frequency of the GJB2 mutation (35delG) in the north of Iran

Objective: Mutations in the GJB2 gene are a major cause of autosomal recessive and sporadic non-syndromic hearing loss in many populations. A single mutation of this gene (35delG) accounts for approximately 70% of mutations in Caucasians with a carrier frequency of 2-4% in Europe. This study aims to determine the rate of 35delG carrier frequency in Iran. Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from a total of 550 unaffected unrelated subjects from 4 provinces of Iran following the standard phenol chloroform procedure. The one base pair deletion (35delG) was analysed using a nested PCR procedure; 35delG mutation carriers were subsequently confirmed by sequence analysis. Moreover, using the Binomial probability distribution, we compared the 35delG carrier frequency of Iranian population with the various Middle Eastern and overall European populations. Results: Of the four populations studied, we found a high carrier frequency of 2.8% in Gilan province in the north of Iran. The overall 35delG carrier frequency was found to be 1.25% in the populations studied (our present and previous data) which is similar to the overall 35delG carrier frequency detected in Middle Eastern populations, but Significantly tower than that identified in European populations. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

The Role of the Experience Economy in the Development of Senior Tourism Behavior (Case Study: Mashhad City)

In today’s world, more people experience elderly, due to the increase in life expectancy and longevity of people in different societies compared to the past. Leisure time significantly, contributes to the lives of the elderly. So, the development of the tourism industry is very important. As a religious site in Iran, Mashhad is considered a tourist and pilgrimage city. This study was conducted to analyze and investigate the significant relationship between the experience economy, the formation of the mental image of the destination and senior tourism behavior to develop senior tourism. The samples include senior tourists who visited Mashhad. A total of 384 questionnaires were distributed and the results were studied considering the COVID-19 pandemic. The reliability and validity of the questionnaires were confirmed. The questionnaires were analyzed through SmartPls and examined to determine the relationship between the variables in the modeling. The results showed that the most important component of the experience economy is aesthetics with a coefficient of 4.08 and the least important component is education with a coefficient of 3.59. The most important component of tourism behavior is the emotional component, with a coefficient of 4.32 and the least important is the cognitive component, with a coefficient of 3.85. The results also show that there is a significant positive relationship between tourism behavior and the components of the experience economy (emotional dimension, cognitive dimension, loyalty, memories and mental image). This relationship is confirmed statistically because the significance level of all the components is less than 0.05

Management of marginality with approach to the empowerment in Mashhad

In this paper, the reasons for marginal growth in Mashhad were examined. Marginalization in the areas around the city was reviewed and the margin management in the direction of empowerment was evaluated. The main goal is to find solutions for better management of marginalized areas based on empowerment approach. Research method is descriptive-analytic and data are obtained through documentary and field studies (completed questionnaires). In order to test the research hypotheses, statistical analysis of factor analysis, analysis of variance, Spearman correlation coefficient and Mann-Whitney test have been used. The statistical population consists of 922282 people in eight marginal areas of Mashhad that includes 66 marginal neighborhoods. From statistical population, 400 people were selected as samples. To obtain sample size, the Cochran formula has been used with a 95% confidence interval and a standard error of 5%. The research findings show that the best solution for better management of the marginalized areas is the economic empowerment of the marginalized population, which, of course, has been implemented for empowerment. In the field and practical part, 384 randomly selected questionnaires were completed by residents of marginal neighborhoods of Mashhad. Finally, in the analytical section, the information obtained in the above steps was analyzed using the SPSS software program

Explaining the safety of children's parks based on the physical components of the space (Case study: Parks in Region 1 of Mashhad)

Attention to the safety of children and adolescents as an effective stratum of society is inevitable. The stratum which the future of every city and country is in their hands. Nowadays, children in addition to nutrition, clean air and a shelter, need a safe and healthy open space to play and communicate with the environment. Flaws of urban spaces do not allow children to experiment and bring them to digital devices and solitaire games. The result is nothing but the growing individualist kids with a spirit of isolationism, a topic that can be called a threat to the health of the community. The present study is a small step towards recognizing the issues of the sense of security of children in the parks of Mashhad. In this research, the physical characteristics and space design, which include pass way quality indicators, lighting, urban furniture, and ultimately the security of space in parks of region 1 of Mashhad municipality will be analyzed. In this study, the research method is descriptive-analytical and with the understanding of effective physical indices on security through field, documentary and library studies, and comparing the contribution of these indices to other physical indices in similar samples, we explain the importance of these indices. Based on the data the most important physical factors affecting the improvement of security of children’s urban parks are the attention to the lighting index of all parks at nights, and also the reduction of out-of-sight locations and inducing fear in the design of the parks

Visualization of cell composition and maturation in the bone marrow using 10-color flow cytometry and radar plots

Background: The enormous potential of complex data files generated by 10-color flow cytometry (FC) is hindered by the requirement for exhaustive manual gating and the complexity of multidimensional data visualization. We propose a model using radar plots (RPs), to improve FC data visualization by capturing multidimensionality and integration of FC findings. Method: We analysed 12 normal/reactive bone marrow (N/R BM) samples and 12 BM samples from patients with myelodysplasia (MDS) with 10-color FC. All identifiable cell clusters were individually marked, grouped, and visualized on radar plots. RPs were optimized to de-clutter the cell clusters and map BM cell composition and maturation. Results: A total of 27 immature and mature cell clusters were identified and visualized on 8 multidimensional radar plots. The RPs displayed flow cytometry findings of normal BM in an integrated fashion to maximize overall insight into the data set. The constructed map of bone marrow cell composition was reproducible in all normal BM samples analyzed. Analysis of the pilot cohort of patient samples confirmed the presence of MDS-related changes. These changes are readily identifiable on RPs. Conclusion: We demonstrated that the cell clusters of normal BM can be mapped on multidimensional radar plots, which provide an inclusive insight into BM cell composition and maturation. These reproducible RPs present a comprehensive and comprehensible visual display of differentiation and maturation of haematopoietic cells in normal BM, and can be used as a reference map to assess abnormal haematopoiesis in MDS

Analysis of erythroid maturation in the nonlysed bone marrow with help of radar plots facilitates detection of flow cytometric aberrations in myelodysplastic syndromes

Background: Accumulating data support the role of flow cytometry (FCM) in diagnostic work-up of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Changes in erythropoiesis are less documented than in granulopoiesis. However, most studies were performed on bone marrow samples (BMSs) after red blood cell lysis. We have established a FCM protocol for erythropoiesis, following a no-lysis approach and live gate acquisition of nucleated cells using DNA dye DRAQ5. Methods: The ERY tube consisted of CD36, CD71, CD105, CD117, CD13, and CD45. Comparison with cytomorphological differential counts was carried out in a learning cohort of 80 BMS. To detect aberrations, we analyzed 208 BMS from 135 patients and five normal donors, divided into three cohorts: MDS (n = 68), nonclonal cytopenia (n = 43), and normal controls (n = 29). Radar plot (RP) was created for an overview of normal and aberrant patterns. Results: The proportion of erythropoiesis in the ERY tube showed better agreement with the cytomorphology, compared to FCM panels on lysed BMS. We confirmed that aberrations in coefficient of variation (CV) of CD36 fluorescence intensity (p <.001), mean fluorescence intensity of CD36 (p =.012), and CV of CD105 (p <.001) can distinguish between MDS and nonclonal cytopenia. RP facilitated evaluation of erythropoietic maturation patterns and aberrant patterns were identified in 85% of MDS patients. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that a no-lysis approach and RP analysis allow a more reliable evaluation of erythropoiesis and erythroid dysplasia, supporting the integration of FCM erythroid panels in the standard work-up of MDS

Analysis of erythroid maturation in the nonlysed bone marrow with help of radar plots facilitates detection of flow cytometric aberrations in myelodysplastic syndromes

Background: Accumulating data support the role of flow cytometry (FCM) in diagnostic work-up of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Changes in erythropoiesis are less documented than in granulopoiesis. However, most studies were performed on bone marrow samples (BMSs) after red blood cell lysis. We have established a FCM protocol for erythropoiesis, following a no-lysis approach and live gate acquisition of nucleated cells using DNA dye DRAQ5. Methods: The ERY tube consisted of CD36, CD71, CD105, CD117, CD13, and CD45. Comparison with cytomorphological differential counts was carried out in a learning cohort of 80 BMS. To detect aberrations, we analyzed 208 BMS from 135 patients and five normal donors, divided into three cohorts: MDS (n = 68), nonclonal cytopenia (n = 43), and normal controls (n = 29). Radar plot (RP) was created for an overview of normal and aberrant patterns. Results: The proportion of erythropoiesis in the ERY tube showed better agreement with the cytomorphology, compared to FCM panels on lysed BMS. We confirmed that aberrations in coefficient of variation (CV) of CD36 fluorescence intensity (p <.001), mean fluorescence intensity of CD36 (p =.012), and CV of CD105 (p <.001) can distinguish between MDS and nonclonal cytopenia. RP facilitated evaluation of erythropoietic maturation patterns and aberrant patterns were identified in 85% of MDS patients. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that a no-lysis approach and RP analysis allow a more reliable evaluation of erythropoiesis and erythroid dysplasia, supporting the integration of FCM erythroid panels in the standard work-up of MDS